Neural Network- and Fuzzy Control-Based Energy Optimization for the Switching in Parallel Hybrid Two-Wheeler
Round 1
Reviewer 1 Report
The manuscript entitled “Neural network and Fuzzy Control based Energy Optimization for the switching in Parallel Hybrid Two-wheeler” by Kalyankar-Narwade S. et al. focuses on three switching control strategies of HEV based on the State of Charge, Fuzzy Logic and Neural Network. Further, energy management control for the Through-The-Road (TTR) model is developed for vehicle parameters in the Simulink environment and simulated referring to the World Motor Drive Test Cycle (WMTC) as drive cycle.
The introduction does not consider some articles published, that deal experimental and theoretical studies on innovative proton and anion exchange membrane fuel cell system for automotive applications, so it has to be expanded.
The authors should more highlight the peculiarities of their model respect to the studies of the other authors in the same research field.
A comparison between the theoretical and experimental data also found in literature would be necessary to better validate the simulation model.
Some data (e.g. the type and the main characteristics of the electric motor, threshold values) are necessary and must be added in the manuscript.
Some equations must be more clearly commented.
Most of the figures are not legible due to the too small font size and some figures are not commented or not clearly commented.
The manuscript is suitable to be published in this journal; however, major revisions should be made by authors before publication.
The reviewer's suggestions, corrections and questions follow to improve the scientific quality of the manuscript:
Abstract
Page 1 line 10: the meaning of the acronym WMTC (World Motor Test Cycle) has to be clearly defined the first time it is introduced.
- Introduction
The authors should more highlight the peculiarities of their model respect to the studies of the other authors in the same research field.
The reviewer does recommend the authors to include the following relevant articles in the research field of proton and anion exchange membrane fuel cell system for automotive applications to broad readership and to improve the reference part:
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2014, 39(24), 12934-12947, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.05.135;
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2017, 42(46), 28034-28047, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.07.239;
- Fuel Cells, 2016, 16(5), 628-639, DOI: 10.1002/fuce.201500174;
- World Electric Vehicle Journal, 2016, 8(1), 131-138; DOI:10.3390/wevj8010131;
- Cogent Engineering, 2017, 4: 1357891, DOI: 10.1080/23311916.2017.1357891;
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2017, 42(33), 21158-21166, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.06.209;
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2017, 42(30), 19556-19575, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.06.106.
2 HEV Design Process
Page 2 line 2: cubic is not a unit, but cubic centimeter is a unit.
2.1 Hub Motor Selection
Page 3 lines 5 and 8. Road inclination is considered constant and equal to 5° and the maximum velocity is equal to 35 km/h. Why?
Page 3 lines 13-15. After the sentence: “Based on these Power requirement calculations, usually, 1.2 times higher Motor power is practically chosen considering it's the proper fitment in the wheel Rim.” a reference is necessary and it has to be added.
2.2 Battery Pack selection
Table 2: Charging mode: what is the CA unit?
2.3 Throttle Integration
Page 4 line 4: The sentence: “Various possibilities for combined throttle have experimented” has to be corrected.
There two subparagraphs 2.3.
2.4 IMU sensor-based Data Acquisition System (DAS)
Figure 3 has to be commented. The figure is not legible due to the too small font size.
What is the difference between the actual velocity and vehicle velocity?
Page 5 lines 13-14: The sentence: “The actual and estimated velocity is plotted in the Matlab environment as shown in Figure 4” contains errors and it has to be corrected.
Figure 5: What is SOC consumption? The figure is not clear and not commented.
3.2 Motor mode
Type and main characteristics of the electric motor used have to be reported.
Table 5: The values of low and high thresholds for the SOC and of threshold for the torque must be declared. The sentence: “Switching Control irrespective of the Traffic control parameter” is not clear and it has to be better clarified. The word “despiteits” is not correct.
4 HEV Control Strategies
Figure 6 and 7 have to be commented. The figures are not legible due to the too small font size.
Page 9 line 6: the figure number is not correct.
4.1 Fuzzy Logic-based Hybrid Switching Controller
Pages 9-10 lines 15-19: the sentence: “Each parameter is set for [Xmin, Xmax] boundary conditions wherein rules are applied. Here, the SoC parameter is given a trapezoidal membership function with three ranges from its minimum to maximum range. Similarly, all the other parameters are set for the membership functions from their minimum to maximum range. Road traffic conditions lead to a significant effect on fuel consumption. Using transcription data were collected to form an input parameter vector” is repeated twice.
There are two figures 8.
Figures 8, 8bis and 9 are not legible due to the too small font size.
4.2 Neural Network-based Hybrid Switching Controller
Page 11 line 8: the words “and some” are repeated twice.
Figures 11 and 12 are not legible due to the too small font size.
Page 12 lines 8 and 12: the figure numbers are not correct.
The subparagraphs 4.2.1, 4.2.2, 4.2.3 and 4.2.4 are not necessary, because they are used only to define a parameter.
5 Results and Discussion
Page 13 line 2: the unit kmpl is not clear.
Equations 12 and 13 appear not clear and their parameters have to be better commented.
Figure 14 is not legible due to the too small font size.
Page 14 line 1: The values 0.1738 and 0.2158 are reported in incorrect order.
6 Observations
Table 6: The expression: “Hybrid SOC based” is more clear than the simple word: “Hybrid”
A new column with the kilometers traveled is necessary.
Page 14 line 21 the value 2.76784 is not coherent with the value reported in table 6.
References
At reference 17 there is the unclear symbol [1].
Author Response
Dear Sir,
Thank You for your valuable comments after reviewing my article.
Below are the major modifications done in the manuscript:
Abstract
- Page 1 line 19 The meaning acronym WMTC has clearly defined as per suggestion.
- Introduction
- Highlighted on the peculiarities of the model respect to the studies of the other authors in the same research field.
2 HEV Design Process
Page 2 line 42: The cubic capacity is replaced by cubic centimetre as a unit.
2.1 Hub Motor Selection
Page 4 lines 3. The maximum road inclination is considered constant and equal to 5° (reference added for 5° inclination) and the maximum velocity is equal to 35 km/hr for range extension in urban area.
Page 4 lines 19 Motor selection factor reference is mentioned and motor torque characteristics are given.
2.2 Battery Pack selection
Table 2: Charging mode: CA is the acronym of “Cold Amps” and added as a unit.
2.3 Throttle Integration
Page 6 line 2: The sentence: “Various possibilities for combined throttle have experimented” has been modified for throttle integration part.
The two subparagraphs are modified for proper clarification of the throttle integration experiments and design.
2.4 IMU sensor-based Data Acquisition System (DAS)
Figure 4 description is added for better understanding and text font was 12 and modified to 14 with enlarged view.
Page 6 lines 33: The velocities shown in figure, it’s nomenclature and method of data acquisition is explained
Figure 5: description of figure is added for better understanding. (page 8, line 2)
3.2 Motor mode
Page 4 line 21 characteristics of the electrical motor is added.
Table 5: thresholds of SoC, torque demanded and velocity are added for better understanding. (page 10, line 24)
4 HEV Control Strategies
Figure 6 added the more description for better understanding with addition of figures.
Figure numbers are corrected.
4.1 Fuzzy Logic-based Hybrid Switching Controller
Few of the sentences were repeated and deleted.
Figure numbers are corrected.
Figures enlarged for better visibility
4.2 Neural Network-based Hybrid Switching Controller
The words “and some” was repeated twice earlier and deleted one.
Figures 15 and 16 are enlarged for better visibility
The figure numbers are corrected.
Page 17 line 26: The subparagraphs of 4.2 are combined in single paragraph without equations
5 Results and Discussion
Page 17 line 26: the unit kmpl is changed to km/litre unit
Figure 18 Font size is increased from 12 to 14
Page 18 line 21: The values 0.1738 and 0.2158 were reported in incorrect order earlier, now order is corrected.
6 Observations
Table 6: The expression: “Hybrid” is replaced by “Hybrid SOC based” for ease of understanding.
Point 5 Results and Discussion line 2 details that distance covered with chosen drive cycle is 18.86 kms. Hence, tests are conducted for the same input drive cycle for 18.86 km distance for three hybrid methods and energy is tabulated in observations.
Page 19 line 19 the value corrected to 2.7756
References
At reference 17 the inappropriate symbol [1] is removed.
Newly referred papers were added in references.
Author Response File: 
Author Response.docx
Reviewer 2 Report
1. Formally, you need to adjust the quality of some images. E.g. the FIG. 6, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 are difficult to read.
2. On page 10 are two pictures numbered 8.
3. Missing description of abbreviations used.
4. It is not entirely clear from the article whether the given strategies were verified only by simulation or also in practice. If they were verified only by simulation, it is not entirely clear to me why the authors included in the article e.g. subchapter 2.3 Throttle Integration.
5. The article does not provide some important information such as what type of electric motor was used, what converter for its power supply, what were the parameters of these elements? It is important to state this in terms of assessing the appropriateness of the design of individual control strategies.
6. The introduction of the article is very poorly processed, it is necessary to elaborate the issue in more detail, describe in more detail the strategies published in other articles and describe how the already published strategies are different of the authors' proposal.
7. The description of the design of individual presented management strategies is insufficient. E.g. in Fuzzy control, it would be appropriate to provide at least a table of rules, shapes of individual functions of affiliation and so on. In NN controler it is not clear e.g. what type of network was used, what learning algorithm, what network configuration was, learning was offline or online, what samples the network was learned on, and so on.
8. I consider the testing of the presented methods to be insufficient. There is a lack of more testing data to draw conclusions. Basic information on testing is also missing, e.g. how did the testing take place, what were the test conditions set, which was the main criterion for evaluating the given strategies?
9. Are the proposed strategies robust enough? There is a lack of robustness analysis and more detailed discussion.
10. Detailed descriptions of individual courses are missing.
Author Response
Dear Sir,
Thank you for your valuable review comments.
Below are the major modifications done in the manuscript:
- All figures, figure numbers and their sizes are adjusted for better readability.
- Detailed nomenclature is mentioned for all the abbreviations.
- The vehicle is being converted to TTR HEV configuration and the article is for the simulation of the vehicle in Matlab and Simulink. Throttle integration development is completed and the controller development part is in in process. Throttle integration is the must need in practical development. Mechanical and electronic separate throttles are needed to combine which is my own contribution in the article. The throttle characteristics are used in the simulation model and control algorithms are verified.
- The details of electric motors, converter etc. are added for better clarity.
- The introduction section is added with similar papers and how proposed paper is different than others.
- The description of the design of individual presented management strategies are added in detail as per suggestion.
- Conclusion in based on simulation results and verified on the theoretical calculations. As controller development is in progress, actual testing data is not included in this paper.
- Model is verified for real values of parameters.
- More description is added for individual component.
Author Response File: Author Response.docx
Round 2
Reviewer 1 Report
The authors of the manuscript entitled “Neural network and Fuzzy Control based Energy Optimization for the switching in Parallel Hybrid Two-wheeler” did not make and follow all the reviewer’s corrections and suggestions, so a further small improvement is necessary.
The reviewer's suggestions and corrections follow to improve the scientific quality of the manuscript:
1. Introduction
The reviewer does recommend the authors to include the following relevant articles in the research field of proton and anion exchange membrane fuel cell system for vehicle applications to broad readership and to improve the reference part:
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2014, 39(24), 12934-12947, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.05.135;
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2017, 42(46), 28034-28047, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.07.239;
- Fuel Cells, 2016, 16(5), 628-639, DOI: 10.1002/fuce.201500174;
- World Electric Vehicle Journal, 2016, 8(1), 131-138; DOI:10.3390/wevj8010131;
- Cogent Engineering, 2017, 4: 1357891, DOI: 10.1080/23311916.2017.1357891;
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2017, 42(33), 21158-21166, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.06.209;
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2017, 42(30), 19556-19575, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.06.106.
2.3 Throttle Integration
There two subparagraphs 2.3. The subparagraph numeration has to be corrected.
2.5 IMU sensor-based Data Acquisition System (DAS)
Page 9 lines 14-15: The sentence: “The actual vehicle velocity and calculated velocity from IMUs acceleration are plotted in the Matlab environment as shown in Figure 6.” contained an error, which was corrected and bold highlighted.
Figure 7: If SoC consumption is the battery energy utilized by the vehicle to propel the vehicle concerning specified GVW on the x-axis, why it is shown as a dimensionless parameter in the figure?
4 HEV Control Design Parameters
Table 7: The corrected sentence is: “If the vehicle speed is higher than a threshold, then no traffic condition is detected”.
Author Response
Dear Sir,
Made all necessary corrections in the paper and added Hydrogen based references.
SoC value is in percentage.
All modifications for hydrogen references are in RED text.
Reviewer 2 Report
The article is acceptable in its current form
Author Response
Thank you Sir
