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Article

Research on Metal and Living Foreign Object Detection Method for Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging System

1
School of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
2
State Grid Fuzhou Power Supply Company, Fuzhou 350004, China
3
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
World Electr. Veh. J. 2024, 15(1), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15010034
Submission received: 14 December 2023 / Revised: 9 January 2024 / Accepted: 10 January 2024 / Published: 22 January 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Power Transfer Technology for Electric Vehicles)

Abstract

In the electric vehicle wireless power transmission system, the high-frequency alternating magnetic field between the transmitter and receiver can have a certain impact on the health of living organisms and may even lead to lesions. In addition, metal foreign objects in an alternating magnetic field can cause their own heating or even cause fires due to the eddy current effect, so foreign object detection is an essential function in the wireless power transmission system of electric vehicles. In order to prevent metals and living organisms from entering the charging area and causing harm to the charging system and living organisms, this paper proposes a method for detecting living organisms and metal foreign objects. Firstly, the equivalent circuits for the detection systems of the living organism foreign objects and metal foreign objects are established, respectively, and the working theory of the detection system is analyzed by deriving equations. Secondly, the comb capacitor simulation model was constructed, and the comb capacitor electrode spacing, wire thickness, and capacitor spacing were designed based on the scale factor γ to explore the effects of the height and bottom area of the living organism’s foreign object on the comb capacitor. We constructed a simulation model of the detection coil and designed the inner diameter D, the number of turns N, and the wire spacing S of the detection coil according to the scale factor β. An arrayed detection coil and comb capacitor combination mode is proposed to realize the function of the simultaneous detection of metal and living organism foreign objects, and a compensation capacitor is introduced to keep the detection system in a resonant state. Lastly, a platform for foreign object detection experiments was set up to detect metal screws and beef chunks compared to the detection area without foreign objects. Metal screws entering the detection area cause a 20% voltage drop in the detection circuit resistor, and beef chunks entering the detection area cause a 30% voltage drop in the detection circuit resistor, so the detection method is effective in detecting both metals and living organisms. The feasibility of the combined mode of arrayed detection coils and comb capacitors was verified.
Keywords: comb capacitors; detection coils; compensation capacitors; electric vehicles; wireless power transmission; foreign object detection comb capacitors; detection coils; compensation capacitors; electric vehicles; wireless power transmission; foreign object detection

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Cai, S.; Liu, Z.; Luo, X.; Shi, Z.; Xie, Y.; Wang, J.; Li, X.; Hou, S.; Zhao, Q. Research on Metal and Living Foreign Object Detection Method for Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging System. World Electr. Veh. J. 2024, 15, 34. https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15010034

AMA Style

Cai S, Liu Z, Luo X, Shi Z, Xie Y, Wang J, Li X, Hou S, Zhao Q. Research on Metal and Living Foreign Object Detection Method for Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging System. World Electric Vehicle Journal. 2024; 15(1):34. https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15010034

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cai, Shengkun, Zhizhen Liu, Xueqing Luo, Zhuoqun Shi, Yuxin Xie, Jintao Wang, Xianglin Li, Siyu Hou, and Qingyun Zhao. 2024. "Research on Metal and Living Foreign Object Detection Method for Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging System" World Electric Vehicle Journal 15, no. 1: 34. https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15010034

APA Style

Cai, S., Liu, Z., Luo, X., Shi, Z., Xie, Y., Wang, J., Li, X., Hou, S., & Zhao, Q. (2024). Research on Metal and Living Foreign Object Detection Method for Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging System. World Electric Vehicle Journal, 15(1), 34. https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj15010034

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