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Infectious Disease Reports
Volume 7
Issue 4
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Infectious Disease Reports is published by MDPI from Volume 12 Issue 3 (2020). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with PAGEPress.

Infect. Dis. Rep., Volume 7, Issue 4 (December 2015) – 6 articles

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Article
Access to Safe Water and Personal Hygiene Practices in the Kulandia Refugee Camp (Jerusalem)
by Mohamad Issa, Michael McHenry, Abdul Aziz Issa and R. Alexander Blackwood
Infect. Dis. Rep. 2015, 7(4), 6040; https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2015.6040 - 23 Dec 2015
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 983
Abstract
Diarrheal illness, frequently associated with fecal-oral transmission, is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It is commonly preventable through the implementation of safe water practices. This experiment concerns how to best implement safe water practices in a quasi-permanent refugee camp setting [...] Read more.
Diarrheal illness, frequently associated with fecal-oral transmission, is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It is commonly preventable through the implementation of safe water practices. This experiment concerns how to best implement safe water practices in a quasi-permanent refugee camp setting with limited ability for structural changes. Specifically, we explore how health promotion activities that help identify target groups for hygiene interventions can play a role in disease prevention. An anonymous survey was conducted at the United Nations Relief and Works Agency Health Clinic in the Kulandia refugee camp to assess the safe water and personal hygiene practices. Demographic and social characteristics, accessible water and personal hygiene characteristics, and gastrointestinal (GI) burden for individuals and their households were assessed. A total of 96 individuals were enrolled; 62 females and 34 males. Approximately 58% of the sample had soap available and washed hands before and after eating and when preparing food. Piped water was the main source of drinking water (62%), while 31% of our sample utilized tanker-trucks. 93% of participants had access to toilet facilities, with 86% of these facilities being private households. 55% practice extra water hygiene measures on their household drinking water source. 51.3% considered vendor cleanliness when they were buying food. 51% had received formal health education. 68.8% had been taught by their parents, but only 55.2% were teaching their children and 15.6% had consistent access to a health professional for hygiene inquiries. Individual variables and hygiene practices associated with lower rates of diarrheal illnesses included having water piped into the home, proper hand washing, adequate soap availability, proper consideration of vendor cleanliness, higher income, levels of education, health hygiene education, and having access to healthcare professions to discuss hygiene related matters. This is the first study to assess the water and personal hygiene practices at the Kulandia refugee ramp. This study demonstrates that hygiene education and better practices are closely associated with the rate at which individuals and households suffer from diarrheal illnesses within the Kulandia refugee camp. There are significant hygiene deficits in the camp, which likely result from a lack of formal hygiene education and a lack of awareness concerning the connection between diarrheal illness and hygiene. With respect to practices, our results elucidate several areas where basic, communal programming – including lessons on appropriate hand washing and food preparation – will likely improve hygiene practices and decrease overall GI burden. Full article
504 KiB  
Reply
Reply to: “The Possible Role of Anti-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Antimicrobial Agents in Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis”
by Marco Falcone, Alessandro Russo, Manuela Merli and Mario Venditti
Infect. Dis. Rep. 2015, 7(4), 6356; https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2015.6356 - 22 Dec 2015
Viewed by 385
Abstract
We thank Drs. Fiore and Andreana for their comments about our paper.[...] Full article
676 KiB  
Case Report
Post Liposuction Mycobacterium Abscessus Surgical Site Infection in a Returned Medical Tourist Complicated by a Paradoxical Reaction during Treatment
by Siong H. Hui, Lisa Noonan and Ruchir Chavada
Infect. Dis. Rep. 2015, 7(4), 6304; https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2015.6304 - 22 Dec 2015
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 590
Abstract
Rapidly growing mycobacterial skin and soft tissue infections are known to complicate cosmetic surgical procedures. Treatment consists of more surgery and prolonged antibiotic therapy guided by drug susceptibility testing. Paradoxical reactions occurring during antibiotic therapy can further complicate treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections. [...] Read more.
Rapidly growing mycobacterial skin and soft tissue infections are known to complicate cosmetic surgical procedures. Treatment consists of more surgery and prolonged antibiotic therapy guided by drug susceptibility testing. Paradoxical reactions occurring during antibiotic therapy can further complicate treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections. We report a case of post liposuction Mycobacterium abscessus surgical site infection in a returned medical tourist and occurrence of paradox during treatment. Full article
502 KiB  
Comment
The Possible Role of Anti-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Antimicrobial Agents in Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
by Marco Fiore and Lorenzo Andreana
Infect. Dis. Rep. 2015, 7(4), 6286; https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2015.6286 - 22 Dec 2015
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 440
Abstract
We read with great interest the case report by Falcone et al. on the treatment of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with high vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value.[...] Full article
603 KiB  
Case Report
Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis by Epstein-Barr virus Infection: A Rare Association
by Liliana Branco, Maria Vieira, Cristiana Couto, Maria D. Coelho and Carla Laranjeira
Infect. Dis. Rep. 2015, 7(4), 6184; https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2015.6184 - 22 Dec 2015
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 528
Abstract
Acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) is a rare complication of Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection, with only a few cases reported among pediatric population. This clinical condition is frequently associated with a favorable outcome and, usually, a surgical intervention is not required. We report [...] Read more.
Acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) is a rare complication of Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection, with only a few cases reported among pediatric population. This clinical condition is frequently associated with a favorable outcome and, usually, a surgical intervention is not required. We report a 16-year-old girl who presented with AAC following primary EBV infection. The diagnosis of AAC was documented by clinical and ultrasonographic examination, whereas EBV infection was confirmed serologically. A conservative treatment was performed, with a careful monitoring and serial ultrasonographic examinations, which led to the clinical improvement of the patient. Pediatricians should be aware of the possible association between EBV and AAC, in order to offer the patients an appropriate management strategy. Full article
673 KiB  
Case Report
Reversible Deafness and Blindness in a Patient with Cryptococcal Meningitis in Tanzania
by Matt Douglas-Vail, Taylor Bechamp, Simran Gohal, Robert Soegtrop, Sarah Vitali, Joan Rugemalila and Neil R.H. Stone
Infect. Dis. Rep. 2015, 7(4), 6173; https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2015.6173 - 22 Dec 2015
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 533
Abstract
Cryptococcal meningitis is a common and devastating complication of advanced HIV, and is most prevalent in low resource settings in sub Saharan Africa. Raised intracranial pressure is one of the hallmarks of the disease, which can lead to visual and hearing loss and [...] Read more.
Cryptococcal meningitis is a common and devastating complication of advanced HIV, and is most prevalent in low resource settings in sub Saharan Africa. Raised intracranial pressure is one of the hallmarks of the disease, which can lead to visual and hearing loss and ultimately death. We present the case of a patient with visual and hearing impairment secondary to Cryptococcal meningitis successfully managed by serial cerebrospinal fluid drainage. This case highlights some of the challenges of managing this severe opportunistic infection in a low resource setting. Full article
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