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International Journal of Plant Biology is published by MDPI from Volume 13 Issue 1 (2022). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with PAGEPress.
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Article

In Vitro Host-Free Seed Culture, Callus Development and Organogenesis of an Obligatory Root-Parasite Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth: The Witch-Weed and Medicinal Plant

by
Faisal Hammad Mekky Koua
1,*,
Fatima Misbah Abbas
2,
Eisa Ibrahim Elgaali
2,
Mutasim Mohammed Khalafallah
2 and
Hind Ahmed Ali Babiker
1
1
Department of Biochemistry, School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science & Technology, Al-Neelain University, P.O. Box 12702, Al-Baladya St., Khartoum, Sudan
2
Commission for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, National Center for Research, Khartoum, Sudan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Plant Biol. 2011, 2(1), e9; https://doi.org/10.4081/pb.2011.e9
Submission received: 15 March 2011 / Revised: 14 June 2011 / Accepted: 1 July 2011 / Published: 28 July 2011

Abstract

Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth a well-known hemi-parasitic weed, it also has been used widely in African folk medicine to remedy broad spectra of diseases. The current contribution is an attempt to establish reproducible in vitro callusing system. In vitro seedling’s stem segments were used as an explant for callus induction, in 1.5% or 3.0% sucrose added into Murashig and Skoog medium (MS) and supplemented with different auxins, α-Naphthalene-3-acetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), or Indole-3-butryic acid (IBA) at different concentrations each alone or in combination with cytokinin 0.5 mgL−1 6-benzyl aminopurine. The most effective auxin was NAA with maximum 79% callus induction rate. All auxin treatments induced callus in all concentration when used alone or combined with BAP, except 2,4-D, which induced the callus only when combined with BAP. A high sucrose concentration was required for high callus induction rate by all auxin treatments. IAA and IBA auxins induced direct shoot regeneration and had low callus induction rates. NAA, IAA and IBA induced organogenic calli, whereas 2,4-D in combination with BAP induced non-organogenic callus. We further screened preliminarily the phytochemical contents of the callus and intact plant, which was revealed the presence of flavonoids, terpenes, saponins, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, tannins and coumarins. Experimental data of both seed culture and callus induction could provide a route to further enhance the efficiency of callus initiation of S. hermonthica for medicinal purposes and understanding the infection mechanism of the witch-weed plant.
Keywords: callus induction; germination stimulant; parasitic plant; seed germination; Striga hermonthica callus induction; germination stimulant; parasitic plant; seed germination; Striga hermonthica

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MDPI and ACS Style

Koua, F.H.M.; Abbas, F.M.; Elgaali, E.I.; Khalafallah, M.M.; Babiker, H.A.A. In Vitro Host-Free Seed Culture, Callus Development and Organogenesis of an Obligatory Root-Parasite Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth: The Witch-Weed and Medicinal Plant. Int. J. Plant Biol. 2011, 2, e9. https://doi.org/10.4081/pb.2011.e9

AMA Style

Koua FHM, Abbas FM, Elgaali EI, Khalafallah MM, Babiker HAA. In Vitro Host-Free Seed Culture, Callus Development and Organogenesis of an Obligatory Root-Parasite Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth: The Witch-Weed and Medicinal Plant. International Journal of Plant Biology. 2011; 2(1):e9. https://doi.org/10.4081/pb.2011.e9

Chicago/Turabian Style

Koua, Faisal Hammad Mekky, Fatima Misbah Abbas, Eisa Ibrahim Elgaali, Mutasim Mohammed Khalafallah, and Hind Ahmed Ali Babiker. 2011. "In Vitro Host-Free Seed Culture, Callus Development and Organogenesis of an Obligatory Root-Parasite Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth: The Witch-Weed and Medicinal Plant" International Journal of Plant Biology 2, no. 1: e9. https://doi.org/10.4081/pb.2011.e9

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