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International Journal of Plant Biology is published by MDPI from Volume 13 Issue 1 (2022). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with PAGEPress.
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Article

Pulasan [(Nephelium ramboutan-ake (Labill.) Leenh.] Fruit Trees: Variations in Flower Morphology, and Associated Differences in Pollination Type

by
Nina Ratna Djuita
1,2,
Alex Hartana
2,
Tatik Chikmawati
2,* and
D. Dorly
2
1
Plant Biology Graduate Program, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Dramaga Campus, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Plant Biol. 2016, 7(1), 6149; https://doi.org/10.4081/pb.2016.6149
Submission received: 14 August 2015 / Revised: 8 October 2015 / Accepted: 8 October 2015 / Published: 25 July 2016

Abstract

Pulasan (Nephelium ramboutan-ake) is a species of Sapindaceae which has hermaphrodite and staminate flowers on different trees. Morphological flower structures and pollination types of the pulasan fruit tree have not previously been reported thoroughly. This study was undertaken to observe the reproductive structure of flowers, and to examine its correlation with pulasan pollination type. A total of 67 hermaphrodite and 14 male trees of pulasan were observed. Some hermaphrodite inflorescences were covered using cloth bags for between four and six weeks to calculate number of fruit, and to determine their pollination system. The number of individual flowers per inflorescence on male pulasan trees was higher than for hermaphrodite ones. Panicles and spikes were found on both types of pulasan inflorescence. Flowers having four sepals was the commonest structure in both flower types. However, five stamens were commonly found in hermaphrodite flowers, while male flowers often had six. In general, stigma were curved in shape, with modification in some flowers. Anther of hermaphrodite pulasan flowers naturally never open, although their pollen is viable, so there is a mechanical barrier for self-pollination. It was concluded that pulasan tends to be an allogamous plant.
Keywords: flower structure; allogamy; viable pollen flower structure; allogamy; viable pollen

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MDPI and ACS Style

Djuita, N.R.; Hartana, A.; Chikmawati, T.; Dorly, D. Pulasan [(Nephelium ramboutan-ake (Labill.) Leenh.] Fruit Trees: Variations in Flower Morphology, and Associated Differences in Pollination Type. Int. J. Plant Biol. 2016, 7, 6149. https://doi.org/10.4081/pb.2016.6149

AMA Style

Djuita NR, Hartana A, Chikmawati T, Dorly D. Pulasan [(Nephelium ramboutan-ake (Labill.) Leenh.] Fruit Trees: Variations in Flower Morphology, and Associated Differences in Pollination Type. International Journal of Plant Biology. 2016; 7(1):6149. https://doi.org/10.4081/pb.2016.6149

Chicago/Turabian Style

Djuita, Nina Ratna, Alex Hartana, Tatik Chikmawati, and D. Dorly. 2016. "Pulasan [(Nephelium ramboutan-ake (Labill.) Leenh.] Fruit Trees: Variations in Flower Morphology, and Associated Differences in Pollination Type" International Journal of Plant Biology 7, no. 1: 6149. https://doi.org/10.4081/pb.2016.6149

APA Style

Djuita, N. R., Hartana, A., Chikmawati, T., & Dorly, D. (2016). Pulasan [(Nephelium ramboutan-ake (Labill.) Leenh.] Fruit Trees: Variations in Flower Morphology, and Associated Differences in Pollination Type. International Journal of Plant Biology, 7(1), 6149. https://doi.org/10.4081/pb.2016.6149

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