Pancreatoduodenectomy for Trauma: Applying Novel Reconstruction Techniques

This single center study evaluated the technical modifications and outcome of reconstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy for trauma. Prospectively recorded data including reconstructive techniques used in patients who underwent a pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for trauma were analyzed. Twenty patients underwent a PD. Six had an initial damage control procedure. Thirteen had a pylorus-preserving PD and 7 a standard Whipple resection because injury to the pylorus precluded a pylorus-preserving resection. Twelve patients had a pancreatojejunostomy and 8 a pancreatogastrostomy, 3 of whom had a duodenojejunal hepaticojejunal sequence of anastomoses to allow endoscopic biliary stent retrieval. Three patients died postoperatively of multi-organ failure. All 17 survivors had postoperative complications: 5 patients developed pancreatic fistula, 2 had gastric outlet obstruction, 2 had bile leaks, 2 had duodenal anastomotic leaks, all of which resolved with conservative treatment. Pancreatic and biliary reconstructions performed under adverse conditions after a trauma PD required a variety of technical modifications. The pylorus does not have to be sacrificed and posterior gastric implantation is a safe option for an edematous pancreas.