Composition of a Soil Organic Carbon Increment under Different Vegetable Cultivation Patterns: A Study Using Three SOC Pools
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Soil Sampling and Analysis
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Soil Properties
3.2. SOC and SOC Pool Variations
3.3. Proportions of SOC Increment
4. Discussion
4.1. SOC Increment Under Vegetable Cultivation
4.2. SOC Pool Variations of the Increment
4.3. Effect of Vegetable Cultivation Pattern on the Stability of SOC
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix
References
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Sampling Site | Cultivation Pattern | n plots | Vegetable Rotation Type | Tillage Times per Year | Chemical Fertilizer | Organic Fertilizer |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
t ha−1 yr−1 | ||||||
Xihe | Open field (OF) | 4 | garlic–maize | 1 | 0.7–1.5 | 0.8–1 (Bean cake) |
Reference field (RFOF) | 1 | wheat–maize | 1 | <0.5 | - | |
Bulou | Seasonal greenhouse (SG) | 4 | pepper–watermelon | 2–4 | 1.1–1.5 | 10–12 (Chicken manure) |
Reference field (RFSG) | 1 | wheat–maize | 1 | <0.5 | - | |
Xiecun | Permanent greenhouse (PG) | 3 | cucumber–pepper | 2–4 | 3–3.5 | 20–40 (Chicken manure) |
Reference field (RFPG) | 1 | wheat–maize | 1 | <1.0 | - |
Cultivation Method | sand | silt | clay | pH | Available P | Available K |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | mg kg−1 | |||||
RFOF a) | 22.1 | 47.9 | 30.0 | 6.4 | 24 | 104 |
OF | 12.9 | 43.5 | 43.6 | 7.6 | 13 | 176 |
One-sample t test | ns | * | ns | * | ns | * |
RFSG | 18.6 | 51.4 | 30.1 | 6.5 | 28 | 107 |
SG | 8.0 | 51.9 | 40.2 | 6.5 | 130 | 283 |
One-sample t test | * | ns | ns | ns | * | ** |
RFPG | 17.6 | 64.4 | 18 | 6.8 | 113 | 156 |
PG | 14.0 | 65.0 | 21.0 | 5.90 | 257 | 363 |
One-sample t test | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns |
Cultivation Pattern | SOC | Ca | Cs | Cr |
---|---|---|---|---|
g kg−1 | ||||
OF | 4.26 ± 1.08 ab | 0.28 ± 0.08 a | 2.52 ± 1.40 a | 1.47 ± 1.51 b |
SG | 5.15 ± 0.82 a | 0.19 ± 0.14 a | 0.69 ± 0.82 b | 4.27 ± 1.53 a |
PG | 2.71 ± 1.63 b | 0.12 ± 0.06 a | 1.42 ± 0.79 ab | 1.17 ± 0.81 b |
Cultivation pattern (F value) | ns | ns | ns | 5.82* |
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Liu, Y.; Liu, X.; Feng, Y.; Yu, D.; Shi, X. Composition of a Soil Organic Carbon Increment under Different Vegetable Cultivation Patterns: A Study Using Three SOC Pools. Sustainability 2019, 11, 35. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11010035
Liu Y, Liu X, Feng Y, Yu D, Shi X. Composition of a Soil Organic Carbon Increment under Different Vegetable Cultivation Patterns: A Study Using Three SOC Pools. Sustainability. 2019; 11(1):35. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11010035
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Yang, Xiaoyu Liu, Yanfang Feng, Dongsheng Yu, and Xuezheng Shi. 2019. "Composition of a Soil Organic Carbon Increment under Different Vegetable Cultivation Patterns: A Study Using Three SOC Pools" Sustainability 11, no. 1: 35. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11010035