Assisting Sustainable Entrepreneurial Activities Through the Analysis of Mobile IT Services’ Success and Failure Factors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Theoretical Discussion and Hypotheses
2.1. Mobile IT Services
2.2. Factors and Criteria for IT Service Success and Failure
2.2.1. Maturity of the Platform Business
2.2.2. Establishment of Interests
2.2.3. Ecosystem Establishment
2.2.4. Technical Completeness
2.2.5. Size of the Launching Enterprise
2.2.6. PC Interconnection
2.2.7. Consumer Pricing Strategies
2.2.8. Innovations in New Technology
3. Research Methodology
3.1. Research Model
3.2. IT Service Case Selection
3.3. Survey to IT Entrepreneurs
4. Empirical Analysis
4.1. Survey
4.2. Results of the t-Test
4.3. Results of Logistic Regression
4.4. Hypothesis Verification Results
5. Discussion
5.1. Conclusions and Implications
5.2. Limitations and Future Recommendations
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Name | Model | Enterprise | Category | Launching | General Outline |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T Map | Merchant | SK Telecom | Information | 2002 | Mobile Navigator |
Gifticon | Two-Sided | SK Telecom | Shopping | 2014 | Real-trade Commerce Solutions |
Naver Camera | Merchant | Naver | Life | 2015 | Smart Camera |
Market Kurly | Two-Sided | Kurly | Shopping | 2016 | Premium Food Shopping mall |
Moneta Card | Merchant | SK Telecom | Finance | 2011 | First Mobile Care |
Baedal Minjok | Two-Sided | Woowa Brothers | Life | 2010 | Delivery Relay Service |
Bank Wallet | Merchant | KHTC | Finance | 2013 | Mobile Electric Wallet |
Blue link | Merchant | Hyundai Motors | Maintenance | 2011 | Connected Car Service |
Beat | Merchant | Beat | Music | 2014 | Free Music Streaming Service |
Samsung Pay | Two-Sided | Samsung electronics | Finance | 2015 | Mobile Payment |
Golfzon | Merchant | Golfzon | Leisure | 2014 | Golf Simulator |
Syrup Order | Two-Sided | SK Planet | Shopping | 2014 | O2O Pre-order and Pick-up |
Socar | Merchant | Socar | Transportation | 2011 | Car Sharing |
Wibitalk | Two-Sided | Woori Bank | Finance | 2016 | Mobile Finance Platform |
The Pirates | Two-Sided | The Pirates | Shopping | 2013 | Fish Market Linked Market Service |
Jeongyookgak | Merchant | Jeongyookgak | Shopping | 2016 | Livestock Distribution Start-up |
Kakao Bank | Merchant | Kakao | Finance | 2016 | Online Bank |
Kakao Taxi | Two-Sided | Kakao | Transportation | 2015 | Mobile call Taxi Connection Service |
Coocha | Two-Sided | Coocha | Shopping | 2015 | Hot Deal Comparing Shopping Platform |
Coupang | Two-Sided | Coupang | Shopping | 2013 | Distribution Specialized e-Commerce |
T Money | Merchant | KSCC | Finance | 2003 | O2O Payment Platform |
Hwahae | Two-Sided | Birdview | Beauty | 2013 | Cosmetic Information Service |
Appendix B
Service | Category | Establishment of Interest | Eco System Establishment | Technical Completeness | Success/Failure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 (Strongly Disagree) to 7 (Strongly Agree) | |||||
T Map | Information | ||||
Gifticon | Shopping | ||||
Naver Camera | Life | ||||
Market Kurly | Shopping | ||||
Moneta Card | Finance | ||||
Baedal Minjok | Life | ||||
Bank Wallet | Finance | ||||
Blue link | Maintenance | ||||
Beat | Music | ||||
Samsung Pay | Finance | ||||
Golfzon | Leisure | ||||
Syrup Order | Shopping | ||||
Socar | Transportation | ||||
Wibeetalk | Finance | ||||
The Pirates | Shopping | ||||
Jeongyookgak | Shopping | ||||
Kakao Bank | Finance | ||||
Kakao Taxi | Transportation | ||||
Coocha | Shopping | ||||
Coupang | Information | ||||
T Money | Shopping | ||||
Hwahae | Beauty |
Appendix C
Service | Size of Launching Enterprise | PC Interconnection | Consumer Charging | Introduction of New Technology |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 (Small) or 1 (Big) | 0 (No) or 1 (Yes) | 0 (No) or 1 (Yes) | 0 (No) or 1 (Yes) | |
T Map | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Gifticon | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Naver Camera | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Market Kurly | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Moneta Card | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Baedal Minjok | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Bank Wallet | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Blue link | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Beat | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Samsung Pay | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Golfzon | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Syrup Order | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Socar | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Wibeetalk | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
The Pirates | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Jeongyookgak | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Kakao Bank | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Kakao Taxi | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Coocha | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Coupang | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
T Money | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Hwahae | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Appendix D
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Type | Name | Enterprise | Category | Index |
---|---|---|---|---|
Merchant Model | T Map | SK Telecom | Telecommunication | Information |
Golfzon | Golfzon | Leisure | Entertainment | |
Naver Camera | Naver | Life | Productivity | |
Moneta Card | SK Telecom | Finance | Productivity | |
Bank Wallet | Bank union | Finance | Productivity | |
Bluelink | Hyundai Motors | Maintenance | Productivity | |
Beat | Beat | Music | Entertainment | |
Socar | Socar | Transportation | Productivity | |
Jeongyookgak | Jeongyookgak | Shopping | Information | |
Kakao Bank | Kakao | Finance | Productivity | |
T Money | KSCC | Finance | Productivity | |
Two-Sided Model | Gifticon | SK Telecom | Shopping | Productivity |
Market Kurly | Kurly | Shopping | Information | |
Baedal Minjok | Woowa Brothers | Life | Information | |
Samsung Pay | Samsung Electronics | Finance | Productivity | |
Syrup | SK Planet | Shopping | Productivity | |
Wibee Talk | Woori Bank | Finance | Productivity | |
The Pirates | The Pirates | Shopping | Information | |
Kakao Taxi | Kakao | Transportation | Information | |
Coocha | Coocha | Shopping | Information | |
Coupang | Coupang | Shopping | Information | |
Hwahae | Birdview | Beauty | Information |
No. | Age | Profession | Career (years) | Location |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 49 | Consulting | 20 | Seoul |
2 | 40 | Consulting | 18 | Seoul |
3 | 35 | Education | 8 | Seoul |
4 | 39 | Operation | 6 | Seoul |
5 | 35 | Planning | 9 | Seoul |
6 | 36 | Analysis | 8 | Seoul |
7 | 37 | Planning | 7 | Seoul |
8 | 31 | Planning | 7 | Gyeonggi |
9 | 35 | Finance | 9 | Seoul |
10 | 35 | Planning | 3 | Gyeonggi |
11 | 37 | Marketing | 11 | Seoul |
Questionnaire | Source |
---|---|
Establishment of Interests | Kim et al. [36], Smedlund [37], Parker and Van Alstyne [38], West [39], Boudreau [40], Parker and Van Alstyne [41] |
Ecosystem Establishment | Iansiti and Levien [42], Kim and Lee [43], Bell and Koren [44], Jenner [45], Narayanan and Shmatikov [46] |
Technical Completeness | Song et al. [48], Jung and Lee [49], Chung and Kwon [50], Al-Jabri and Sohail [51], Lin [52] |
Category | N | Min. | Max. | Mean | SD | Skewness | Kurtosis |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Establishment of Interests | 242 | 1 | 7 | 4.541 | 1.7759 | −0.154 | −1.04 |
Ecosystem Establishment | 242 | 1 | 7 | 4.533 | 1.8085 | −0.16 | −1.115 |
Technical Completeness | 242 | 1 | 7 | 4.744 | 1.6575 | −0.286 | −0.825 |
Category | Mean | SD | F | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Success | Failure | Success | Failure | ||
Establishment of Interests | 5.504 | 3.198 | 1.3073 | 1.4424 | −12.746 * |
Ecosystem Establishment | 5.723 | 2.871 | 1.1026 | 1.1804 | −19.049 * |
Technical Completeness | 5.574 | 3.584 | 1.1846 | 1.5249 | −10.960 * |
Category | Mean | SD | F | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Success | Failure | Success | Failure | ||
Establishment of Interests | 5.514 | 3.020 | 1.3593 | 1.4898 | −9.435 * |
Ecosystem Establishment | 5.700 | 2.784 | 1.1715 | 1.2380 | −13.084 * |
Technical Completeness | 5.543 | 3.765 | 1.2294 | 1.6922 | −6.420 * |
Category | Mean | SD | F | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Success | Failure | Success | Failure | ||
Establishment of Interests | 5.493 | 3.380 | 1.2635 | 1.3834 | −8.572 * |
Ecosystem Establishment | 5.746 | 2.960 | 1.0381 | 1.1241 | −13.854 * |
Technical Completeness | 5.606 | 3.400 | 1.1769 | 1.3248 | −9.438 * |
Category | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Success Status | 1 | ||||||||||
2. Platform Status | 0.008 | 1 | |||||||||
Subjective Evaluation Factors | 3. Establishment of Interests | 0.642 ** | 0.044 | 1 | |||||||
4. Ecosystem Establishment | 0.779 ** | 0.034 | 0.795 ** | 1 | |||||||
5. Technical Completeness | 0.593 ** | −0.030 | 0.601 ** | 0.663 ** | 1 | ||||||
Objective Evaluation Factors | 6. In-App Purchase | −0.253 ** | 0.236 ** | −0.204 ** | −0.305 ** | −0.212 ** | 1 | ||||
7. Payment Paid | 0.002 | −0.183 ** | 0.012 | 0.044 | −0.091 | −0.516 ** | 1 | ||||
8. PC Interconnection | 0.109 | 0.273 ** | 0.054 | 0.089 | −0.040 | 0.236 ** | 0.000 | 1 | |||
9. Venture Status | −0.150 * | −0.183 ** | −0.044 | −0.121 | 0.014 | −0.280 ** | 0.083 | −0.548 ** | 1 | ||
10. New Technology Leaderships | 0.267 ** | 0.488 ** | 0.219 ** | 0.271 ** | 0.141 * | −0.184 ** | −0.036 | −0.098 | −0.232 ** | 1 |
Category | B | S.E. | Wald | P | Exp(B) | 95.0% C.I. for EXP(B) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | ||||||
Ecosystem Establishment | 1.802 | 0.274 | 43.293 | 0.000 *** | 6.059 | 3.543 | 10.362 |
Technical Completeness | 0.703 | 0.243 | 8.377 | 0.004 *** | 2.02 | 1.255 | 3.252 |
Constant | 10.622 | 1.693 | 39.375 | 0 | 0 |
Category | B | S.E. | Wald | P | Exp(B) | 95.0% C.I. for EXP(B) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | ||||||
Ecosystem Establishment | 1.619 | 0.429 | 14.259 | 0.000 *** | 5.05 | 2.179 | 11.705 |
Technical Completeness | 0.762 | 0.371 | 4.227 | 0.040 ** | 2.143 | 1.036 | 4.434 |
PC Interconnection | 3.756 | 1.171 | 10.281 | 0.001 *** | 42.773 | 4.306 | 424.863 |
New Technology Leadership | 1.908 | 0.903 | 4.465 | 0.035 ** | 6.738 | 1.148 | 39.546 |
Constant | −12.042 | 2.835 | 18.048 | 0 | 0 |
Category | B | S.E. | Wald | P | Exp(B) | 95.0% C.I. for EXP(B) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | ||||||
Ecosystem Establishment | 1.934 | 0.431 | 20.11 | 0.000 *** | 6.919 | 2.971 | 16.114 |
Technical Completeness | 0.935 | 0.426 | 4.821 | 0.028 ** | 2.546 | 1.106 | 5.864 |
Constant | −12.328 | 2.829 | 18.996 | 0.000 *** | 0 |
Hypothesis | Keyword | Service Total | Merchant Model | Two-Sided Model | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
H1 | The success factors of mobile IT services are affected by the level of maturity of the platform business that connects service providers and users. | Maturity of the Platform Business | Reject | - | - |
H2-1 | Differentiating from services launched in the existing market has a positive impact on the success of mobile IT services. | Establishment of Interests | Reject | Reject | Reject |
H2-2 | Providers offering borderless services through the ecosystem with various channels will have a positive impact on the success of mobile IT services. | Ecosystem Establishment | Accept | Accept | Accept |
H2-3 | Technical completeness will have a positive impact on the success of mobile IT services. | Technical Completeness | Accept | Accept | Accept |
H3-1 | The development and rollout of mobile IT services by small and medium venture firms have a negative impact on success. | Venture Launching | Reject | Accept | Reject |
H3-2 | Providing expanded services in conjunction with PC will have a positive impact on the success of mobile IT services. | PC Interconnection | Reject | Accept | Reject |
H3-3 | Paid services for users will have a negative impact on the success of mobile IT services. | Consumer Charging | Reject | Reject | Reject |
H3-4 | Leading the market by introducing new technologies with a first mover propensity will have a positive impact on the success of mobile IT services. | New Technology Leadership | Reject | Reject | Reject |
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Yoon, C.H.; Costello, F.J.; Kim, C. Assisting Sustainable Entrepreneurial Activities Through the Analysis of Mobile IT Services’ Success and Failure Factors. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5694. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11205694
Yoon CH, Costello FJ, Kim C. Assisting Sustainable Entrepreneurial Activities Through the Analysis of Mobile IT Services’ Success and Failure Factors. Sustainability. 2019; 11(20):5694. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11205694
Chicago/Turabian StyleYoon, Chang Hee, Francis Joseph Costello, and Cheong Kim. 2019. "Assisting Sustainable Entrepreneurial Activities Through the Analysis of Mobile IT Services’ Success and Failure Factors" Sustainability 11, no. 20: 5694. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11205694