Morpho-Agronomic Characterisation of Runner Bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.) from South-Eastern Europe
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plant Material
2.2. Morpho-Agronomic Characterisation
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. General Variability of the Runner-Beans from South-Eastern Europe
3.2. Comparison of Runner-Bean Variability among the South-Eastern European Countries
4. Discussion and Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Trait Assessed | Code | Units | Range | Mean ± SD | CV (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inflorescences | DAYSBLOS | days | 36–70 | 52 ± 8 | 15.1 |
Leaves | LEAFLENGTH | cm | 4.0–14.0 | 10.1 ± 2.0 | 19.8 |
Plants | HEIGHT | cm | 70.0–500.0 | 326.0 ± 138.0 | 42.5 |
Pods | PODLENGTH | cm | 4.5–18.5 | 10.3 ± 2.3 | 22.4 |
PODWIDTH | mm | 11.9–22.9 | 17.4 ± 2.0 | 11.3 | |
MATURITY | days | 101–170 | 129 ± 14 | 10.9 | |
PODLOCULES | n | 2–7 | 4 ± 1 | 26.4 | |
PODSEED | n | 1–6 | 3 ± 1 | 36.9 | |
Seeds | SEEDLENGTH | mm | 15.5–27.2 | 20.6 ± 2.0 | 9.6 |
SEEDHEIGTH | mm | 6.7–15.5 | 8.8 ± 1.0 | 11.5 | |
SEEDWIDTH | mm | 10.6–16.5 | 13.0 ± 1.2 | 9.0 | |
SEEDHKM | g | 61.9–203.3 | 120.0 ± 25.2 | 21.0 |
Trait | Trait | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | ||
1 | DAYSBLOS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 | BLOSVEX1 | 0.25 b | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 | BLOSVEX2 | 0.17 a | 0.26 b | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4 | BLOSWING1 | 0.26 c | 0.75 c | 0.20 a | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5 | BLOSWING2 | 0.15 | 0.27 c | 0.85 c | 0.21 b | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
6 | LEAFSHAPE | −0.08 | −0.39 c | −0.09 | −0.28 c | −0.17 a | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
7 | LEAFANTHO | 0.24 b | 0.62 c | 0.21 a | 0.39 c | 0.21 b | −0.26 b | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
8 | LEAFLENGTH | 0.19 a | −0.10 | −0.29 c | −0.14 | −0.32 c | 0.06 | −0.13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
9 | TYPE | 0.27 c | 0.12 | −0.07 | 0.10 | −0.07 | 0.03 | 0.10 | 0.22 b | ||||||||||||||||||||||
10 | HEIGHT | 0.48 c | 0.62 c | 0.31 c | 0.47 c | 0.32 c | −0.40 c | 0.39 c | 0.00 | 0.19 a | |||||||||||||||||||||
11 | PODCOLIMM | −0.12 | −0.60 c | −0.11 | −0.31 c | −0.11 | 0.22 b | −0.33 c | −0.02 | −0.14 | −0.38 c | ||||||||||||||||||||
12 | STRING | 0.07 | 0.37 c | 0.15 | 0.20 a | 0.16 | −0.14 | 0.28 c | −0.03 | 0.01 | 0.35 c | −0.08 | |||||||||||||||||||
13 | PODCOLMAT | −0.18 a | −0.43 c | −0.32 c | −0.39 c | −0.33 c | 0.34 c | −0.27 b | 0.21 b | −0.01 | −0.69 c | −0.10 | −0.42 c | ||||||||||||||||||
14 | PODLENGTH | 0.23 b | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.17 a | 0.09 | −0.01 | 0.03 | 0.19 a | −0.06 | 0.21 b | 0.07 | 0.18a | −0.25 b | |||||||||||||||||
15 | PODWIDTH | 0.18 a | 0.34 c | 0.02 | 0.26 b | 0.03 | −0.11 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.19 a | 0.42 c | −0.13 | 0.20 a | −0.45 c | 0.18 a | ||||||||||||||||
16 | PODCROSS | 0.38 c | 0.31 c | 0.08 | 0.35 c | 0.12 | −0.19 a | 0.29c | −0.02 | 0.25 b | 0.30 c | −0.30 c | −0.01 | −0.07 | 0.14 | 0.05 | |||||||||||||||
17 | PODCURV | 0.35 c | 0.51 c | 0.25 b | 0.37 c | 0.26 b | −0.35 c | 0.33 c | −0.07 | 0.32 c | 0.65 c | −0.31 c | 0.31c | −0.53 c | 0.09 | 0.32 c | 0.34 c | ||||||||||||||
18 | MATURITY | 0.34 c | -0.25 b | 0.13 | −0.14 | 0.13 | 0.26 b | −0.09 | −0.22 b | −0.06 | −0.17 a | 0.26 b | −0.09 | 0.18 a | 0.25 | −0.21 a | 0.02 | −0.22 b | |||||||||||||
19 | PODLOCULES | 0.08 | -0.15 | −0.02 | −0.05 | −0.02 | 0.13 | −0.12 | 0.21 b | −0.17 a | −0.14 | 0.21 b | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.69 c | −0.08 | 0.04 | −0.23 b | 0.08 | ||||||||||||
20 | PODSEED | −0.02 | -0.19 a | 0.05 | −0.11 | 0.04 | 0.20 a | −0.16 | −0.05 | −0.22 b | −0.23 b | 0.18 a | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.52 c | −0.09 | −0.01 | −0.22 b | 0.25 b | 0.71 c | |||||||||||
21 | SEEDCOLOR1 | 0.00 | 0.33 c | −0.05 | 0.51 c | −0.03 | 0.03 | 0.25 b | −0.11 | 0.09 | −0.02 | −0.17 a | 0.09 | 0.04 | −0.07 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 0.04 | −0.09 | −0.13 | −0.14 | ||||||||||
22 | SEEDCOLOR2 | −0.12 | -0.45 c | 0.13 | −0.31 c | 0.10 | −0.02 | −0.26 b | −0.22 b | −0.24 b | −0.13 | 0.34 c | −0.11 | −0.02 | 0.01 | −0.13 | −0.16 a | −0.11 | 0.20 a | 0.16 a | 0.14 | −0.47 c | |||||||||
23 | SEEDPATCHAR | −0.08 | 0.33 c | −0.07 | 0.36 c | −0.04 | 0.07 | 0.20 a | −0.03 | 0.15 | −0.08 | −0.09 | 0.08 | 0.04 | −0.13 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 0.02 | −0.16 a | −0.20a | −0.14 | 0.65 c | −0.78 c | ||||||||
24 | BRILLIANCE | −0.19 a | 0.07 | −0.21 a | 0.12 | −0.22 b | 0.04 | −0.08 | 0.24 b | −0.08 | −0.05 | 0.06 | 0.14 | −0.07 | 0.13 | 0.10 | −0.14 | −0.10 | −0.42 c | 0.15 | 0.02 | 0.30 c | −0.32 c | 0.40 c | |||||||
25 | SEEDLENGTH | 0.08 | 0.03 | −0.04 | 0.09 | −0.06 | 0.12 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.29 c | 0.13 | −0.02 | 0.01 | 0.09 | −0.12 | −0.01 | 0.18 a | −0.19 a | 0.16 a | −0.01 | ||||||
26 | SEEDHEIGHT | 0.15 | 0.05 | −0.09 | −0.01 | −0.09 | 0.01 | 0.29 | 0.27 | 0.45 | 0.87 | −0.15 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.15 | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.03 | −0.01 | −0.06 | 0.04 | −0.21 b | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.36 c | |||||
27 | SEEDWIDTH | 0.25 b | 0.19 a | 0.02 | 0.17 a | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.28c | −0.08 | 0.11 | −0.14 | 0.19 a | 0.39 c | −0.02 | 0.17 a | 0.09 | −0.19 a | −0.11 | 0.09 | −0.19 a | 0.14 | −0.06 | 0.73 c | 0.42 c | ||||
28 | SEEDSHAPE | 0.08 | −0.17 a | 0.07 | −0.05 | 0.09 | 0.09 | −0.02 | 0.00 | −0.16 | −0.10 | 0.34c | 0.02 | −0.07 | 0.32 c | −0.07 | −0.13 | −0.15 | 0.23 b | 0.25 b | 0.34c | −0.04 | 0.17 a | −0.07 | 0.01 | 0.22 b | −0.09 | 0.17 a | |||
29 | SEEDHILUM | −0.11 | −0.11 | −0.19 a | −0.09 | −0.18 a | 0.09 | −0.09 | 0.05 | −0.20 a | −0.14 | 0.00 | −0.07 | 0.16 | −0.14 | −0.18 a | −0.18 a | −0.22 b | −0.02 | −0.08 | −0.09 | −0.12 | 0.13 | −0.11 | 0.06 | −0.04 | −0.01 | −0.10 | −0.08 | ||
30 | SEEDHILUMRING | −0.05 | 0.36 c | −0.11 | 0.42c | −0.05 | 0.00 | 0.18 a | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.04 | −0.26 b | 0.08 | −0.01 | 0.00 | 0.20 a | 0.08 | 0.14 | −0.30c | −0.13 | −0.14 | 0.72 c | −0.64 c | 0.71 c | 0.37 c | 0.14 | 0.06 | 0.08 | −0.16 | −0.14 | |
31 | SEEDHKM | 0.14 | 0.09 | −0.03 | 0.10 | −0.05 | −0.05 | 0.03 | 0.17 a | −0.09 | 0.14 | −0.06 | 0.15 | −0.11 | 0.31 c | 0.29 c | −0.03 | 0.15 | −0.15 | 0.00 | −0.03 | 0.07 | −0.16 | 0.08 | 0.11 | 0.60 c | 0.44b | 0.62 c | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.15 |
Country of Origin | Number of Accessions | Variability (%) | F-Ratio |
---|---|---|---|
Slovenia | 44 | 44.96 *** | 58.19 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 10 | 3.01 *** | 366.65 |
Serbia | 9 | 26.28 *** | 31.89 |
North Macedonia | 64 | 9.64 *** | 639.44 |
Romania | 12 | 9.10 *** | 144.43 |
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Sinkovič, L.; Pipan, B.; Vasić, M.; Antić, M.; Todorović, V.; Ivanovska, S.; Brezeanu, C.; Šuštar-Vozlič, J.; Meglič, V. Morpho-Agronomic Characterisation of Runner Bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.) from South-Eastern Europe. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6165. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11216165
Sinkovič L, Pipan B, Vasić M, Antić M, Todorović V, Ivanovska S, Brezeanu C, Šuštar-Vozlič J, Meglič V. Morpho-Agronomic Characterisation of Runner Bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.) from South-Eastern Europe. Sustainability. 2019; 11(21):6165. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11216165
Chicago/Turabian StyleSinkovič, Lovro, Barbara Pipan, Mirjana Vasić, Marina Antić, Vida Todorović, Sonja Ivanovska, Creola Brezeanu, Jelka Šuštar-Vozlič, and Vladimir Meglič. 2019. "Morpho-Agronomic Characterisation of Runner Bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.) from South-Eastern Europe" Sustainability 11, no. 21: 6165. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11216165