Job Accessibility from a Multiple Commuting Circles Perspective Using Baidu Location Data: A Case Study of Wuhan, China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Data and Methodology
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Data
2.2.1. Baidu Users’ Locations
2.2.2. Land Use
2.3. Methodology
2.3.1. Kernel Density Estimation
2.3.2. The Jobs–Housing Spatial Structure and Transport Service Supply
2.3.3. Job Accessibility
3. Results
3.1. Spatial Distribution of Housing and Job Opportunities
3.2. Job Accessibility for Housing Grids
3.3. Comparison Between New and Traditional Job Accessibility Measurements
3.4. Disparity Between Transport Service Supply and Commuting Demand
4. Discussion
4.1. The Characteristics of Job Accessibility and Transit Service Optimization
4.2. Comparison between New and Traditional Methods
4.3. Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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No. | Search Radius (km) | Commuting Mode 1 | Commuting Time (min) | Commuting Mode 2 | Commuting Time (min) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
S0 | 1000 | walk | ≤15 | bike | ≤7.5 |
S1 | 2000 | walk | ≤30 | bike | ≤15 |
S2 | 3000 | walk | ≤45 | bike | ≤22.5 |
S3 | 4000 | bike | ≤30 | bus | ≤15 |
S4 | 6000 | bike | ≤45 | bus | ≤22.5 |
S5 | 8000 | bike | ≤60 | bus | ≤30 |
S6 | 12,000 | bus | ≤45 | \ | \ |
Transport Service Supply | Code of Value’s Level | |
---|---|---|
High | Low | |
Density of bus stations | HB | LB |
Density of metro stations | HM | LM |
Density of urban roads | HR | LR |
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Cai, M.; Liu, Y.; Luo, M.; Xing, L.; Liu, Y. Job Accessibility from a Multiple Commuting Circles Perspective Using Baidu Location Data: A Case Study of Wuhan, China. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6696. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236696
Cai M, Liu Y, Luo M, Xing L, Liu Y. Job Accessibility from a Multiple Commuting Circles Perspective Using Baidu Location Data: A Case Study of Wuhan, China. Sustainability. 2019; 11(23):6696. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236696
Chicago/Turabian StyleCai, Mingming, Yaolin Liu, Minghai Luo, Lijun Xing, and Yanfang Liu. 2019. "Job Accessibility from a Multiple Commuting Circles Perspective Using Baidu Location Data: A Case Study of Wuhan, China" Sustainability 11, no. 23: 6696. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236696