Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Air Purification System with Vegetation Soil and Electrostatic Precipitator Filters
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Hybrid Filters and Experimental Methods
2.1. Vegetation Soil Filter
2.2. Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) Filter
2.3. Experimental Apparatus and Method
2.3.1. Analytical Method for the Vegetation Soil Filter
2.3.2. Analytical Method for the Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) Filter
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Fine Particulate Matter (PM) Reduction Effect of the Vegetation Soil Filter
3.2. Fine PM Reduction Effect of the ESP Filter
4. A Possible Future Application of the Hybrid Air Purification System to the City Hotspot
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- The removal effect of fine PM to the vegetation soil filter increases as the inlet air velocity increases for PM2.5 and PM10. The inlet air velocity of the vegetation soil filter is limited to a maximum of 0.15 m/s considering the survival conditions and soil drying of vegetation such as moss and grass.
- (2)
- The stacking height of the vegetation soil filter, which is determined by the artificial soil and the porous soil layer, correlates with the pressure resistance according to the air flow inside the soil and the soil adsorption capacity of the fine PM. In the present vegetation soil filter, the fine PM reduction rate is the best when the stacking height of the vegetation soil filter is 200 mm.
- (3)
- For the ESP filter, as the inlet air velocity of the ESP filter increases, the fine PM reduction effect decreases, unlike the vegetation soil filter. PM10 is a relatively high reduction rate for the ESP filter because PM10, which has a relatively large particle size, is well charged with a high voltage compared to PM2.5, and thus the amount attached to the particle collecting plate is also relatively large.
- (4)
- Considering the fact that small particle-like PM2.5 can enter the lungs through breathing and invokes many adverse effects on health, it is important to develop an efficient removal filter of PM2.5. Throughout the analysis of the fine PM reduction effect using a vegetation soil filter and an ESP filter, it is found that PM2.5 has a reduced rate of 70 percent or more.
- (5)
- Based on these research results for the vegetation soil filter and the ESP filter, it is possible to install an air purification tower consisting of the two filters vertically in a city hotspot. A hybrid tower that combines two ESP filters and 20 vegetation soil filters can purify a contaminated outdoor air amount of approximately 650,000 cubic meters in one day. It is noted that the hybrid air purification system maximizes the effects of green spaces in urban areas, which is an amazing solution to solve the outdoor air pollution problem.
- (6)
- Installing one air purification tower in a hotspot can purify a contaminated outdoor air amount of approximately 650,000 cubic meters and is capable of supplying clean air to 41,500 adults per day.
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameters | Engineering Soil | Porous Material_1 | Porous Material_2 |
---|---|---|---|
Filter width, mm | 500 | 500 | 500 |
Filter length, mm | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 |
Filter height, mm | 50 | 50 | 100 |
Material ingredient | complex soil containing silt | pearlite | pearlite |
Grain diameter, mm | <0.5 | 1.0~2.0 | 2.0~3.0 |
Equipment Name | Picture | Specification |
---|---|---|
Pitot tube | |
|
Micro manometer 1 | |
|
Micro manometer 2 | |
|
Concentration sensor for PM10 | |
|
Concentration sensor for PM2.5 | |
|
Parameters | Lower | Middle | Upper |
---|---|---|---|
Inlet air velocity, m/s | 0.05 | 0.1 | 0.15 |
Rotational speed of suction blower, rpm | 500 | 1070 | 1620 |
Parameters | Lower | Middle | Upper |
---|---|---|---|
Inlet air velocity, m/s | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Rotational speed of suction blower, rpm | 480 | 970 | 1450 |
Stacking Height, mm | Mean Value (Ensemble Average) | |
---|---|---|
PM2.5 (Range) | PM10 (Range) | |
150 | 62.5 (60.3~64.6) | 41 (34.7~48.3) |
200 | 78.5 (74.5~81.8) | 47 (43.0~52.1) |
250 | 68.7 (62.7~75.9) | 41.1 (32.9~51.7) |
Mean Value (Ensemble Average) | |
---|---|
PM2.5 (Range) | PM10 (Range) |
73.1 (71.2~75) | 87.3 (83~94.8) |
Filter | Inlet Area Per Unit Module, m2 | Number of Module, ea. | Inlet Air Velocity, m/s | Air Purification Volume Per Day, m3 | Power Per Day, kWh |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vegetation soil filter | 0.5 | 20 | 0.15 | 129,600 | 10 |
ESP filter | 1.0 | 2 | 3.0 | 518,400 | 140 |
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Elkamhawy, A.; Jang, C.-M. Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Air Purification System with Vegetation Soil and Electrostatic Precipitator Filters. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5428. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12135428
Elkamhawy A, Jang C-M. Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Air Purification System with Vegetation Soil and Electrostatic Precipitator Filters. Sustainability. 2020; 12(13):5428. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12135428
Chicago/Turabian StyleElkamhawy, Aya, and Choon-Man Jang. 2020. "Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Air Purification System with Vegetation Soil and Electrostatic Precipitator Filters" Sustainability 12, no. 13: 5428. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12135428