Vegetation Dynamics and Their Response to the Urbanization of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region, China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Study Area and Data
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Vegetation Index Data
2.3. Nighttime Light Data
2.4. Additional Data For the Research Area
3. Methods
3.1. The Calculation of the Fractional Vegetation Coverage
3.2. FVC and NTL Trend Detection
3.3. Calculation of the Average Nighttime Light Intensity Index
3.4. Correlation Analysis of the Urbanization Level and Vegetation Dynamics
4. Results
4.1. Vegetation Variation Analysis of the BTH Region
4.2. Analysis of the Nighttime Light Characteristics
4.3. Correlation Analysis of NTL and FVC
5. Discussion
5.1. Vegetation Variation and the Impacts of Urbanization on Vegetation
5.2. Differences in Responses of Vegetation Trends
5.3. Effects of Ecological Engineering and Urban Greening on Vegetation
5.3.1. Effects of Ecological Engineering on Vegetation
5.3.2. The Correlation of Urban Greening and FVC Variation
5.4. Limitations and Further Improvements
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Chang, Y.; Zhang, G.; Zhang, T.; Xie, Z.; Wang, J. Vegetation Dynamics and Their Response to the Urbanization of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region, China. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8550. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208550
Chang Y, Zhang G, Zhang T, Xie Z, Wang J. Vegetation Dynamics and Their Response to the Urbanization of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region, China. Sustainability. 2020; 12(20):8550. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208550
Chicago/Turabian StyleChang, Yuyang, Geli Zhang, Tianzhu Zhang, Zhen Xie, and Jingxia Wang. 2020. "Vegetation Dynamics and Their Response to the Urbanization of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region, China" Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8550. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208550