A News Big Data Analysis of Issues in Higher Education in Korea amid the COVID-19 Pandemic
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Spread of COVID-19 and Responses of the Education Sector in Korea
2.1. COVID-19 and Higher Eduction in the World
2.2. Status of COVID-19 in Korea
2.3. Government Responses to COVID-19
2.4. College-Level Responses to COVID-19
2.5. Reviewing Existing Research on Higher Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korea
3. Research Methods
3.1. Data Collection
3.2. Method of Analysis
4. Analysis of the Results
4.1. Keywords Analysis
4.2. Analysis of Topics
- A.
- Analysis on the First Period
- B.
- Analysis on the Second Period
- C.
- Analysis on the Third Period
5. Conclusions and Implications
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Date | Ministry’s Measures |
---|---|
12 February 2020 | Published Guidelines for College Academic Operations in Response to the New Coronavirus Disease [41] |
1 March 2020 | Established Codes on the Establishment and Operation of College and International Student Support Group in Response to COVID-19 [42] |
2 March 2020 | Published Recommendations for Academic Operations in the Spring Semester of 2020 [43] |
31 July 2020 | Implemented Emergency Support Program for Contactless College Education [44] |
9 September 2020 | Published Support Plans for Digital-based Innovations in Higher Education [45] |
24 September 2020 | Amended Higher Education Act in light of the COVID-19 pandemic [46] |
5 October 2020 | Published Ten Policy Goals for Future Education in the Post-Pandemic Era [47] |
16 February 2021 | Published Basic Plans for Supporting Remote Education for Disabled College Students [48] |
21 April 2021 | Announced Plans to strengthen COVID-19 quarantine measures in educational institutions across the country [49] |
Type | No. of Sources | Selected Media Outlets |
---|---|---|
National Newspapers | 9 | Kyunghyang Shinmun, Dong-A Ilbo, Munhwa Ilbo, Seoul Shinmun, Segye Ilbo, JoongAng Ilbo, Chosun Ilbo, Hankyoreh, Hankook Ilbo |
Regional Newspapers | 9 | Joongboo Ilbo, Kangwondomin Ilbo, Jungbu Maeil, Chungcheong Today, Maeil Shinmun, Busan Ilbo, Jeonbukdomin Ilbo, Jeonnam Ilbo, Jemin Ilbo |
Business Newspapers | 2 | Maeil Business, Korea Economic Daily |
TV News Outlets | 4 | KBS, MBC, SBS, YTN |
Category | First Period | Second Period | Third Period | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Keyword | Frequency | Keyword | Frequency | Keyword | Frequency | |
1 | Class | 3381 | Class | 2114 | CSAT | 3886 |
2 | Online | 2842 | CSAT | 1588 | Test-taking | 2998 |
3 | Education | 2190 | Online | 960 | Test | 2197 |
4 | Lecture | 2142 | Test | 856 | Education | 2139 |
5 | Tuition | 1967 | Assessment | 835 | Confirmed case | 1724 |
6 | School | 1900 | Application/Support | 828 | School | 1365 |
7 | Postponement | 1446 | Test-taking | 808 | Quarantine | 1233 |
8 | Ministry of Education | 1352 | Professor | 697 | Test location | 1133 |
9 | Application/Support | 1349 | Remote | 671 | Class | 938 |
10 | Process | 1221 | Admissions process | 668 | Region | 903 |
11 | Region | 1206 | Society | 655 | Application/Support | 877 |
12 | International Study | 1174 | Ministry of Education | 576 | Society | 827 |
13 | Situation | 1153 | Region | 568 | Process | 816 |
14 | Professor | 1153 | Employment | 567 | Online | 768 |
15 | Beginning of class | 1078 | Interview | 554 | Assessment | 758 |
16 | New | 1064 | Lecture | 526 | Infection | 742 |
17 | Beginning of semester | 955 | Quarantine | 509 | Test Application | 689 |
18 | Test | 913 | Early admissions | 490 | Scholastic | 689 |
19 | Plan | 846 | College Admissions | 466 | Center | 666 |
20 | China | 829 | Semester | 450 | Spread | 617 |
Category | Topic 1 | Topic 2 | Topic 3 | Topic 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Topic | Remote Classes | Tuition Refund | Returning Chinese Students | Normalization of College Edu. |
1 | Class | Tuition | Postponement | Education |
2 | Online | Ministry of Education | Region | Application/Support |
3 | Lecture | Application/Support | International Study | Professor |
4 | School | Situation | Beginning of Semester | College President |
5 | Process | Government | New | Society |
6 | Professor | Return | Plan | College |
7 | Beginning of semester | Scholarship | China | Employment |
8 | Test | Demand | Chinese | Participation |
9 | Remote | Refund | Cancellation | Utilization |
10 | Assessment | Payment | Entering Korea | Program |
Proportions (%) | 36 | 24 | 24 | 16 |
Category | Topic 1 | Topic 2 | Topic 3 | Topic 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
opic | Preparations for CSAT | Preparations for Early Admissions | Contact and Contactless Classes | Supporting Job Market Candidates |
1 | CSAT | Assessment | Class | Online |
2 | Test | Application/Support | Online | Application/Support |
3 | Test-taking | Admissions Process | Professor | Society |
4 | Remote | Interview | Remote | Region |
5 | Ministry of Education | Early admissions | Lecture | Employment |
6 | Quarantine | College Entrance Exam | Semester | Era/Age |
7 | Prep School | Timetable | Contact | College |
8 | Confirmed Case | Recruitment | Thinking | Program |
9 | School Attendance | Standard | Scholarship | Company |
10 | Distance | College Admissions | Tuition | Participation |
Proportions (%) | 30 | 26 | 28 | 16 |
Category | Topic 1 | Topic 2 | Topic 3 | Topic 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Topic | Social Relations on Campus | Support for Job Searching | CSAT & College-specific Exams | Quarantine on Campus |
1 | Education | Education | CSAT | Confirmed case |
2 | School | Region | Test-taking | Quarantine |
3 | Class | Application/Support | Test | Infection |
4 | Society | Process | Test location | Spread |
5 | Online | Online | Assessment | Ministry of Edu. |
6 | Learning | Center | Scholastic | Life |
7 | Thinking | College | Test Application | Distance |
8 | Lecture | Employment | Academic Year | Examination |
9 | Space | Business | Interview | Treatment |
10 | Person/People | Innovation | Test Questions | Hospital |
Proportions (%) | 19 | 17 | 40 | 24 |
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Ko, J.; Paek, S.; Park, S.; Park, J. A News Big Data Analysis of Issues in Higher Education in Korea amid the COVID-19 Pandemic. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7347. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137347
Ko J, Paek S, Park S, Park J. A News Big Data Analysis of Issues in Higher Education in Korea amid the COVID-19 Pandemic. Sustainability. 2021; 13(13):7347. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137347
Chicago/Turabian StyleKo, Jangwan, Seungsu Paek, Seoyoon Park, and Jiwoo Park. 2021. "A News Big Data Analysis of Issues in Higher Education in Korea amid the COVID-19 Pandemic" Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7347. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137347