Mobile Phone Buying Decisions among Young Adults: An Empirical Study of Influencing Factors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. Price
2.2. Convenience
2.3. Avoidance of Core Service Failure and Response
2.4. Service Encounter
2.5. Attraction by Competitors
3. Research Instrument
4. Data Collection and Sampling Technique
4.1. Data Analysis Techniques
4.2. Data Pre-Processing
4.3. Assessment of Normality
4.4. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)
4.5. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (EFA)
4.6. Structural Equation Modeling
5. Discussion of Findings
6. Conclusions and Recommendations
7. Limitations and Future Implications
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Factor | Item Label | Item |
Service Encounter | SE1 | I think the main problem is when the customers do not obtain the desired product. |
SE2 | The buying decision of youth relies on the quality of service. | |
SE3 | In mobile shopping, customers expect high service quality. | |
SE4 | In mobile shopping, I believe that the risk of quality issues is high | |
Price | PRC1 | I think people change their buying decisions based on price. |
PRC2 | Leverage in price helps in developing consumer loyalty. | |
PRC3 | Lower prices attract more customers. | |
Avoidance of Core Service Failure and Response | ASFR1 | Due to service delivery failure, the companies increase their customer churn. Therefore, it should be avoided. |
ASFR2 | I think if the company is not able to meet the failures, the customers will switch from the brand. | |
ASFR3 | I avoid buying products from mobile shopping if I had encountered service failure. | |
ASFR4 | If the company promises to avoid service failure, I can take the risk to shop again. | |
Attraction by Competitors | AC1 | For youth, I believe that they compare the products from different brands before purchasing. |
AC2 | I consider that customers mainly switch to other service providers in case the competitors are providing more benefits. | |
AC3 | I consider the marketing of products by competitors as a key factor that urges consumers to switch. | |
AC4 | I believe that to attract more youth, each brand should work on a competitive advantage. | |
Convenience | CON1 | If people face inconvenience, they change the brand of their phone. |
CON2 | For the convenience of the customers, the companies should offer services that are based on location. | |
CON3 | Mobile shopping is a convenient way because it limits interaction with a salesperson. | |
CON4 | Mobile shopping is more convenient than in-person shopping. | |
Mobile Phone Shopping Behavior | MSB1 | I feel that mobile phone technology has penetrated every aspect of daily life. |
MSB2 | I consider the trend of mobile commerce to be very important for the industry. | |
MSB3 | Mobile phone shopping is knowledgeable. | |
MSB4 | I consider the purchase intentions of youth depending on smartphone use relies on the purchase intentions of consumers. |
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Variable | Min | Max | Skew | Composite Reliability (CR) | Kurtosis | CR |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MSB4 | 3 | 5 | −0.171 | −1.095 | −0.811 | −2.597 |
MSB1 | 3 | 5 | −0.247 | −1.579 | −0.732 | −2.344 |
MSB2 | 3 | 5 | −0.198 | −1.269 | −0.575 | −1.841 |
MSB3 | 3 | 5 | −0.119 | −0.764 | −0.537 | −1.718 |
CON4 | 1 | 5 | −0.019 | −0.121 | −0.312 | −0.999 |
CON1 | 1 | 5 | −0.198 | −1.27 | 0.011 | 0.035 |
CON2 | 1 | 5 | −0.314 | −2.008 | −0.246 | −0.787 |
CON3 | 1 | 5 | −0.147 | −0.941 | −0.057 | −0.182 |
AC4 | 1 | 5 | −0.064 | −0.408 | −0.851 | −2.725 |
AC1 | 1 | 5 | 0.204 | 1.304 | −0.527 | −1.689 |
AC2 | 1 | 5 | −0.158 | −1.01 | −0.848 | −2.714 |
AC3 | 1 | 5 | 0.223 | 1.425 | −0.683 | −2.188 |
ASFR4 | 1 | 5 | 0.197 | 1.263 | −0.171 | −0.546 |
ASFR1 | 1 | 5 | 0.145 | 0.926 | −0.643 | −2.059 |
ASFR2 | 1 | 5 | −0.022 | −0.142 | −0.193 | −0.617 |
ASFR3 | 1 | 5 | 0.387 | 2.478 | 0 | 0.001 |
SE4 | 1 | 5 | −0.348 | −2.228 | −0.66 | −2.113 |
PRC1 | 2 | 5 | −0.297 | −1.9 | −0.988 | −3.164 |
PRC2 | 2 | 5 | −0.305 | −1.95 | −0.762 | −2.441 |
PRC3 | 2 | 5 | −0.378 | −2.421 | −0.602 | −1.927 |
SE1 | 1 | 5 | −0.064 | −0.408 | −0.78 | −2.496 |
SE2 | 1 | 5 | −0.493 | −3.159 | −0.346 | −1.108 |
SE3 | 1 | 5 | −0.178 | −1.141 | −0.636 | −2.035 |
Multivariate | 35.492 | 8.208 |
Item | Factor Name | Component | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | ||
SE1 | Service Encounter | 0.842 | |||||
SE2 | 0.845 | ||||||
SE3 | 0.847 | ||||||
SE4 | 0.836 | ||||||
ASFR1 | Avoidance of Core Service Failure and Response | 0.775 | |||||
ASFR2 | 0.72 | ||||||
ASFR3 | 0.868 | ||||||
ASFR4 | 0.821 | ||||||
AC1 | Attraction by Competitors | 0.867 | |||||
AC2 | 0.804 | ||||||
AC3 | 0.82 | ||||||
AC4 | 0.81 | ||||||
PRC1 | Price | 0.861 | |||||
PRC2 | 0.883 | ||||||
PRC3 | 0.859 | ||||||
CON1 | Convenience | 0.853 | |||||
CON2 | 0.696 | ||||||
CON3 | 0.876 | ||||||
CON4 | 0.835 | ||||||
MSB1 | Mobile Phone Shopping Behavior | 0.9 | |||||
MSB2 | 0.894 | ||||||
MSB3 | 0.881 | ||||||
MSB4 | 0.813 | ||||||
Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) Statistic = 0.737 Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity |
Statements | Standardized Factor Loadings | CR | AVE | MSV | MaxR(H) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Service Encounter | 0.842 | 0.573 | 0.04 | 0.858 | |
SE1 | 0.697 | ||||
SE2 | 0.845 | ||||
SE3 | 0.676 | ||||
SE4 | 0.796 | ||||
Price | 0.88 | 0.71 | 0.238 | 0.887 | |
PRC1 | 0.793 | ||||
PRC2 | 0.849 | ||||
PRC3 | 0.884 | ||||
Avoidance of Core Service Failure and Response | 0.821 | 0.536 | 0.014 | 0.844 | |
ASFR1 | 0.71 | ||||
ASFR2 | 0.631 | ||||
ASFR3 | 0.853 | ||||
ASFR4 | 0.718 | ||||
Attraction by Competitors | 0.838 | 0.571 | 0.04 | 0.912 | |
AC1 | 0.939 | ||||
AC2 | 0.672 | ||||
AC3 | 0.773 | ||||
AC4 | 0.773 | ||||
Convenience | 0.842 | 0.577 | 0.007 | 0.869 | |
CON1 | 0.837 | ||||
CON2 | 0.552 | ||||
CON3 | 0.839 | ||||
CON4 | 0.773 | ||||
Mobile Phone Shopping Behavior | 0.912 | 0.721 | 0.238 | 0.921 | |
MSB1 | 0.873 | ||||
MSB2 | 0.908 | ||||
MSB3 | 0.831 | ||||
MSB4 | 0.779 |
HTMT | SE | PRC | ASFR | AC | CON |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SE | |||||
PRC | 0.076 | ||||
ASFR | 0.066 | 0.053 | |||
AC | 0.202 | 0.047 | 0.054 | ||
CON | 0.017 | 0.028 | 0.054 | 0.125 | |
MSB | 0.004 | 0.492 | 0.021 | 0.174 | 0.02 |
Proposed Relation | Standard Estimate | p-Value | Hypotheses Supported | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Price | Mobile Phone Shopping Behavior | 0.436 | 0.000 | H1 Accepted |
Convenience | Mobile Phone Shopping Behavior | 0.02 | 0.682 | H2 Rejected |
Avoidance of Core Service Failure and Response | Mobile Phone Shopping Behavior | −0.05 | 0.401 | H3 Rejected |
Service Encounter | Mobile Phone Shopping Behavior | 0.049 | 0.265 | H4 Rejected |
Attraction by Competitors | Mobile Phone Shopping Behavior | 0.155 | 0.008 | H5 Accepted |
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Tanveer, M.; Kaur, H.; Thomas, G.; Mahmood, H.; Paruthi, M.; Yu, Z. Mobile Phone Buying Decisions among Young Adults: An Empirical Study of Influencing Factors. Sustainability 2021, 13, 10705. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910705
Tanveer M, Kaur H, Thomas G, Mahmood H, Paruthi M, Yu Z. Mobile Phone Buying Decisions among Young Adults: An Empirical Study of Influencing Factors. Sustainability. 2021; 13(19):10705. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910705
Chicago/Turabian StyleTanveer, Muhammad, Harsandaldeep Kaur, George Thomas, Haider Mahmood, Mandakini Paruthi, and Zhang Yu. 2021. "Mobile Phone Buying Decisions among Young Adults: An Empirical Study of Influencing Factors" Sustainability 13, no. 19: 10705. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910705