Evaluation of Portable Rhodamine B Analyzer for Monitoring OH Radical Scavenging Demand in Ultraviolet Advanced Oxidation Processes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Portable OH Radical Scavenging Demand Analyzer
2.2. Chemicals and Analysis Methods
2.3. Test Water
2.4. Test Method
3. Results
3.1. Analysis of RhB Standard Solutions
3.2. UV Photolysis Experiments for Target Samples
3.3. Monitoring of OH Radical Scavenging Demand
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
- A portable system of continuously measuring the RhB indicator via a real-time UV-Vis spectrometer enabled the on-site evaluation of the OH radical scavenging demand.
- The spectrometric method using the visible light region of the RhB indicator is simple and quick and does not require a separate HPLC, unlike the method using the pCBA indicator.
- The mean OH radical scavenging demand for plants C, N, Y, and B were 42,346 s−1, 20,659 s−1, 32,232 s−1, and 81,669 s−1, respectively. The OH radical scavenging demand tended to increase with DOC.
- Plant C showed the most significant variations in OH radical scavenging demand, probably because it was affected by other water quality indicators, such as algae influx that did not affect plants N and Y.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Water Treatment Plant | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Plant C | Plant N | Plant Y | Plant B | |
pH | 7.1 ± 0.2 | 7.2 ± 0.3 | 7.5 ± 0.3 | 6.9 ± 0.3 |
Turbidity (NTU) | 0.34 ± 0.18 | 0.23 ± 0.18 | 0.12 ± 0.10 | 0.31 ± 0.25 |
UV254 (abs./cm) | 0.038 ± 0.008 | 0.021 ± 0.005 | 0.032 ± 0.002 | 0.17 ± 0.050 |
DOC (mg/L) | 2.80 ± 0.30 | 1.84 ± 0.60 | 2.76 ± 0.40 | 6.96 ± 0.80 |
TDS (mg/L) | 150 ± 7 | 115 ± 3 | 135 ± 3 | 133 ± 3 |
Alkalinity (mg/L as CaCO3) | 45 ± 7 | 43 ± 5 | 40 ± 2 | 30 ± 3 |
Plants | Scavenging Demand (s−1) |
---|---|
Plant C | 42,346 ± 12,422 |
Plant N | 20,659 ± 4907 |
Plant Y | 32,183 ± 7327 |
Plant B | 81,669 ± 12,668 |
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Nam, S.-H.; Lee, J.-W.; Kim, E.-J.; Koo, J.-W.; Hwang, T.-M. Evaluation of Portable Rhodamine B Analyzer for Monitoring OH Radical Scavenging Demand in Ultraviolet Advanced Oxidation Processes. Sustainability 2021, 13, 13279. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313279
Nam S-H, Lee J-W, Kim E-J, Koo J-W, Hwang T-M. Evaluation of Portable Rhodamine B Analyzer for Monitoring OH Radical Scavenging Demand in Ultraviolet Advanced Oxidation Processes. Sustainability. 2021; 13(23):13279. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313279
Chicago/Turabian StyleNam, Sook-Hyun, Ju-Won Lee, Eun-Ju Kim, Jae-Wuk Koo, and Tae-Mun Hwang. 2021. "Evaluation of Portable Rhodamine B Analyzer for Monitoring OH Radical Scavenging Demand in Ultraviolet Advanced Oxidation Processes" Sustainability 13, no. 23: 13279. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313279