Open Circular Innovation: How Companies Can Develop Circular Innovations in Collaboration with Stakeholders
Abstract
:1. Introduction
“The transition to a circular economy (CE) may be the biggest revolution and opportunity for how we organize production and consumption in our global economy in 250 years.”[1] (p. XV)
2. Theoretical Background
2.1. The Concept of a Circular Economy
2.2. The Circular Economy as Wicked Problem
2.3. Stakeholder Theory
2.4. Open Innovation
2.5. Factors Influencing the Development of Circular Innovations
2.6. Open Innovation Approaches for a Circular Economy
3. Research Method
4. Results
4.1. Status Quo of Circular Innovation
4.2. Stakeholders for Open Circular Innovation
4.3. Open Circular Innovation Process
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Company | Expertise | Position | Country |
---|---|---|---|
BMW Switzerland | CE and innovation practices in industry (connected mobility) | Specialist New Mobility Services and Digital Solutions | Switzerland |
Borealis | CE practices in industry (biological and technical material cycle, PSS) | Head of Sustainability and EU Affairs | Belgium |
Deloitte Garage | Innovation consulting | Senior Manager | Germany |
Deloitte Germany | CE and innovation consulting | Manager Sustainability Advisory Practice | Germany |
Desso + Procter & Gamble | CE practices in industry (biological and technical material cycle, PSS) | Former CEO Desso; former senior leading positions Procter & Gamble; CE speaker and advisor | Netherlands |
Orbia + Philips | CE practices in industry (biological and technical material cycle, PSS) | Global Director CE and Regeneration Orbia; former Project Manager CE Philips | Netherlands |
Salzburg University of Applied Sciences | Innovation and CE research | Professor, Head of Marketing and Innovation Management | Germany |
Siegwerk | CE practices in industry (technical material cycle) | Head of CE Hub | Germany |
Swarovski | CE practices in industry (technical material cycle) | Senior Sustainability Manager | Austria |
SYSTEMIQ | CE consulting | Founder | Germany |
SYSTEMIQ | CE consulting | Senior Project Leader | Germany |
Unilever TLC + Shell Foundation | CE practices in industry (biological and technical material cycle, PSS) | Former Chief Sustainability Officer Unilever; Chair Shell Foundation; CE advisor for global CE projects | United Kingdom |
Volkswagen | CE practices in industry (technical material cycle) | Expert for Sustainability and Decarbonization | Germany |
Zeppelin University | Innovation research (innovation and family businesses) | Professor for Innovation, Technology and Entrepreneurship | Germany |
1. Introduction: Opening Questions and CE Definition |
2. Status Quo of Circular Innovation |
• What are the drivers and barriers for circular innovation in companies? |
• Which skills are necessary for circular innovation on a corporate level? |
• Are these skills currently available in companies? |
• How relevant is circular innovation for companies now? How relevant will it be in 10 years? |
• How are circular innovations usually developed? Are closed or OI approaches applied? |
3. Stakeholders for OCI |
• Which stakeholders from inside and outside the company should be involved in OCI? |
• Which expectations would you have from the stakeholders? |
4. Process Approaches for OCI |
• Which OI approaches would be suitable for the development of circular solutions? |
• Should crowdsourcing be applied for circular innovation? |
• How should the process look, ideally? |
5. Success Factors |
• What are success factors of OCI in companies? |
• What are typical mistakes? |
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Eisenreich, A.; Füller, J.; Stuchtey, M. Open Circular Innovation: How Companies Can Develop Circular Innovations in Collaboration with Stakeholders. Sustainability 2021, 13, 13456. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313456
Eisenreich A, Füller J, Stuchtey M. Open Circular Innovation: How Companies Can Develop Circular Innovations in Collaboration with Stakeholders. Sustainability. 2021; 13(23):13456. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313456
Chicago/Turabian StyleEisenreich, Anja, Johann Füller, and Martin Stuchtey. 2021. "Open Circular Innovation: How Companies Can Develop Circular Innovations in Collaboration with Stakeholders" Sustainability 13, no. 23: 13456. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313456