Blockchain Technology and Artificial Intelligence Based Decentralized Access Control Model to Enable Secure Interoperability for Healthcare
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Motivation, Objective, and Contributions
- Various issues in the healthcare industry are explored and the benefits of integrating blockchain technology in the healthcare industry are discussed.
- A blockchain-supported, decentralized access control solution is proposed and implemented. Moreover, it can be tailored for implementation on other blockchain frameworks.
- The execution costs of various functions of smart contracts with slow, standard, and fast executions are compared.
- The proof-of-authority consensus procedure is employed in the proposed paradigm. A few selected nodes will function as validators that will have the authority to validate the transactions. Because only preselected validator nodes will validate the transaction, the time necessary to create a block is predictable and smaller than the time required to generate a block using the proof-of-work process.
2. Literature Study
3. Benefits of Employing Blockchain Technology for Healthcare
- Towards complete and interoperable health records
- 2.
- Smart contracts for better coordination
- 3.
- More successfully detecting fraud
- 4.
- Improving the correctness of the provider directory
- 5.
- More client-centric to simplify it
- 6.
- Assisting in the development of a dynamic insurer–client relationship
4. Proposed Architecture
5. Proposed Methodology
5.1. Registration
5.2. Treatment
5.3. Document Upload on IPFS and Association with the Owner
5.4. Insurance Claim
Algorithm 1: Add New Entity |
|
Algorithm 2: Approval of New Medical Record for Insurance Claim |
|
6. Result and Analysis
7. Research Implications
8. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gas Price in ETH = 0.000000122, ETH Price (USD) = 2740 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Sr.No. | Function | Gas Consumed (GWEI) | Cost for Fast Execution (ETH) | Cost for Fast Execution (USD) |
1 | addPatient | 167,933 | 0.020487826 | 56.13664324 |
2 | addDoctor | 167,368 | 0.020418896 | 55.94777504 |
3 | addChemist | 143,061 | 0.017453442 | 47.82243108 |
4 | addlabAdmin | 143,023 | 0.017448806 | 47.80972844 |
5 | signPatientRecord | 81,699 | 0.009967278 | 27.31034172 |
6 | signDcoctorRecord | 83,693 | 0.010210546 | 27.97689604 |
7 | signChemistRecord | 80,596 | 0.009832712 | 26.94163088 |
8 | signLabAdmin | 80,332 | 0.009800504 | 26.85338096 |
9 | getDoctorDetails | 32,941 | 0.004018802 | 11.01151748 |
10 | precord | 39,277 | 0.004791794 | 13.12951556 |
11 | hash | 45,872 | 0.005596384 | 15.33409216 |
12 | accessFile | 25,434 | 0.003102948 | 8.50207752 |
Gas Price in ETH = 0.000000115, ETH Price (USD) = 2740 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Sr.No. | Function | Gas Consumed (GWEI) | Cost for Standard Execution (ETH) | Cost for Standard Execution (USD) |
1 | addPatient | 167,933 | 0.019312295 | 52.9156883 |
2 | addDoctor | 167,368 | 0.01924732 | 52.7376568 |
3 | addChemist | 143,061 | 0.016452015 | 45.0785211 |
4 | addlabAdmin | 143,023 | 0.016447645 | 45.0665473 |
5 | signPatientRecord | 81,699 | 0.009395385 | 25.7433549 |
6 | signDcoctorRecord | 83,693 | 0.009624695 | 26.3716643 |
7 | signChemistRecord | 80,596 | 0.00926854 | 25.3957996 |
8 | signLabAdmin | 80,332 | 0.00923818 | 25.3126132 |
9 | getDoctorDetails | 32,941 | 0.003788215 | 10.3797091 |
10 | precord | 39,277 | 0.004516855 | 12.3761827 |
11 | hash | 45,872 | 0.00527528 | 14.4542672 |
12 | accessFile | 25,434 | 0.00292491 | 8.0142534 |
Gas Price in ETH = 0.000000109, ETH Price (USD) = 2740 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Sr.No. | Function | Gas Consumed (GWEI) | Cost for Slow Execution (ETH) | Cost for Slow Execution (USD) |
1 | addPatient | 167,933 | 0.018304697 | 50.15486978 |
2 | addDoctor | 167,368 | 0.018243112 | 49.98612688 |
3 | addChemist | 143,061 | 0.015593649 | 42.72659826 |
4 | addlabAdmin | 143,023 | 0.015589507 | 42.71524918 |
5 | signPatientRecord | 81,699 | 0.008905191 | 24.40022334 |
6 | signDcoctorRecord | 83,693 | 0.009122537 | 24.99575138 |
7 | signChemistRecord | 80,596 | 0.008784964 | 24.07080136 |
8 | signLabAdmin | 80,332 | 0.008756188 | 23.99195512 |
9 | getDoctorDetails | 32,941 | 0.003590569 | 9.83815906 |
10 | precord | 39,277 | 0.004281193 | 11.73046882 |
11 | hash | 45,872 | 0.005000048 | 13.70013152 |
12 | accessFile | 25,434 | 0.002772306 | 7.59611844 |
Attributes | Proposed Approach | Existing Approache [15,42] |
---|---|---|
Transaction execution | Fast | Slow |
Chances of 51% attack | Low | High |
Energy Consumption | Low | High |
Processing power requirement | Low | High |
Validators | Fixed | Public |
Consensus | PoA | PoW |
Scalability | High | Low |
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Share and Cite
Rana, S.K.; Rana, S.K.; Nisar, K.; Ag Ibrahim, A.A.; Rana, A.K.; Goyal, N.; Chawla, P. Blockchain Technology and Artificial Intelligence Based Decentralized Access Control Model to Enable Secure Interoperability for Healthcare. Sustainability 2022, 14, 9471. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14159471
Rana SK, Rana SK, Nisar K, Ag Ibrahim AA, Rana AK, Goyal N, Chawla P. Blockchain Technology and Artificial Intelligence Based Decentralized Access Control Model to Enable Secure Interoperability for Healthcare. Sustainability. 2022; 14(15):9471. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14159471
Chicago/Turabian StyleRana, Sumit Kumar, Sanjeev Kumar Rana, Kashif Nisar, Ag Asri Ag Ibrahim, Arun Kumar Rana, Nitin Goyal, and Paras Chawla. 2022. "Blockchain Technology and Artificial Intelligence Based Decentralized Access Control Model to Enable Secure Interoperability for Healthcare" Sustainability 14, no. 15: 9471. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14159471