Water Purification Effect of Ecological Floating Bed Combination Based on the Numerical Simulation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Overview of the Study Area
2.2. Model Governing Equations
2.2.1. Hydrodynamic Model
2.2.2. Water Quality Model
2.3. 2D Model Construction of the Study Area
2.3.1. Study Area Generalization
2.3.2. Simulation Condition Settings
2.4. Model Parameter Calibration and Validation
3. Results and Analysis
3.1. River Water Quality Monitoring
3.2. Analysis of Water Quality Calibration Results
3.3. Scenario
3.3.1. Research on the Formulation of an Ecological Floating Bed Combination Scheme in the River Reach
3.3.2. Analysis of the Water Quality Improvement Effect under Different Ecological Floating Bed Combinations
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sampling Point | Station | NH3-N (mg/L) | TP (mg/L) | COD (mg/L) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0+000 | 3.01 | 0.19 | 30.0 |
2 | 0+250 | 2.60 | 0.18 | 31.0 |
3 | 0+800 | 2.84 | 0.18 | 32.0 |
4 | 1+000 | 2.82 | 0.20 | 39.0 |
Parameter Description | Value | Unit |
---|---|---|
Temperature coefficient | 1.07177 | — |
Decay rate BOD | 0.03 | /d |
Nitrification rate | NH3-N.dfsu | /d |
Denitrification rate | 0.2 | /d |
Decay rate P_tot | TP.dfsu | /d |
N/BOD ratio | 0.02 | Fraction |
Nitrification yield factor | 2.57 | gO2/gNH3-N |
Used for P sedimentation | 0 | — |
Weir aeration coefficient in Holler equation | 0.21 | /m |
ECOLab time step | 30 | Seconds |
COD decay rate at 20 deg.C | COD.dfsu | /d |
Temperature coefficient for COD decay rate | 1.02 | Dimensionless |
Floating Bed Combination Area | Station Number Range | Plant Ratio/m2 | Plants as a Per-Centage of the River/% | Artificial Aquatic Plants Running Volume Ratio/% | NH3-N (/d) | TP (/d) | COD (/d) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zone 1 | 0+020 to 0+400 | Scirpus validus Vahl 1000 + Iris 400 | Scirpus validus Vah 17.86 + Iris 7.14 | 16.2 | 1.50 | 0.60 | 0.30 |
Zone 2 | 0+400 to 0+620 | Canna 300 + Lythrum salicaria 300 | Canna 12.5 + Lythrum salicaria 12.5 | 16.2 | 2.20 | 1.00 | 0.40 |
Zone 3 | 0+620 to 0+700 | Iris 400 | Iris 25 | 16.2 | 1.60 | 0.60 | 0.30 |
Plant-free area | — | — | — | — | 0.10 | 0.005 | 0.02 |
Different Stage | Sampling Point | NH3-N | TP | COD | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RMSE (mg/L) | MAE (mg/L) | d | NSE | RMSE (mg/L) | MAE (mg/L) | d | NSE | RMSE (mg/L) | MAE | d | NSE | ||
Parameter calibration | 1 | 0.12 | 0.09 | 0.99 | 0.97 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.37 | −0.22 | 0.99 | 0.98 |
2 | 0.22 | 0.14 | 0.97 | 0.89 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.93 | 0.63 | 1.24 | 1.02 | 0.94 | 0.76 | |
3 | 0.17 | −0.12 | 0.98 | 0.94 | 0.01 | −0.01 | 0.95 | 0.79 | 0.86 | −0.29 | 0.94 | 0.60 | |
4 | 0.18 | −0.08 | 0.98 | 0.92 | 0.02 | −0.01 | 0.94 | 0.80 | 1.03 | 0.54 | 0.98 | 0.91 | |
Model validation | 1 | 0.09 | −0.08 | 0.99 | 0.96 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 1.41 | −1.05 | 0.99 | 0.97 |
2 | 0.11 | −0.07 | 0.98 | 0.91 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.99 | 0.94 | 1.24 | −0.66 | 0.99 | 0.98 | |
3 | 0.17 | −0.14 | 0.90 | 0.35 | 0.01 | −0.01 | 0.87 | 0.55 | 2.42 | −2.16 | 0.94 | 0.79 | |
4 | 0.10 | −0.08 | 0.93 | 0.61 | 0.02 | −0.01 | 0.82 | 0.39 | 1.75 | −1.31 | 0.97 | 0.89 |
Scenario | Floating Bed Combination Area | Plant Ratio/m2 | Plants as a Percentage of the River/% | Artificial Aquatic Plants Running Volume Ratio% | Water Quality Index Attenuation Coefficient/d | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NH3-N | TP | COD | |||||
Q1 | 1 | Canna 600 + Scirpus validus Vahl 400 + Lythrum salicaria 400 | Canna 10.72 + Scirpus validus Vahl 7.14 + Lythrum salicaria 7.14 | 16.2 | 1.58 | 0.89 | 0.37 |
2 | Scirpus validus Vahl 430 + Lythrum salicaria 170 | Scirpus validus Vahl 17.91 + Lythrum salicaria 7.09 | 16.2 | 1.22 | 0.70 | 0.34 | |
3 | Iris 400 | Iris 25 | 16.2 | 1.52 | 0.62 | 0.30 | |
Q2 | 1 | Scirpus validus Vahl 1000 + Iris 400 | Scirpus validus Vahl 17.86 + Iris 7.14 | 16.2 | 1.50 | 0.60 | 0.30 |
2 | Lythrum salicaria 400 + Iris 200 | Lythrum salicaria 16.67 + Iris 8.33 | 16.2 | 0.86 | 0.85 | 0.35 | |
3 | Scirpus validus Vahl 200 + Canna 200 | Scirpus validus Vahl 12.5 + Canna 12.5 | 16.2 | 1.92 | 0.81 | 0.33 | |
Q3 | 1 | Scirpus validus Vahl 700 + Canna 700 | Scirpus validus Vahl 12.5 + Canna 12.5 | 16.2 | 1.92 | 0.81 | 0.33 |
2 | Scirpus validus Vahl 430 + Iris 170 | Scirpus validus Vahl 17.91 + Iris 7.09 | 16.2 | 1.50 | 0.60 | 0.30 | |
3 | Iris 200 + Lythrum salicaria 200 | Iris 12.5 + Lythrum salicaria 12.5 | 16.2 | 1.02 | 0.80 | 0.37 |
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Qiu, L.; Yu, P.; Li, S.; Ma, H.; Li, D.; Li, J. Water Purification Effect of Ecological Floating Bed Combination Based on the Numerical Simulation. Sustainability 2022, 14, 12276. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912276
Qiu L, Yu P, Li S, Ma H, Li D, Li J. Water Purification Effect of Ecological Floating Bed Combination Based on the Numerical Simulation. Sustainability. 2022; 14(19):12276. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912276
Chicago/Turabian StyleQiu, Lanqing, Ping Yu, Shaofei Li, Huixin Ma, Danying Li, and Jianzhu Li. 2022. "Water Purification Effect of Ecological Floating Bed Combination Based on the Numerical Simulation" Sustainability 14, no. 19: 12276. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912276