Exploring the Scope of Public Participation for Risk Sensitive Land Use Planning in Nepal: A Policy Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Public Participation
1.2. Contextualising Public Participation in Disaster Risk Reduction and Risk Sensitive Land Use Planning
2. The Nepali Context
2.1. Constitution and Federal Restructuring
2.2. Decentralized Disaster Governance in Nepal
2.3. Nepal-Hazard Context
3. Methods
3.1. Policy Selection
3.2. Content Analysis
3.3. Thematic Analysis
4. Findings
4.1. Public Participation as Envisioned by the Constitution
4.2. Provision of Public Participation in Local Governance Context
4.3. Provision of Public Participation in Nepal’s National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Context
4.4. Provision of Public Participation within National Urban Planning and Development Context
5. Discussion
5.1. Participation as a Malleable Concept
5.2. The Policy Language Is Non-Binding
6. Conclusions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Policy | Website | Description of Website |
---|---|---|
Constitution of Nepal | Nepal Law Commission https://lawcommission.gov.np/en/?lsvr_document_cat=existing-law-constitution (accessed on 23 August 2022) | Nepal Law Commission is Nepal’s statutory authority that is responsible to draft laws, conduct legal research, and initiate legal changes in Nepal. |
Land Use Policy | Ministry of Land Management, Co-operatives and Poverty Alleviation official website https://molcpa.gov.np/department/page/246 (accessed on 23 August 2022) | Nepal’s ministerial body that is responsible for land administration and management |
National Urban Development Strategy | Ministry of Urban Development official website https://moud.gov.np/pages/publications (accessed on 23 August 2022) | Nepal’s ministerial body that is responsible for overseeing development of urban areas, housing, building construction, etc. |
Local Governance Operation Act (2017) | Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Administration official website https://mofaga.gov.np/news-notice/1697 (accessed on 23 August 2022) | Nepal’s ministerial body that supervises local governments in carrying out its roles on local development, service delivery, policy making, etc. |
National Policy for Disaster Risk Reduction | National Disaster Risk Reduction Portal http://drrportal.gov.np/uploads/document/1476.pdf (accessed on 23 August 2022) | Nepal’s official Website for disseminating any updates and information on DRR, including directives, disaster events, etc. |
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act | https://bipad.gov.np/uploads/publication_pdf/DRRM_Act_and_Regulation_english.pdf (accessed on 23 August 2022) | National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Authority’s official Disaster Information Management System website. |
Disaster Risk Reduction National Strategic Plan of Action (2018–2030) | National Disaster Risk Reduction Portal http://drrportal.gov.np/uploads/document/1475.pdf (accessed on 23 August 2022) | Nepal’s official Website for disseminating any updates and information on DRR, including directives, disaster events, etc. |
The Fifteen Plan (2019–2023) | National Planning Commission Website https://npc.gov.np/en/category/periodic_plans (accessed on 23 August 2022) | Nepal Law Commission is a statutory body formed in order to draft laws, conduct legal research and initiate legal reforms in Nepal. |
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Document Type | Date | Title | Acronym |
---|---|---|---|
Constitution | 2015 | Constitution of Nepal [53] | |
Policy | 2015 | Land Use Policy [54] | |
National Development Strategy | 2017 | National Urban Development Strategy [55] | NUDS |
Act | 2017 | Local Governance Operation Act (2017) [56] | LGOA |
Policy | 2018 | National Policy for Disaster Risk Reduction [57] | |
Act | 2017 | Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act [57] | DRRM Act |
Plan | 2018 | Disaster Risk Reduction National Strategic Plan of Action (2018–2030) [58] | |
Plan | 2019 | The Fifteen Plan (2019–2023) [59] |
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Sharma, A.; Donovan, K.; Krishnamurthy, S.; Creed, M. Exploring the Scope of Public Participation for Risk Sensitive Land Use Planning in Nepal: A Policy Review. Sustainability 2022, 14, 14137. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114137
Sharma A, Donovan K, Krishnamurthy S, Creed M. Exploring the Scope of Public Participation for Risk Sensitive Land Use Planning in Nepal: A Policy Review. Sustainability. 2022; 14(21):14137. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114137
Chicago/Turabian StyleSharma, Ashrika, Katherine Donovan, Sukanya Krishnamurthy, and Maggie Creed. 2022. "Exploring the Scope of Public Participation for Risk Sensitive Land Use Planning in Nepal: A Policy Review" Sustainability 14, no. 21: 14137. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114137