Global or Local Spatial Spillovers? Industrial Diversity and Economic Resilience in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Urban Agglomeration, China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. The Concepts and Measurements of Economic Resilience
2.2. Industrial Structure and Regional Economic Resilience
2.3. Global Versus Local Spatial Spillovers
3. Study Region
4. Methods
4.1. Measuring Economic Resilience
4.2. Measuring Industrial Variety
4.3. The Empirical Model
4.4. The Role of Spatial Spillovers
5. Results and Discussion
5.1. Preliminary Analysis
5.2. Regression Analysis
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mean | S.D. | Max | Min | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Recovery resistance 2008–2009 | −0.085 | 0.436 | 1.226 | −0.924 |
Recovery resistance 2008–2010 | 0.409 | 0.208 | 0.944 | 0.025 |
Recovery resistance 2008–2012 | 0.458 | 0.185 | 1.074 | 0.102 |
Related variety | 0.839 | 0.172 | 1.098 | 0.462 |
Unrelated variety | 2.728 | 0.306 | 3.106 | 1.844 |
GDP per capita | 20159 | 9533 | 45765 | 9001 |
Employment | 164,507 | 127,150 | 680,431 | 29,593 |
Fixed investment | 0.533 | 0.164 | 0.909 | 0.227 |
Secondary sector | 0.485 | 0.081 | 0.627 | 0.333 |
No. of Neighbors | SLX | SDM | SDEM | |
---|---|---|---|---|
One-year recovery | 2 | 0.0005 | 0.0122 | 0.0006 |
3 | 0.1211 | 0.2502 | 0.2579 | |
4 | 0.0749 | 0.1112 | 0.1634 | |
5 | 0.0002 | 0.0008 | 0.0008 | |
6 | 0.0008 | 0.0030 | 0.0025 | |
Two-year recovery | 2 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 |
3 | 0.0100 | 0.0130 | 0.0132 | |
4 | 0.2180 | 0.2673 | 0.4784 | |
5 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | |
6 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0001 | |
Four-year recovery | 2 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 |
3 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0002 | |
4 | 0.1503 | 0.2097 | 0.5385 | |
5 | 0.0002 | 0.0012 | 0.0029 | |
6 | 0.0095 | 0.0209 | 0.0665 |
Recovery 2008–2009 | Recovery 2008–2010 | Recovery 2008–2012 | |
---|---|---|---|
Model | SDEM | SDEM | SDEM |
No. of neighbors | 3 | 4 | 4 |
Direct effect | |||
Related variety | 1.736 ** | 3.087 *** | 0.562 |
Unrelated variety | −0.073 | −2.303 | −0.090 |
GDP per capita | 0.338 | −2.315 * | −1.935 *** |
Employment | 0.577 | 1.920 ** | 0.842 ** |
Fixed investment | 0.211 | 0.622 | 0.293 |
Secondary sector | 0.892 | 4.959 ** | 2.702 *** |
Indirect effect | |||
W × related variety | 4.484 * | 3.723 | 1.228 |
W × unrelated variety | −7.964 * | −2.220 | −0.756 |
W × GDP per capita | −0.030 | −5.374 | −3.450 * |
W × employment | 4.710 *** | 10.030 *** | 4.042 *** |
W × fixed investment | −3.043 ** | −6.688 *** | −2.264 ** |
W × secondary sector | 2.313 | 13.423 ** | 3.181 |
Regional dummies | Yes | Yes | Yes |
W × regional dummies | Yes | Yes | Yes |
No. of observations | 31 | 31 | 31 |
Pseudo R2 | 0.543 | 0.711 | 0.743 |
λ | 0.591 *** | 0.748 *** | 0.678 ** |
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Li, X.; Chen, J. Global or Local Spatial Spillovers? Industrial Diversity and Economic Resilience in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Urban Agglomeration, China. Sustainability 2023, 15, 11376. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411376
Li X, Chen J. Global or Local Spatial Spillovers? Industrial Diversity and Economic Resilience in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Urban Agglomeration, China. Sustainability. 2023; 15(14):11376. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411376
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Xiaojing, and Jing Chen. 2023. "Global or Local Spatial Spillovers? Industrial Diversity and Economic Resilience in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Urban Agglomeration, China" Sustainability 15, no. 14: 11376. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411376