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Sustainability
Volume 15
Issue 18
10.3390/su151813932
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Article

Effects of Subsurface Pipe Drainage Spacing on Soil Salinity Movement in Jiangsu Coastal Reclamation Area

by
Danni Han
1,
Chao Chen
2,
Fan Wang
3,
Wenping Li
3,
Hao Peng
3,
Qiu Jin
1,*,
Bo Bi
1,*,
Hiba Shaghaleh
4 and
Yousef Alhaj Hamoud
5
1
State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
2
Jiangsu Coastal Development Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210036, China
3
Jiangsu Coastal Ecological Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210036, China
4
College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
5
College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2023, 15(18), 13932; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813932
Submission received: 13 August 2023 / Revised: 4 September 2023 / Accepted: 14 September 2023 / Published: 19 September 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green and Sustainable Agricultural Practices in Times of Climate Change)
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Abstract

The agricultural development of reclaimed coastal areas in Jiangsu Province is significantly hindered by high soil salinity and an inadequate irrigation and drainage infrastructure. Optimizing the layout of subsurface drainage systems has been identified as an effective means of reducing soil salinity, with the proper designation of engineering parameters being crucial. This study applied 12 treatments (T1–T12) consisting of four different spacings of subsurface drainage pipes (6 m, 11 m, 15 m, and no subsurface drainage pipes) and three observation wells at varying distances from the drainage outlet (5 m, 25 m, and 45 m). Results showed that all three subsurface pipe spacing treatments significantly reduced soil salinity compared to natural drainage, with a smaller subsurface pipe spacing treatment leading to better salt-reducing effects. The farther the distance from the measuring point to the drain, the higher the salinity. As the burial depth of the outlet decreased and spacing between the subsurface drainage pipes decreased, the salinization rate of the 0–60 cm soil layer was higher, while the salt accumulation in the 60–80 cm soil layer was more severe. Therefore, a subsurface drainage pipe spacing of 6 m and an outlet burial depth of 40 cm are recommended as more suitable choices to effectively control salt concentration in the soil. The research aimed to provide scientific reference data and technical support for the optimized design of subsurface drainage engineering parameters while promoting efficient desalination of saline-alkali areas worldwide.
Keywords: sustainable agriculture; soil amelioration; subsurface drainage; desalination technology; engineering parameter; optimal design sustainable agriculture; soil amelioration; subsurface drainage; desalination technology; engineering parameter; optimal design

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MDPI and ACS Style

Han, D.; Chen, C.; Wang, F.; Li, W.; Peng, H.; Jin, Q.; Bi, B.; Shaghaleh, H.; Hamoud, Y.A. Effects of Subsurface Pipe Drainage Spacing on Soil Salinity Movement in Jiangsu Coastal Reclamation Area. Sustainability 2023, 15, 13932. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813932

AMA Style

Han D, Chen C, Wang F, Li W, Peng H, Jin Q, Bi B, Shaghaleh H, Hamoud YA. Effects of Subsurface Pipe Drainage Spacing on Soil Salinity Movement in Jiangsu Coastal Reclamation Area. Sustainability. 2023; 15(18):13932. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813932

Chicago/Turabian Style

Han, Danni, Chao Chen, Fan Wang, Wenping Li, Hao Peng, Qiu Jin, Bo Bi, Hiba Shaghaleh, and Yousef Alhaj Hamoud. 2023. "Effects of Subsurface Pipe Drainage Spacing on Soil Salinity Movement in Jiangsu Coastal Reclamation Area" Sustainability 15, no. 18: 13932. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813932

APA Style

Han, D., Chen, C., Wang, F., Li, W., Peng, H., Jin, Q., Bi, B., Shaghaleh, H., & Hamoud, Y. A. (2023). Effects of Subsurface Pipe Drainage Spacing on Soil Salinity Movement in Jiangsu Coastal Reclamation Area. Sustainability, 15(18), 13932. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813932

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