Ensuring Power Balance in the Electrical Grid of an Oil-and-Gas-Producing Enterprise with Distributed Generation Using Associated Petroleum Gas

Round 1

Reviewer 1 Report

The paper proposes a methodology to balance the power in the grid. However, the paper was not written well. The contribution of the work is not clear.  Comparison should be made with the previous work and what is the significant improvement that the proposed methodology gained?

The abstract should be written to attract the reader and also to highlight the contribution of the work.

can be improved

Author Response

1. In the second section, links to previous studies are added:

The research goal is the development a multi-agent model of an oil and gas producing enterprise electrotechnical complex with distributed generation to ensure pow-er balance in the electrical grid [24]. At the first stage of the research, the functions of the agents in multi-agent model of the OGPE ETC with DG was formed, taking into ac-count the data sets used [25]. At the second stage of the research, methodology has been developed to ensure power balance, which makes it possible to take into account the possible control actions provided for in the multi-agent model of the OGPE ETC with DG [26,27].

At the final stage of the work, analysis of the following experiments was carried out:

• Evaluate the error of the developed methodology for ensuring power balance in electrical grid;
• Evaluate the error of modeling the control actions in a digital multi-agent model on a real physical object;
• Evaluate the error of the electric power calculation, based on the heat out-put of APG, when developing methodology for ensuring power balance [28].

2. The Abstract was rewritten:

The purpose of the research is to develop a multi-agent model of electrotechnical complex at an oil and gas producing enterprise to ensure power balance in the electrical grid of an oil and gas pro-duction enterprise, taking into account increase in the income part of the balance when implementing low and medium power generating plants using associated petroleum gas. Previously, the structure of a multi-agent system and the principles of agent interaction were developed, taking into account the dependence between the electrical energy generation and consumption processes, and the technological process at oil and gas production. In this research the multi-agent approach is based on the application of the developed methodology for ensuring power balance in the electrical grid of an oil and gas production enterprise. The fuel balance during electricity generation under various scenarios of electrical modes in electrotechnical complexes is considered. To test the performance and evaluate the error of the methodology, digital and physical models of electrotechnical complex at oil and gas production enterprise with distributed generation facilities of low and medium power were developed. One of the most important factors that determines the efficiency of ensuring power balance in the electrical grid of an oil and gas producing enterprise is taking into account in power balance equation the power generated through the use of associated petroleum gas produced by oil production facilities.

Reviewer 2 Report

Ø  Start with a brief introduction to remind readers of the research goals and objectives before diving into the experimental details.

Ø  Provide clear explanations of the experimental results and how they relate to the research objectives.

Ø  Discuss the significance of the findings and their implications for developing the multi-agent model and ensuring power balance in the electrical grid.

Ø  Include references for any devices, equipment, or tools used in the experiments to enhance the study's credibility.

Ø  Discuss the results' potential practical applications and real-world relevance and their contribution to advancing small and medium power distributed generation.

Ø  Address any limitations or constraints encountered during the experiments and their potential impact on the research outcomes.

 

Ø  Summarize the key contributions and achievements of the research comprehensively and conclusively.

Author Response

1. In the second section, links to previous studies were added:

The research goal is the development a multi-agent model of an oil and gas producing enterprise electrotechnical complex with distributed generation to ensure pow-er balance in the electrical grid [24]. At the first stage of the research, the functions of the agents in multi-agent model of the OGPE ETC with DG was formed, taking into ac-count the data sets used [25]. At the second stage of the research, methodology has been developed to ensure power balance, which makes it possible to take into account the possible control actions provided for in the multi-agent model of the OGPE ETC with DG [26,27].

At the final stage of the work, analysis of the following experiments was carried out:

• Evaluate the error of the developed methodology for ensuring power balance in electrical grid;
• Evaluate the error of modeling the control actions in a digital multi-agent model on a real physical object;
• Evaluate the error of the electric power calculation, based on the heat out-put of APG, when developing methodology for ensuring power balance [28].

2. More descriptions were added of experiments in sections 4.1-4.3
3. The description was added on page 11:

The multi-agent approach makes it possible to structure the elements of electro-technical complex and provides more opportunities for ensuring power balance in the electrical grid due to the clear linking of power flows to electrotechnical complex ele-ments, right down to the process of converting the fuel flow into the incoming part of the power balance.

4. The links were added to laboratory stands:
5. Laboratory stand «Electrical machines and electric drive 1.5 kW» as part of the Electrical Engineering laboratory by research and production enterprise "Uchtech pro" Available online: https://labstand.ru/expert/laboratoriya-elektrotehnika (accessed on 29 May 2023).
6. Laboratory stand «Model of the electrical system» by LLC "IPC "Uchebnaya Tekhnika" Available online: https://galsen.ru/catalog/elektroenergetika/model-elektricheskoj-sistemy10/ee1-s-r (accessed on 29 May 2023).
7. Small-size gas turbine engines 9I56 series by Public Joint Stock Company "Kaluga Engine" Available online: https://kadvi.ru/product/malorazmernie-gdt/ (accessed on 29 May 2023).
8. The description was added on page 11

The results of the experiment are used to build a multi-agent model of electro-technical complex at an oil and gas production enterprise. This allows you to accurate-ly select the composition of the power plant based on the gas parameters of field and its ability to generate electricity at small and medium power generation facilities.

7. Limitations taken into account: voltage in the grid in the range of 361–399 V, the parameters of the generation agent should not exceed the passport values of the equipment: the excitation current of the synchronous generator is 2 A, the stator current of the induction motor is 8 A.
8. The description was added at the Conclusion:

When applying this method, it is possible to introduce small and medium power gen-eration facilities into the electrical grid of an oil and gas production enterprise where previously this was impossible due to the limitations imposed by factors ensuring power balance. The developed methodology for ensuring power balance takes into ac-count the power generated through the use of AGP produced by oil production facili-ties, and electrical loads represented by settlements located near the fields are added to the structure of multi-agent model.

Reviewer 3 Report

1. Figure 6 - What does addiction in the figure caption refer? It is not clear.

2. I see there are experiments. But I am not clear how the simulations were performed? Please elaborate in the paper. 

3. Please elaborate table 7 as its not clear where the information is being used. Discussion shown below Table 7 is generic and does not clearly explain why this settlements were chosen for study as well as how your method will benefit the clusters.

 

Overall good paper but need more emphasis on the advantage of this automatic method as well the final outcome where the benefit will be seen 

- Moderate editing of English and grammar is needed

Author Response

1. The trend line on the plot shows that the greater the calculated fuel heat output, the lower the fuel consumption for the power plant.
2. The experimental idea is to burn APG at fixed values of air and fuel consumption and to identify the relationship between the composition of APG and its combustion temperature in a laboratory installation close to real small and medium power generation facilities. APG combustion temperature directly affects the amount of electricity generated.
3. The description was added at the Discussion:

Such conclusions were made based on the results of an experiment to calculate the generated electrical energy from APG and application of a multi-agent approach to structuring load and generation objects in a cluster. Previously, due to factors ensuring power balance in electrical grid of these clusters, the possibility of introducing small and medium power generation facilities was not considered. Taking into account the conversion of gas combustion energy into electrical energy at small and medium power facilities will make it possible to more accurately assess possible scenarios of electrical modes and, accordingly, ensure a balance of power in the electrical grid of an oil and gas producing enterprise.

Round 2

Reviewer 1 Report

The authors have address all the comments. Please double check typing errors and the english need to be proof read.

The english need minor correction. Please do proof read by the professional

Author Response

Thank you very much for your comments!

We've carefully checked the paper's text, especially Introduction, Discussion, Conclusion.