Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intention of Youth for Agriculture Start-Up: An Integrated Model
Round 1
Reviewer 1 Report
Comments to the Authors
Recommendation: Minor Revision
First, I would like to thank the editor for trusting me with the opportunity to review this research, "Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intention of Youth for Agriculture Start-up: An Integrated Model.” The Introduction section is articulated very well and builds upon on problem. The literature, methods, and results also seem fine to a greater extent. The study seems to potentially contribute to the literature subject to a minor revision. Some of the suggestions are given as follows:
1- The introduction section seems fine and builds upon the problem very well. However, I suggest the authors add specific research questions (corresponding to the research objectives of the study) at the end of the introduction section.
2- The literature in support of the hypotheses arguably seems fine. However, the authors are suggested to cite more latest references. Some of the suggestions are as follows:
Anwar, I., Alalyani, W. R., Thoudam, P., Khan, R., & Saleem, I. (2022). The role of entrepreneurship education and inclination on the nexus of entrepreneurial motivation, individual entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial intention: Testing the model using moderated-mediation approach. Journal of Education for Business, 97(8), 531-541. https://doi.org/10.1080/08832323.2021.1997886
Thoudam, P., Anwar, I., Bino, E., Thoudam, M., Chanu, A. M., & Saleem, I. (2022). Passionate, motivated and creative yet not starting up: A moderated-moderation approach with entrepreneurship education and fear of failure as moderators. Industry and Higher Education, 09504222221120779. https://doi.org/10.1177/09504222221120779
Uddin, M., Chowdhury, R. A., Hoque, N., Ahmad, A., Mamun, A., & Uddin, M. N. (2022). Developing entrepreneurial intentions among business graduates of higher educational institutions through entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial passion: A moderated mediation model. The International Journal of Management Education, 20(2), 100647. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2022.100647
Cui, J., Sun, J., & Bell, R. (2021). The impact of entrepreneurship education on the entrepreneurial mindset of college students in China: The mediating role of inspiration and the role of educational attributes. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), 100296. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2019.04.001
3- I suggest the authors add hypotheses numbers to each proposed path in the Research Framework (Figure 1). Moreover, also correct the spelling of Framework.
4- In the methods section, authors are suggested to add a new sub-section, “data preparation/screening,” delineating how the raw data were prepared (dealing with missing values, unengaged responses, and outlier responses) before measurement model establishment and hypotheses testing.
5- I also suggest adding a table showing the demographic properties of the sample.
6- The authors should also report how they tackle common method bias.
7- The discussion seems quite a week and needs some attention. Kindly improve the discussion while being critical of the previous literature.
8- I also suggest the authors make the practical implications more specific while corresponding to the findings.
9- Moderate language checks for punctuation errors and proofreading are also required.
Author Response
Dear Reviewer,
We thank you in advance for your comments and suggestions for our paper. We have made adjustments and improvements to the paper based on your suggestions and directions. Here we attach the response we did based on your suggestion.
Hopefully our paper can meet the criteria of this review process.
Thank you,
Regards.
1: The introduction section seems fine and builds upon the problem very well. However, I suggest the authors add specific research questions (corresponding to the research objectives of the study) at the end of the introduction section.
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have added specific research questions at the end of the introductory section (In paper, please check lines 127-137).
“Where the novelty of this research is to further analyze the factors of sustainable young entrepreneur interest in agricultural startups. The analysis was carried out to provide answers to the research questions, namely the extent to which the variable subjective norms of attitude and behavior control have an influence on the Shapero entrepreneurship event model (perceived desirability and perceived feasibility), and the intention to continue entrepreneurship in agricultural startups. Where, information on the determinants of youth entrepreneurship interest in agricultural start-ups, of course, can help support practical business among prospective entrepreneurs. Based on the results of the research conducted, it is hoped that it can become a reference for the government in increasing Youth Entrepreneurial Interest in Indonesia.”
2: The literature in support of the hypotheses arguably seems fine. However, the authors are suggested to cite more latest references.
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have added the latest references to support the research hypothesis as suggested (please check lines 179-182, 198, 204, and 222).
3: I suggest the authors add hypotheses numbers to each proposed path in the Research Framework (Figure 1). Moreover, also correct the spelling of Framework.
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have made improvements to Figure 1, by adding a hypothesis number to each of the proposed paths (please check lines 253).
4: I In the methods section, authors are suggested to add a new sub-section, “data preparation/screening,” delineating how the raw data were prepared (dealing with missing values, unengaged responses, and outlier responses) before measurement model establishment and hypotheses testing.
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have made improvements according to the input provided regarding the research method section (In paper, please check lines 267-277).
“The data collected has gone through a filtering process by removing data from respondents who are under 19 years old and over 35 years old. So that the respondent data used in the study focused on the age range of 19 to 35 years. While the preparation of the hypothesis in this study, of course, has also gone through a filtering process by fulfilling the criteria, namely stating a relationship between two or more variables in the study, testable, based on facts and must be based on opinions or theories from experts or results from research other relevant. In addition, triangulation of research data sources is carried out by checking the validity of the data by utilizing various data sources such as papers, interview results, observation results or also by interviewing more than one subject who is considered to have a different point of view.”
5: I also suggest adding a table showing the demographic properties of the sample.
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have added a table related to the demographic data of the research sample (please check lines 278-286).
6: The authors should also report how they tackle common method bias.
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have made additions to overcome bias in the research conducted (please check lines 287-290).
7: The discussion seems quite a week and needs some attention. Kindly improve the discussion while being critical of the previous literature.
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have added a comparative discussion supported by previous research (please check lines 412-478).
8: I also suggest the authors make the practical implications more specific while corresponding to the findings.
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have added a discussion regarding more specific implications related to research findings (In paper, please check lines 515-522).
“In addition, based on the research results confirms that in increasing interest in sustainable entrepreneurship for youth, it is necessary to pay attention to several main elements, namely attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. So, it is necessary to improve these three elements, through government involvement in holding training activities for the younger generation. Thus, it can increase the participation of the younger generation of entrepreneurs, the implication is that it can also increase attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control related to interest in entrepreneurship for young people in Indonesia.”
9: Moderate language checks for punctuation errors and proofreading are also required.
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have checked and corrected errors related to punctuation in the paper.
Author Response File: 
Author Response.docx
Reviewer 2 Report
1) Abstract: The entrepreneurship is an important issue in the economy...the authors should write "Entrepreneurship is an important...." (without "The")
2) "Hypothethis 1a should be suppotred by more literature
3) The definition of subjective norms needs to be supported by literature resources
4) Hypothesis 1b should be written as "Subjective norms HAVE (not "has")....
5) "Hypothethis 1c should be suppotred by more literature resources
6) every figure and table needs a source (for example "authors' own work)
7) in the section of suggestions authors write "third" while they have not previously mentioned "first, second, etc". I would suggest to avoid using the term "third". The same for the 5 and 6.1
In general, I suggest authors to use more literature resources to support hypotheses.
Author Response
Dear Reviewer,
We thank you in advance for your comments and suggestions for our paper. We have made adjustments and improvements to the paper based on your suggestions and directions. Here we attach the response we did based on your suggestion.
Hopefully our paper can meet the criteria of this review process.
Thank you,
Regards.
1: Abstract: The entrepreneurship is an important issue in the economy...the authors should write "Entrepreneurship is an important...." (without "The").
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have made improvements according to the feedback provided (please check line 8).
2: "Hypothethis 1a should be suppotred by more literature.
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have made improvements according to the feedback provided (please check lines 178-182).
3: The definition of subjective norms needs to be supported by literature resources.
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have made improvements by adding literature sources according to the input provided (please check lines 198, 204).
4: Hypothesis 1b should be written as "Subjective norms HAVE (not "has")...
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have made improvements according to the feedback provided (please check line 207).
5: "Hypothethis 1c should be supported by more literature resources.
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have made improvements by adding literature sources according to the input provided (please check line 222).
6: Every figure and table needs a source (for example "authors' own work).
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have made improvements to each figure and table for the sources used.
7: In the section of suggestions authors write "third" while they have not previously mentioned "first, second, etc". I would suggest to avoid using the term "third". The same for the 5 and 6.1.
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have made improvements according to the suggestions given by removing the terms "first, second and third" (please check lines 416, 437, 450, 484, 487, 494, 545, 547, 453).
Author Response File: Author Response.docx
Reviewer 3 Report
Dear authors,
The article is relevant but needs to be improved.
1. Abstract needs improvement:
- in line 12-13 it is indicated that "Through structural equation analysis ..", but it is not clear and not complete, what did this analysis show?
- in line 15-17 "According to the findings, practition ..." this sentence is already clear, what is the recommendation or result?
- line 18-20 is not clear from where the authors "it is hoped" in relation to the government? Has the forecast been made?
- please show the results and novelty of the study.
2. Introduction is too long and includes common knowledge (line 63-65)
3. It is desirable to structure at the end of the Entry what Sections are expected and their importance.
4. It is desirable to add analytics regarding the age of entrepreneurs. At what age will they more easily implement new technologies. How will this indicator differ in other countries? Do cultural characteristics influence decision-making?
5. Add information about the actions of the authorities to introduce sustainable thinking. How does the government support development? What else can be done?
6. Calculate the price of changing the entrepreneur's mindset. How much money should be spent to create educational courses for everyone to implement sustainable technologies. Consider financing methods.
7. Line 441 "Ministry of Agriculture" refers to Indonesia?
8. There are punctuation and grammatical errors that require proofreading.
Author Response
Dear Reviewer,
We thank you in advance for your comments and suggestions for our paper. We have made adjustments and improvements to the paper based on your suggestions and directions. Here we attach the response we did based on your suggestion.
Hopefully our paper can meet the criteria of this review process.
Thank you,
Regards.
1: Abstract needs improvement:
- in line 12-13 it is indicated that "Through structural equation analysis ..", but it is not clear and not complete, what did this analysis show?
- in line 15-17 "According to the findings, practition ..." this sentence is already clear, what is the recommendation or result?
- line 18-20 is not clear from where the authors "it is hoped" in relation to the government? Has the forecast been made?
- please show the results and novelty of the study.
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have made improvements according to the suggestions given in the Abstract section (please check lines 8-21).
2: Introduction is too long and includes common knowledge (line 63-65).
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have reduced sentences in the introduction according to the suggestions given (In paper, please check lines 60-74).
“The development of startups in the 21st century is driven by the development of science and technology, changes in business models, globalization, climate change the digital economy and industry 4.0 [21, 24, 25, 19]. The start-up revolution that has oc-curred due to digital disruption has created world giant companies that initially started from the garages of these technopreneurs [24 - 26]. In other words, this startup emerged in line with digital disruption as indicated by the increase in internet users worldwide, especially in Indonesia, which reached 102 million users and ranks 6th in the world as internet users whose growth is relatively fast [27- 29]. According to data from e-marketers, it is estimated that the growth of internet users in Indonesia in 2018 will reach more than 120 million [17, 19 - 21]. This is also reinforced by statement that agri-cultural start-ups in Indonesia began to emerge since the widespread use of the internet and the emergence of businesses related to internet technology [23, 30]. However, un-like the case with the use of technology associated with farmers, data from the 2018 Agricultural Census shows that Internet users among farmers are still very low, namely only 13% of Farmers who have used the Internet [28, 31].”
3: It is desirable to structure at the end of the Entry what Sections are expected and their importance.
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have added sentences at the end of the introduction according to the suggestions given (In paper, please check lines 127-137).
“Where the novelty of this research is to further analyze the factors of sustainable young entrepreneur interest in agricultural startups. The analysis was carried out to provide answers to the research questions, namely the extent to which the variable subjective norms of attitude and behavior control have an influence on the Shapero entrepreneurship event model (perceived desirability and perceived feasibility), and the intention to continue entrepreneurship in agricultural startups. Where, information on the determinants of youth entrepreneurship interest in agricultural start-ups, of course, can help support practical business among prospective entrepreneurs. Based on the results of the research conducted, it is hoped that it can become a reference for the government in increasing Youth Entrepreneurial Interest in Indonesia.”
4: It is desirable to add analytics regarding the age of entrepreneurs. At what age will they more easily implement new technologies. How will this indicator differ in other countries? Do cultural characteristics influence decision-making?
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
As for age indicators, we did not include them in the model analysis process, we will consider them for research that we will conduct later. However, in the discussion section we add an explanation regarding the age of the younger generation, and cultural characteristics based on research that has been conducted in several countries. (In paper, please check lines 459-478).
“The millennial generation in Indonesia does have a strong desire to become a young entrepreneur in the future [108]. This is inseparable from the millennial spirit who really wants to make a big impact and contribute to society at large. The idea that the most successful new business ventures come from young people, even the very young, is now widespread. Younger people are often thought to be less attached to current thinking and they are more innovative with extraordinary ideas. Young people have more time and energy. According to [109], the age of 18-25 years is the golden age when starting a business, where at that age they have brilliant ideas, unlimited energy, sharp minds, and are younger when it comes to implementing new technologies. In the study of [110] conducted in Tunisia, for the age range between 18-25 years young entrepreneurs are on average already able to create their own business. In addition, in the study by [111], stated that during the pandemic, young entrepreneurs were able to adapt digital entrepreneurship in developing their business. In addition, according to [94], states that the level of influence of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceptions of behavioral control on models of entrepreneurial activity in each country will certainly be different. This is influenced by the culture and social life that is formed in each country. The cultural dynamics that exist in every country, of course, can provide motivation for young refugees [112]. There are countries with a cultural level that encourages young entrepreneurs to start their businesses early, and there are also countries with a culture that lacks motivation for young entrepreneurs to start their businesses.”
5: Add information about the actions of the authorities to introduce sustainable thinking. How does the government support development? What else can be done?
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have made improvements by adding information about the role the government needs to perform (In paper, please check lines 515-522).
“In addition, based on the research results confirms that in increasing interest in sustainable entrepreneurship for youth, it is necessary to pay attention to several main elements, namely attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control. So, it is necessary to improve these three elements, through government involvement in holding training activities for the younger generation. Thus, it can increase the participation of the younger generation of entrepreneurs, the implication is that it can also increase attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control related to interest in entrepreneurship for young people in Indonesia.”
6: Calculate the price of changing the entrepreneur's mindset. How much money should be spent to create educational courses for everyone to implement sustainable technologies. Consider financing methods.
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
For the calculation of the training financing price that must be spent, in this study we did not do it in the analysis process. However, we thank you for your input. The input given can be a consideration for us in conducting further research. Of course, in calculating the amount of money spent, you can use the financing method according to the advice given.
7: Line 441 "Ministry of Agriculture" refers to Indonesia?
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have made improvements by adding Indonesia country information (please check line 511).
8: There are punctuation and grammatical errors that require proofreading.
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have checked and corrected the grammatical errors contained in the paper.
Author Response File: Author Response.docx
Round 2
Reviewer 2 Report
The authors write "Meanwhile, several past studies have claimed that the low entrepreneurial intention 93 is caused by several factors, by referencing a number of theories". -Ηere some studies should be mentioned
The authors write "Source: the work of the author"- I suggest "author's own work"
Author Response
Dear Reviewer,
We thank you in advance for your comments and suggestions for our paper. We have made adjustments and improvements to the paper based on your suggestions and directions. Here we attach the response we did based on your suggestion.
Hopefully our paper can meet the criteria of this review process.
Thank you,
Regards.
1: The authors write "Meanwhile, several past studies have claimed that the low entrepreneurial intention 93 is caused by several factors, by referencing a number of theories". -Ηere some studies should be mentioned.
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have made improvements according to the feedback provided (In paper, please check lines 93-94).
“Meanwhile, several past studies have claimed that the low entrepreneurial intention is caused by several factors, by referencing a number of theories [1-4, 8, 23, 33-36].”
2: The authors write "Source: the work of the author"- I suggest "author's own work".
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for your comments and suggestions, here are the responses that we have corrected according to your directions.
We have made improvements according to the feedback provided (In paper, please check line 253).
“Source: author's own work”
