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Volume 15
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Article

Effects of Land Use and Cropping on Soil Erosion in Agricultural Frontier Areas in the Cerrado-Amazon Ecotone, Brazil, Using a Rainfall Simulator Experiment

by
Marco Aurélio Barbosa Alves
1,
Adilson Pacheco de Souza
2,
Frederico Terra de Almeida
2,
Aaron Kinyu Hoshide
3,4,
Handrey Borges Araújo
2,
Apoliano Francisco da Silva
2 and
Daniel Fonseca de Carvalho
5,*
1
Postgraduate Program in Agronomy-Soil Sciences, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica 23897-045, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
2
Institute of Agrarian and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop 78557-287, Mato Grosso, Brazil
3
College of Natural Sciences, Forestry and Agriculture, The University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
4
AgriSciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Caixa Postal 729, Sinop 78550-970, Mato Grosso, Brazil
5
Institute of Technology, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica 23897-000, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4954; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15064954
Submission received: 6 January 2023 / Revised: 1 March 2023 / Accepted: 7 March 2023 / Published: 10 March 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Agricultural Development Economics and Policy)
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Abstract

Agricultural soils provide ecosystem services, but the removal of natural vegetation reduces water infiltration capacity, increasing surface runoff. Thus, monitoring erosion is critical for sustainable agricultural management. Sediment losses and surface runoff were evaluated using a simulated rainfall of 75 mm/h in areas with crops and pastures in both the Caiabi River and Renato River sub-basins of the Teles Pires River watershed in Mato Grosso State, Brazil. In both the Caiabi and Renato sub-basins, data were collected from 156 observations in the upper, middle, and lower regions where (1) soybeans, (2) maize, and (3) pasture were grown alone, with another crop, or with soil that was scarified. Erosion occurred independent of soil texture and was closely related to the management and use of systems involving fewer crops and more soil scarification, regardless of sub-basin location. In uncovered, scarified soil, the soil losses from erosion were greater compared to covered soil, regardless of sub-basin and sub-basin region. In the Renato River sub-basin, soil losses in cultivated areas not planted with crops but with scarification were 66.01, 90.79, and 60.02 g/square meter in the upper, middle, and lower regions, respectively. Agricultural producers need to increase the planting of crops throughout the year and minimize soil disturbance, which will reduce soil erosion and improve sustainability.
Keywords: Cerrado-Amazon; crops; geoprocessing; GIS; land use; mapping; rainfall simulator; satellite images; soil erosion Cerrado-Amazon; crops; geoprocessing; GIS; land use; mapping; rainfall simulator; satellite images; soil erosion

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MDPI and ACS Style

Alves, M.A.B.; de Souza, A.P.; de Almeida, F.T.; Hoshide, A.K.; Araújo, H.B.; da Silva, A.F.; de Carvalho, D.F. Effects of Land Use and Cropping on Soil Erosion in Agricultural Frontier Areas in the Cerrado-Amazon Ecotone, Brazil, Using a Rainfall Simulator Experiment. Sustainability 2023, 15, 4954. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15064954

AMA Style

Alves MAB, de Souza AP, de Almeida FT, Hoshide AK, Araújo HB, da Silva AF, de Carvalho DF. Effects of Land Use and Cropping on Soil Erosion in Agricultural Frontier Areas in the Cerrado-Amazon Ecotone, Brazil, Using a Rainfall Simulator Experiment. Sustainability. 2023; 15(6):4954. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15064954

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alves, Marco Aurélio Barbosa, Adilson Pacheco de Souza, Frederico Terra de Almeida, Aaron Kinyu Hoshide, Handrey Borges Araújo, Apoliano Francisco da Silva, and Daniel Fonseca de Carvalho. 2023. "Effects of Land Use and Cropping on Soil Erosion in Agricultural Frontier Areas in the Cerrado-Amazon Ecotone, Brazil, Using a Rainfall Simulator Experiment" Sustainability 15, no. 6: 4954. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15064954

APA Style

Alves, M. A. B., de Souza, A. P., de Almeida, F. T., Hoshide, A. K., Araújo, H. B., da Silva, A. F., & de Carvalho, D. F. (2023). Effects of Land Use and Cropping on Soil Erosion in Agricultural Frontier Areas in the Cerrado-Amazon Ecotone, Brazil, Using a Rainfall Simulator Experiment. Sustainability, 15(6), 4954. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15064954

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