Mapping the Knowledge Structure and Unveiling the Research Trends in Social Entrepreneurship and Inclusive Development: A Bibliometric Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. Social Entrepreneurship
2.2. Inclusive Development
2.3. Bibliometric Analysis
3. Materials and Methods
4. Results
4.1. Performance Analysis
4.2. Most Influential Journals
4.3. Most Influential Authors
4.4. Most Productive Affiliations
4.5. Most Contributing Countries
4.6. Document Analysis
Science-Mapping Analysis
4.7. Co-Authorship Analysis
4.7.1. Centered on Authors
4.7.2. Centered on Countries
4.7.3. Centered on Organizations
5. Discussion
5.1. General Trends in the Literature on Social Entrepreneurship and Inclusive Development
5.2. Co-Occurrence of Keywords Analysis
5.3. Thematic Evolution
5.4. Future Research Directions
- (a)
- Economic and Social Effects—Social entrepreneurship and inclusive development has emerged as the most popular topic. Social entrepreneurship, a rapidly developing field that uses an entrepreneurial approach to achieve social and economic effects, is essential for inclusive development and helps to strengthen a nation’s economy and societal fabric [71]. Social enterprises have the power to advance sustainability, provide cutting-edge services and goods and inspire optimism for the future. “Almost 200 million individuals are already involved in social entrepreneurship projects worldwide”, according to the European Commission, and that number is rising [72]. The creation of jobs, particularly for the less fortunate or marginalized segments of society, is one of the most evident and striking effects of social entrepreneurship. “Social enterprises operate as an intermediary between unemployment and the open labor market”, according to Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. Large-scale worker reintegration into the labor market has enormous social and economic benefits, at least from a simple quantitative standpoint. The concepts of social entrepreneurs and social enterprises are relatively hazy, despite the beneficial effects they have on the economy. For instance, there is no unified definition of social entrepreneurship [73]. Our data show that it started to be widely utilized in 2019 and has continued along this path (Figure 15).
- (b)
- Sustainable Development—The most recent set of keywords used by researchers in social entrepreneurship and inclusive development ranked it third. Social entrepreneurship offers two paths: ‘social innovation’ and ‘scaling of social innovation’—to create a solution for Sustainable Development Goals. “Young social entrepreneurs play a significant part in advancing the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda”, according to the UN. As a result, social enterprises have become viable options for addressing social issues through entrepreneurial prospects [74]. In addition, social entrepreneurship—the use of entrepreneurial qualities like ”creativity, innovation, and motivation along with the determination to address society’s most pressing social problems”—is necessary to face the difficulties of sustainable development [75,76,77,78]. Although sustainable development is not a new topic, interest in it has significantly increased recently, particularly since 2019, according to our statistics (Figure 15), and it is anticipated to continue to be a buzz topic, supporting social entrepreneurship and inclusive development.
- (c)
- Social Development—This is yet another term that has recently appeared in academic works on social entrepreneurship and inclusive development. As opposed to an approach that prioritizes immediate financial gains for entrepreneurs, social entrepreneurship is a process that sparks social change and meets critical societal needs [79]. In comparison to other forms of entrepreneurship, social entrepreneurship is thought to place a substantially larger premium on advancing societal value and development than on maximizing financial gain [48]. As a type of social innovation, “social entrepreneurship is good for society because it can benefit a variety of stakeholders, including businesses and socially targeted groups. For businesses, social entrepreneurship can increase revenues and profits, customer volume, loyalty and satisfaction and business reputation. For the government, it can decrease unemployment and social exclusion. According to our research, it first became widely used in 2018 and has kept going in the same direction since then” (Figure 15).
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Depiction | Outcomes |
---|---|
Duration | 1996:2022 |
Sources (Journals, Books, etc.) | 207 |
Articles | 300 |
Annual Rate of Growth (%) | 5.27 |
Mean Age of Article | 6.08 |
Mean Citations Per Article | 13.79 |
References | 15,249 |
Keywords Plus | 482 |
Author’s Keywords | 785 |
Authors | 673 |
Authors of Single-authored Article | 87 |
Single-authored Article | 94 |
Co-authors Per Article | 2.38 |
International Co-authorship (%) | 15.67 |
Countries | 69 |
Organizations | 496 |
Element | H-Index | G-Index | M-Index | TC | NP | PY_Start |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Entrepreneurship and Regional Development | 8 | 9 | 0.571 | 436 | 9 | 2010 |
Sustainability Switzerland | 7 | 11 | 1.167 | 143 | 12 | 2018 |
Voluntas | 6 | 7 | 0.667 | 77 | 7 | 2015 |
International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business | 4 | 4 | 0.400 | 52 | 4 | 2014 |
International Journal of Social Economics | 4 | 4 | 0.222 | 99 | 4 | 2006 |
Journal of Rural Studies | 4 | 4 | 0.800 | 198 | 4 | 2019 |
Local Economy | 4 | 4 | 0.364 | 33 | 4 | 2013 |
Technological Forecasting and Social Change | 4 | 5 | 0.444 | 270 | 5 | 2015 |
Frontiers in Psychology | 3 | 3 | 0.750 | 77 | 3 | 2020 |
Journal of Business Ethics | 3 | 3 | 0.214 | 121 | 3 | 2010 |
Authors | Articles | Articles Fractionalized |
---|---|---|
Kadol, N. | 5 | 4.00 |
Ferguson, K.M. | 4 | 2.75 |
Luke, B. | 3 | 1.00 |
Ahmad, S. | 2 | 1.50 |
Barraket, J. | 2 | 0.50 |
Barth, S. | 2 | 0.50 |
Crofts, P. | 2 | 0.83 |
Dogar, M.N. | 2 | 2.00 |
Grigorieva, V.V. | 2 | 0.7 |
Healy, K. | 2 | 1.33 |
Authors | H-Index | G-Index | M-Index | TC | NP | PY_Start |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ferguson, K.M. | 4 | 4 | 0.235 | 77 | 4 | 2007 |
Luke, B. | 3 | 3 | 0.167 | 69 | 3 | 2007 |
Barraket, J. | 2 | 2 | 0.222 | 59 | 2 | 2015 |
Barth, S. | 2 | 2 | 0.222 | 59 | 2 | 2015 |
Healy, K. | 2 | 2 | 0.071 | 80 | 2 | 1996 |
Legrand, W. | 2 | 2 | 0.182 | 39 | 2 | 2013 |
Manimala, M.J. | 2 | 2 | 0.154 | 10 | 2 | 2011 |
Nega, B. | 2 | 2 | 0.200 | 53 | 2 | 2014 |
Pennink, B.J.W. | 2 | 2 | 0.200 | 12 | 2 | 2014 |
Schneider, G. | 2 | 2 | 0.200 | 53 | 2 | 2014 |
Articles Written | Number of Authors | Ratio of Authors |
---|---|---|
1 | 639 | 0.949 |
2 | 31 | 0.046 |
3 | 1 | 0.001 |
4 | 1 | 0.001 |
5 | 1 | 0.001 |
Country | Aggregate Citations | Mean Article Citations |
---|---|---|
USA | 979 | 35.00 |
Canada | 436 | 29.10 |
UK | 400 | 28.60 |
Italy | 294 | 32.70 |
Australia | 166 | 15.10 |
China | 144 | 13.10 |
Spain | 102 | 17.00 |
Croatia | 83 | 20.80 |
Egypt | 83 | 83.00 |
Germany | 75 | 25.00 |
Paper | DOI | Total Citations | TC per Year | Normalized TC |
---|---|---|---|---|
BRINKERHOFF DW, 2011, PUBLIC ADM DEV [48] | 10.1002/pad.584 | 306 | 23.54 | 2.93 |
ANDERSON RB, 2006, J WORLD BUS [49] | 10.1016/j.jwb.2005.10.005 | 209 | 11.61 | 4.11 |
BRADLEY SW, 2012, J MANAGE STUD [50] | 10.1111/j.1467-6486.2012. 01043.x | 199 | 16.58 | 6.77 |
PERRINI F, 2010, ENTREP REG DEV [51] | 10.1080/08985626.2010.488402 | 171 | 12.21 | 3.53 |
EVANS M, 2007, EUR URBAN REG STUD [52] | 10.1177/0969776407072664 | 106 | 6.24 | 2.42 |
HAYHURST LMC, 2014, GENDER PLACE CULT [53] | 10.1080/0966369X.2013.802674 | 97 | 9.70 | 6.37 |
RAO-NICHOLSON R, 2017, TECHNOL FORECAST SOC CHANGE [38] | 10.1016/j.techfore.2017.03.013 | 90 | 12.86 | 4.49 |
SURIE G, 2017, TECHNOL FORECAST SOC CHANGE [54] | 10.1016/j.techfore.2017.03.006 | 85 | 12.14 | 4.24 |
EBRASHI RE, 2013, SOC RESPONSIB J [55] | 10.1108/SRJ-07-2011-0013 | 83 | 7.55 | 6.30 |
STEINER A, 2019, J RURAL STUD [56] | 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2017.12.021 | 78 | 15.60 | 6.32 |
RICHTER R, 2019, J RURAL STUD [57] | 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2017.12.005 | 77 | 15.40 | 6.24 |
GRAY M, 2003, AUST SOC WORK [58] | 10.1046/j.0312-407X.2003. 00060.x | 77 | 3.67 | 1.00 |
MEYSKENS M, 2010, ENTREP REG DEV [59] | 10.1080/08985620903168299 | 65 | 4.64 | 1.34 |
ROSCA E, 2020, TECHNOL FORECAST SOC CHANGE [60] | 10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120067 | 64 | 16.00 | 7.66 |
JANSSEN F, 2018, ENTREP REG DEV [61] | 10.1080/08985626.2017.1413769 | 64 | 10.67 | 5.55 |
Document | DOI | Year | Local Citations | Global Citations | LC/GC Ratio (%) | Normalized Local Citations | Normalized Global Citations |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EBRASHI RE, 2013, SOC RESPONSIB J [55] | 10.1108/SRJ-07-2011-0013 | 2013 | 5 | 83 | 6.02 | 9.17 | 6.30 |
FRIEDMAN VJ, 2010, ENTREP REG DEV [62] | 10.1080/08985626.2010.488400 | 2010 | 4 | 53 | 7.55 | 3.00 | 1.09 |
GRAY M, 2003, AUST SOC WORK [58] | 10.1046/j.0312-407X.2003. 00060.x | 2003 | 4 | 77 | 5.19 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
ROUNDY PT, 2017, INT J SOC ECON [63] | 10.1108/IJSE-02-2016-0045 | 2017 | 3 | 62 | 4.84 | 6.90 | 3.09 |
NEGA B, 2014, J ECON ISSUES [64] | 10.2753/JEI0021-3624480210 | 2014 | 3 | 32 | 9.38 | 9.86 | 2.10 |
PERRINI F, 2010, ENTREP REG DEV [51] | 10.1080/08985626.2010.488402 | 2010 | 3 | 171 | 1.75 | 2.25 | 3.53 |
MUÑOZ S-A, 2010, AREA [65] | 10.1111/j.1475-4762.2009. 00926.x | 2010 | 3 | 52 | 5.77 | 2.25 | 1.07 |
CANESTRINO R, 2020, J BUS RES [66] | 10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.01.006 | 2020 | 2 | 50 | 4.00 | 13.33 | 5.99 |
BIDDULPH R, 2018, TOUR GEOGR [67] | 10.1080/14616688.2017.1417471 | 2018 | 2 | 16 | 12.50 | 10.57 | 1.39 |
JANSSEN F, 2018, ENTREP REG DEV [61] | 10.1080/08985626.2017.1413769 | 2018 | 2 | 64 | 3.13 | 10.57 | 5.55 |
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Satar, M.S.; Aggarwal, D.; Bansal, R.; Alarifi, G. Mapping the Knowledge Structure and Unveiling the Research Trends in Social Entrepreneurship and Inclusive Development: A Bibliometric Analysis. Sustainability 2023, 15, 5626. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15075626
Satar MS, Aggarwal D, Bansal R, Alarifi G. Mapping the Knowledge Structure and Unveiling the Research Trends in Social Entrepreneurship and Inclusive Development: A Bibliometric Analysis. Sustainability. 2023; 15(7):5626. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15075626
Chicago/Turabian StyleSatar, Mir Shahid, Deepanshi Aggarwal, Rohit Bansal, and Ghadah Alarifi. 2023. "Mapping the Knowledge Structure and Unveiling the Research Trends in Social Entrepreneurship and Inclusive Development: A Bibliometric Analysis" Sustainability 15, no. 7: 5626. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15075626