The Mediating Effect of Entrepreneurial Team Behavior and Transformational Leadership in the Relationship between Corporate Entrepreneurship and Firm Performance
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Conceptual Framework
2.1. Corporate Entrepreneurship
2.2. Entrepreneurial Team Behavior
2.3. Transformational Leadership
2.4. Firm Performance
3. Methodology
3.1. Participants and Procedure
3.2. Scales
4. Analysis and Results
4.1. Construct Validity and Reliability
4.2. Hypothesis Testing
5. Discussion and Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Appendix A.1. Intrapreneurship Scale
- I try to make more effort to be better at my job than my past performance.
- I do my best when my task is extremely difficult.
- When I get what I want, I usually think it’s because of my own abilities.
- My own decisions are effective in my work.
- I can start my own business.
- If I have to leave my job, I can create options for myself regarding work.
- I can create options in difficult situations.
- I can make friends with different people.
- I don’t hesitate to try things I haven’t tried.
- I feel the energy to do different things.
- I tell my friends about different business projects.
- I create areas where I can apply my talents.
- I don’t mind participating in some projects from my friends.
- I don’t leave my life to external factors.
- I think I can shape my life with my decisions.
- I don’t mind taking risks.
- I can see the future and make preparations for it.
- The differentiation of products is very high.
- The company tries to stay ahead of innovations.
- Using untested methods is excessive.
- The company frequently redefines the sectors in which it should have business relationships.
- The company often organizes its departments.
- With enough effort, we can eliminate any problem.
- I am mostly confident that I can carry out the plans I make.
- I have no problem adapting to a new situation and practice.
- I don’t mind making mistakes on something I’m working on.
- Every job has a risk. I can take any risk in my job.
- I am in search of appropriate methods and techniques that will ensure success.
- I can take advantage of the opportunities that come my way.
- I can turn the resources I have into efficiency by bringing them together.
- I am open to changes that occur in my work and studies.
- I do my job with love and determination.
- My creativity is strong in my work.
- While performing my job, I can work with any team or person.
- I don’t hesitate to take the lead in a business or practice.
- I can make effective future business decisions.
- My motivation and tendencies towards different jobs are strong.
Appendix A.2. Entrepreneurial Team Behavior Scale
- We are the first company to introduce this product/service to the market.
- We are always looking for new opportunities related to our business.
- Our team frequently follows the latest trends.
- We are ready to sacrifice our profits to increase market share.
- We take the time to create a comprehensive business plan and then ensure it is tightly managed.
- We frequently test our business model in the market and adjust based on market feedback.
Appendix A.3. Transformational Leadership Scale
- My manager can understand my situation and will encourage and help me.
- My manager encourages me to face challenges
- I believe that the manager can overcome every challenge in the business.
- The manager encourages me to strive to achieve the company vision.
- The manager encourages me to think about problems from a new perspective.
- The manager encourages me to reconsider ideas I have never doubted in the past.
- I believe that I can complete my job under the leadership of the manager.
- My manager takes time to understand my needs.
Appendix A.4. Firm Performance Scale
- Our organization’s customer satisfaction is better than key competitors.
- Our organization’s quality improvement is better compared to key competitors.
- Our organization’s cost management is better compared to key competitors.
- Our organization’s response rate to our customers is better than key competitors.
- Our organization’s productivity is better than key competitors.
- Our organization’s asset management is better than key competitors.
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Mean | S.D. | CrA | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Proactiveness | 3.95 | 0.70 | 0.69 | |||||||
2 | Risk-taking | 3.84 | 0.72 | 0.69 | 0.598 ** | ||||||
3 | Differentiation | 3.83 | 0.77 | 0.58 | 0.510 ** | 0.452 ** | |||||
4 | Organizational renewal | 3.66 | 0.81 | 0.74 | 0.465 ** | 0.426 ** | 0.567 ** | ||||
5 | Aggressive competitiveness | 4.09 | 0.70 | 0.86 | 0.622 ** | 0.546 ** | 0.501 ** | 0.411 ** | |||
6 | Entrepreneurial team behavior | 3.70 | 0.78 | 0.86 | 0.382 ** | 0.263 ** | 0.364 ** | 0.376 ** | 0.390 ** | ||
7 | Transformational leadership | 3.78 | 0.90 | 0.95 | 0.263 ** | 0.157 ** | 0.336 ** | 0.292 ** | 0.262 ** | 0.667 ** | |
8 | Firm performance | 3.80 | 0.84 | 0.92 | 0.258 ** | 0.129 ** | 0.286 ** | 0.265 ** | 0.246 ** | 0.654 ** | 0.704 ** |
9 | Corporate entrepreneurship | 3.87 | 0.57 | 0.96 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.456 ** | 0.338 ** |
Model | Firm Performance | ||
---|---|---|---|
Beta | t | Sig. | |
Corporate entrepreneurship | −0.011 | −0.306 | 0.760 |
Entrepreneurial team behavior | 0.338 | 7.119 | 0.000 ** |
Transformational leadership | 0.482 | 10.749 | 0.000 ** |
R2 | 0.557 | ||
F | 166.753 | ||
Sig. | 0.000 |
Model | Firm Performance | ||
---|---|---|---|
Beta | t | Sig. | |
Proactiveness | 0.133 | 1.963 | 0.025 ** |
Risk-taking | −0.132 | −2.112 | 0.017 ** |
Differentiation | 0.150 | 2.399 | 0.008 ** |
Organizational renewal | 0.131 | 2.196 | 0.014 ** |
Aggressive competitiveness | 0.106 | 1.647 | 0.048 ** |
R2 | 0.121 | ||
F | 10.933 | ||
Sig. | 0.000 |
Firm Performance | |||
---|---|---|---|
Beta | t | Sig. | |
Proactiveness | 0.009 | 0.227 | 0.821 |
Entrepreneurial team behavior | 0.651 | 15.892 | 0.000 ** |
R2 F Sig. | 0.428 149.455 0.000 | ||
Risk-taking | −0.046 | −1.172 | 0.242 |
Entrepreneurial team behavior | 0.666 | 17.015 | 0.000 ** |
R2 F Sig. | 0.430 150.611 0.000 | ||
Differentiation | 0.055 | 1.355 | 0.176 |
Entrepreneurial team behavior | 0.634 | 15.643 | 0.000 ** |
R2 F Sig. | 0.431 151.016 0.000 | ||
Organizational renewal | 0.023 | 0.563 | 0.574 |
Entrepreneurial team behavior | 0.646 | 15.816 | 0.000 ** |
R2 F Sig. | 0.429 149.687 0.000 | ||
Aggressive competitiveness | −0.011 | −0.262 | 0.793 |
Entrepreneurial team behavior | 0.659 | 16.023 | 0.000 ** |
R2 F Sig. | 0.428 149.470 0.000 |
Firm Performance | |||
---|---|---|---|
Beta | t | Sig. | |
Proactiveness | 0.780 | 2.138 | 0.033 |
Transformational leadership | 0.683 | 18.644 | 0.000 ** |
R2 F Sig. | 0.501 200.348 0.000 | ||
Risk-taking | 0.019 | 0.539 | 0.590 |
Transformational leadership | 0.701 | 19.467 | 0.000 ** |
R2 F Sig. | 0.496 196.10 0.000 | ||
Differentiation | 0.056 | 1.486 | 0.138 |
Transformational leadership | 0.685 | 18.194 | 0.000 ** |
R2 F Sig. | 0.498 198.008 0.000 | ||
Organizational renewal | 0.066 | 1.775 | 0.077 |
Transformational leadership | 0.685 | 18.486 | 0.000 ** |
R2 F Sig. | 0.499 198.942 0.000 | ||
Aggressive competitiveness | 0.066 | 1.806 | 0.072 |
Transformational leadership | 0.686 | 18.706 | 0.000 ** |
Rz F Sig. | 0.499 199.051 0.000 |
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Çağa, M.; Kitapçı, H.; Gök, M.Ş.; Ciğerim, E. The Mediating Effect of Entrepreneurial Team Behavior and Transformational Leadership in the Relationship between Corporate Entrepreneurship and Firm Performance. Sustainability 2024, 16, 5443. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16135443
Çağa M, Kitapçı H, Gök MŞ, Ciğerim E. The Mediating Effect of Entrepreneurial Team Behavior and Transformational Leadership in the Relationship between Corporate Entrepreneurship and Firm Performance. Sustainability. 2024; 16(13):5443. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16135443
Chicago/Turabian StyleÇağa, Mustafa, Hakan Kitapçı, Mehmet Şahin Gök, and Erşan Ciğerim. 2024. "The Mediating Effect of Entrepreneurial Team Behavior and Transformational Leadership in the Relationship between Corporate Entrepreneurship and Firm Performance" Sustainability 16, no. 13: 5443. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16135443