Post-Disaster Performance and Restoration Sequences of Interdependent Critical Infrastructure Systems Considering Various Socioeconomic Impacts
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. Modeling Methods of CISs
2.2. CIS Performance Indicators
2.3. Restoration Sequence of Failed CISs
3. Methodology
3.1. Simulation of Post-Disaster Failure Propagation and Recovery of Interdependent CISs
3.2. Socioeconomic Impacts Caused by CIS Failures
3.2.1. Proportion of Unserved Customers
3.2.2. Unemployment Rate
3.2.3. Loss Rate of Traffic Efficiency
3.2.4. Loss Rate of Industrial Outputs
3.2.5. Reduction Rate of Government Tax Revenues
3.2.6. Reduction Rate of Resident Income
3.3. Restoration Sequence of Failed CIS Components
4. Case Study
4.1. Case City
4.2. Disaster Scenarios and Simulation
4.3. CIS Performance Evaluation and Grouping
5. Results and Discussion
5.1. Failure Propagation and CIS Performance
5.2. Restoration Sequence and Recovery Efficiency
5.3. Sensitivity Analysis
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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CIS | Number of Nodes | Number of Links |
---|---|---|
Electric power (E) | Gate stations (8), 23-kv substations (17), 12-kv substations (20) | 59 |
Gas (G) | Gate stations (3), pressure regulating stations (13) | 18 |
Water supply (W) | Reservoirs (6), pumps (9), distribution points (34) | 68 |
Roads (R) | Intersections (14) | 29 |
Scenario | Failure Range | Failure Probability | Failure Result |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Within the MMI 8.5 | 13% | 10 nodes |
2 | Whole county | 7% | 10 nodes |
Group Number | Weights |
---|---|
1 | |
2 | |
3 | |
4 | |
5 |
Scenario | Initial Failed Nodes | Number of Failed Nodes | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Step 1 | Step 2 | Step 3 | Step 4 | ||
1.1 | P9, P26, P32, G1, G10, W12, W21, W32, R1, R4 | 10 | 45 | 47 | 48 |
2.1 | P8, P15, P26, G2, G15, W3, W20, W23, R2, R6 | 10 | 62 | 105 | 107 |
Group Number | Restoration Sequence | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Scenario 1.1 | Scenario 2.1 | |||||||||||||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
1 | P9 | W12 | P32 | G10 | W32 | G1 | P26 | W21 | R4 | R1 | P8 | P15 | G2 | W3 | G15 | P26 | W23 | W20 | R6 | R2 |
2 | G1 | P9 | W12 | P32 | G10 | W32 | P26 | W21 | R4 | R1 | P8 | P15 | G2 | P26 | G15 | W3 | W23 | W20 | R6 | R2 |
3 | P9 | W12 | G1 | P32 | G10 | W32 | R4 | P26 | R1 | W21 | P8 | P15 | G2 | R6 | R2 | P26 | G15 | W3 | W23 | W20 |
4 | G1 | P9 | W12 | P32 | G10 | W32 | P26 | W21 | R4 | R1 | P8 | P15 | G2 | P26 | G15 | W3 | W23 | W20 | R6 | R2 |
5 | P9 | W12 | G1 | P32 | G10 | W32 | R4 | P26 | R1 | W21 | P8 | P15 | G2 | R6 | R2 | P26 | G15 | W3 | W23 | W20 |
Scenario | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.3 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of failed nodes | 48 | 46 | 51 | 107 | 104 | 111 | |
CIS performance after failure propagation | Group 1 | 0.512 | 0.595 | 0.457 | 0.060 | 0.067 | 0.050 |
Group 2 | 0.367 | 0.415 | 0.334 | 0.112 | 0.124 | 0.104 | |
Group 3 | 0.490 | 0.563 | 0.424 | 0.061 | 0.068 | 0.053 | |
Group 4 | 0.370 | 0.414 | 0.331 | 0.114 | 0.129 | 0.107 | |
Group 5 | 0.430 | 0.489 | 0.377 | 0.087 | 0.099 | 0.080 | |
Recovery time for achieving a CIS performance of 0.95 | Group 1 | 6T | 6T | 6T | 5T | 5T | 5T |
Group 2 | 6T | 6T | 6T | 5T | 5T | 5T | |
Group 3 | 8T | 8T | 8T | 7T | 7T | 7T | |
Group 4 | 6T | 6T | 6T | 5T | 5T | 5T | |
Group 5 | 8T | 8T | 8T | 7T | 7T | 7T |
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Mao, Q.; Liu, Y. Post-Disaster Performance and Restoration Sequences of Interdependent Critical Infrastructure Systems Considering Various Socioeconomic Impacts. Sustainability 2024, 16, 6609. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16156609
Mao Q, Liu Y. Post-Disaster Performance and Restoration Sequences of Interdependent Critical Infrastructure Systems Considering Various Socioeconomic Impacts. Sustainability. 2024; 16(15):6609. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16156609
Chicago/Turabian StyleMao, Quan, and Yuechen Liu. 2024. "Post-Disaster Performance and Restoration Sequences of Interdependent Critical Infrastructure Systems Considering Various Socioeconomic Impacts" Sustainability 16, no. 15: 6609. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16156609