Investigating the Effectiveness of Endogenous and Exogenous Drivers of the Sustainability (Re)Orientation of Family SMEs in Slovenia: Qualitative Content Analysis Approach
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. Legal Framework on Sustainable Corporate Governance (with a Focus on SMEs)
2.1.1. Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive
2.1.2. Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive
2.1.3. Scope of the CSDDD for SMEs
2.2. Drivers of the Family Businesses’ (Re)Orientation towards Sustainability
2.3. Endogenous Drivers
2.3.1. The Protection of SEW
2.3.2. Ownership and Management Composition
2.3.3. Values, Beliefs and Attitudes of Family Owner-Managers
2.3.4. Transgenerational Continuity and Long-Term Orientation
2.3.5. Knowledge of Sustainability
2.4. Exogenous Drivers
2.4.1. Stakeholders Pressure
2.4.2. The Impact of Institutional Environment and Local Communities
3. Empirical Research
3.1. Institutional Context of Slovenia
3.2. Research Method
3.3. Sampling and Data Collection
3.4. Data Analysis
4. Results
4.1. Results of the Final Coding of the Family Businesses’ Sustainability (Re)Orientation
4.2. References to Responsibility, Preserving (Natural) Environment and Sustainability/Sustainable Development in the Analysed Statements
4.3. Family Businesses with a Higher Level of Sustainability Awareness and Orientation
5. Discussion
5.1. Sustainability Awareness and Readiness of Investigated Family SMEs to Comply with the New EU Legal Framework
5.2. The Effectiveness of Endogenous and Exogenous Drivers of Family Businesses’ Sustainability (Re)Orientation
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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No. of Category | Category Name and Its Definition | No. of Subcat. | Subcategory |
---|---|---|---|
C1 | Vision Describe what a firm would like to become. | C1.1 | Reference to sustainability/sustainable development |
C1.2 | Reference to preserving (natural) environment | ||
C1.3 | Reference to a position in market(s) and/or industry | ||
C1.4 | Reference to the characteristics of products | ||
C1.5 | Miscellaneous | ||
C2 | Mission Defines the purpose and reason why a firm exists. | C2.1 | Reference to sustainability/sustainable development |
C2.2 | Reference to preserving (natural) environment | ||
C2.3 | Reference to the characteristics of products | ||
C2.4 | Reference to the customers’ needs | ||
C3 | Goals The result of planned activities, can be quantified or open-ended statement with no quantification. | C3.1 | Reference to sustainability/sustainable development |
C3.2 | Reference to a position in market(s) and/or industry | ||
C3.3 | Miscellaneous | ||
C4 | Values Consider what should be and what is desirable. | C4.1 | Reference to sustainability/sustainable development |
C4.2 | Reference to preserving (natural) environment | ||
C4.3 | Reference to responsibility | ||
C4.4 | Miscellaneous | ||
C5 | Strategies or strategic directions State how a company is going to achieve its vision, mission and goals. | C5.1 | Reference to sustainability/sustainable development |
C5.2 | Reference to preserving (natural) environment | ||
C5.3 | References to (expansion to) new markets | ||
C6 | Specific of functioning Activities, processes, behaviour. | C6.1 | Reference to sustainability/sustainable development |
C6.2 | Reference to preserving (natural) environment | ||
C6.3 | Reference to the characteristics of products | ||
C6.4 | Reference to competitive strengths | ||
C6.5 | Miscellaneous |
Unit of Analysis (A Family Business) | C1 Vision | C2 Mission | C3 Goals | C4 Values | C5 Strategies or Strategic Directions | C6 Specifics of Functioning |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
U1 | C1.1 | C2.1 | C3.2 | C5.1 | ||
U2 | C5.3 | C6.4 | ||||
U3 | C6.2 | |||||
U4 | C2.4 | C3.2 | ||||
U5 | C1.3 | C3.2 | C5.2 | |||
U6 | C1.3 | C2.4 | ||||
U7 | C3.2 | C6.3 | ||||
U8 | C1.1 | C4.3 | C6.1 | |||
U9 | C1.3 | C2.2 | C5.3 | C6.2 | ||
U10 | C1.4 | |||||
U11 | C3.2 | |||||
U12 | C3.2 | C4.2 | C6.2 | |||
U13 | C4.1 | C6.2 | ||||
U14 | C1.2 | C2.3 | C6.4 | |||
U15 | C1.4 | C2.3 | ||||
U16 | C1.1 | C6.1 | ||||
U17 | C6.4 | |||||
U18 | C1.5 | C4.2 | ||||
U19 | C1.2 | C3.3 | C6.2 | |||
U20 | C6.3 | |||||
U21 | C1.3 | C2.4 | C4.2 | |||
U22 | C1.3 | C4.2 | C6.2 | |||
U23 | C1.1 | C4.4 | C5.1 | C6.1 | ||
U24 | C1.3 | C4.3 | C6.4 | |||
U25 | C1.1 | C2.2 | C3.1 | C5.1 | C6.2 | |
U26 | C6.4 | |||||
Family businesses with published statement (number) | 16 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 17 |
Family businesses with reference to sustainability and protection of natural environment, responsibility (number) | 7 | 3 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 10 |
U1 | U8 | U23 | U25 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Family name in in the name of a company | no | no | no | no |
Ownership (generation, number of family owners, % of family ownership) | first and second generation (father, two sons), 100% | first generation (founder), 100% | first generation (husband and wife), 100% | first generation (founder), 100% |
Management (generation, number of family managers) | second generation (two sons) | first generation (founder’s wife) | first and second generation (husband, wife, and both children) | first and second generation (founder—father, daughter) |
Size | small | medium-sized | medium-sized | medium-sized |
Main activity and markets | wholesale and retail trade; market: Slovenia | manufacturing; markets: Slovenia, other countries | manufacturing; markets: Slovenia, other countries | manufacturing; markets: Slovenia, other countries |
The year of establishment | 1990 | 1989 | 1995 | 1992 |
Family Name in the Name of a Company | Ownership (Generation, % of Family Ownership) | Management (Generation) | Size | Main Activity | The Year of Establishment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
U2 | no | first and second, 100% | second | small | manufacturing | 1993 |
U4 | yes | third, 100% | third | small | manufacturing | 1992 |
U6 | no | second, 100% | second | small | manufacturing | 1995 |
U7 | yes | first, 100% | first | small | wholesale and retail trade | 1993 |
U10 | no | first, 100% | first | micro | service activities | 2009 |
U11 | no | third, 100% | third | small | wholesale and retail trade | 1960 |
U15 | no | first and second, 100% | first and second | small | agriculture | 1991 |
U17 | no | first, 100% | first and second | micro | agriculture | 2007 |
U20 | yes | first, 100% | first and second | small | manufacturing | 1982 |
U26 | yes | Second, 100% | second | medium-sized | wholesale and retail trade | 1988 |
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Duh, M.; Primec, A. Investigating the Effectiveness of Endogenous and Exogenous Drivers of the Sustainability (Re)Orientation of Family SMEs in Slovenia: Qualitative Content Analysis Approach. Sustainability 2024, 16, 7285. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16177285
Duh M, Primec A. Investigating the Effectiveness of Endogenous and Exogenous Drivers of the Sustainability (Re)Orientation of Family SMEs in Slovenia: Qualitative Content Analysis Approach. Sustainability. 2024; 16(17):7285. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16177285
Chicago/Turabian StyleDuh, Mojca, and Andreja Primec. 2024. "Investigating the Effectiveness of Endogenous and Exogenous Drivers of the Sustainability (Re)Orientation of Family SMEs in Slovenia: Qualitative Content Analysis Approach" Sustainability 16, no. 17: 7285. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16177285