Ecological Network Construction in High-Density Water Network Areas Based on a Three-Dimensional Perspective: The Case of Foshan City
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Data Source and Preparation
2.3. Study Design and Setting
2.4. Identification of Ecological Sources
2.5. Construction of an Ecological Resistance Surface
2.6. Ecological Corridor Extraction and Ecological Network Construction
2.7. Ecological “Pinch Points” and Ecological Barrier Points
2.8. Ecological Source and Corridor Importance Assessment
3. Results
3.1. Ecological Land Identification and Ecological Source Extraction
3.2. Construction of an Geographic–Natural–Human Ecological Resistance Surface
3.3. Spatial Extent of Ecological Corridors
3.4. Prioritization of Ecological Corridors
3.5. Identification of Ecological “Pinch Points”
3.6. Identification of Ecological Barrier Points
3.7. Ecological Corridor Width and Repair Priority
4. Discussion
4.1. Carrying Out Zonal Restoration and Optimizing the Ecological Network
4.2. Conducting Categorized Responses to Boost Ecological Functions
- (1)
- Strict boundary control is necessary for the development of the construction land along both sides of the river channel, which is supported by four reasons. First, this approach ensures the continuation of the green space system on both sides of the river channel. Second, it executes green space restoration and stitching for the missing parts and then restores its ecological structure. Next, this method further consolidates the natural foundation of water areas, woodlands, and other natural resources. Finally, it opens up green public spaces to restore the original ecological continuation function.
- (2)
- The main approach to restoring the wetland beach area in water network cities involves dealing with agricultural surface source pollution, restoring the wetland base, and utilizing other technical means to maintain the corridor connectivity with other ecological source areas.
- (3)
- Waterfront space is often a high-vitality area of the city, and to address water pollution issues, a sewage interception system has been implemented along the river. It is advised to incorporate pipeline interception measures for sewage collection and the retrieval and purification of metal and chemical pollutants produced by industries that substantially degrade the river’s water quality. Additionally, the water ecosystem of the dike pond needs to be maximized to purify the mildly polluted sewage.
- (4)
- Migratory corridors for nocturnal animals need to be established in response to light pollution. High-rise buildings should be placed along the river at a specified distance to minimize the harm of light pollution to the natural space.
- (5)
- Animal-friendly infrastructure construction needs to be actively carried out in ecologically critical areas. Additionally, animal passages, such as ecological overpasses and culverts under bridges, should be constructed to support ecological movement.
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- Foshan City’s ecological sources are primarily situated in the western and northern areas, with a concentration of ecological corridors in the western part of the study area. It features a high degree of landscape connectivity, which is conducive to the protection of biodiversity.
- (2)
- According to the circuit theory, a total of 53 ecological corridors were identified, spanning 239.27 km in length. The distribution of these corridors was found to be uneven, predominantly in the northern and southwestern areas.
- (3)
- A total of 103 ecological “pinch points” and 193 ecological barrier points were identified using the circuit theory as ecological critical areas and ecologically improvement areas, respectively.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Data Type | Data Sources |
---|---|
Administrative division data | Ministry of Natural Resources Standard Map Service System (http://bzdt.ch.mnr.gov.cn/, accessed on 3 June 2024) |
Land use data | Data Center for Resource and Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (http://www.resdc.cn, accessed on 5 June 2024) |
DEM data | Geospatial Data Cloud (http://www.Gscloud.cn/, accessed on 5 June 2024) |
Floor height data | BIGEMAP GIS Office platform |
Resistance Factor | Grading Index | Resistance Value | Weight | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Geographic elements | Land use type | Cropland | 3 | 0.3426 |
Unused land | 4 | |||
Construction land | 5 | |||
DEM/m | <150 | 1 | 0.2037 | |
150–300 | 2 | |||
300–450 | 3 | |||
450–600 | 4 | |||
>600 | 5 | |||
Slope | <8 | 1 | 0.1042 | |
8–15 | 2 | |||
15–25 | 3 | |||
25–45 | 4 | |||
>45 | 5 | |||
Natural elements | Water network density | 650–1109 | 1 | 0.0428 |
400–650 | 2 | |||
200–400 | 3 | |||
65–200 | 4 | |||
<65 | 5 | |||
Night light data | 6275–7938 | 1 | 0.0526 | |
7938–9140 | 2 | |||
9140–11,024 | 3 | |||
11,024–14,482 | 5 | |||
14,482–38,442 | 5 | |||
Building/m | 3–9 | 1 | 0.1456 | |
9–33 | 2 | |||
33–72 | 3 | |||
72–132 | 4 | |||
132–219 | 5 | |||
Human elements | National highway/m | >10,000 | 1 | 0.1085 |
5000–10,000 | 2 | |||
2000–5000 | 3 | |||
1000–2000 | 4 | |||
<1000 | 5 | |||
>5000 | 1 | |||
Provincial highway/m | 2000–5000 | 2 | ||
1000–2000 | 3 | |||
500–1000 | 4 | |||
<500 | 5 | |||
>1000 | 1 | |||
County highway/m | 500–1000 | 2 | ||
200–500 | 3 | |||
100–200 | 4 | |||
<100 | 5 |
Landscape Type | Area (km2) | Proportion of Ecological Space (%) |
---|---|---|
Core | 890.3 | 67.21% |
Bridge | 62.97 | 4.75% |
Branch | 62.37 | 4.71% |
Loop | 5.86 | 0.44 |
Islet | 13.81 | 1.04% |
Perforation | 23.62 | 1.79% |
Edge | 265.8 | 20.06% |
Total | 1324.73 | 100% |
Ecological Area | Specific Area | Typical Areas |
---|---|---|
Ecological protection area | Yunyong Forest Farm, Hui Long township | Suburban mountainous areas represented by Gaoming District |
Ecological improvement area | Shishan, Lishui, and Leping townships | Suburban agricultural water network areas represented by Sanshui District |
Ecologically critical area | Ronggui Street meets the river in Daliang Street | Urban water network areas represented by Shunde District |
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Huang, Q.; Ma, Y. Ecological Network Construction in High-Density Water Network Areas Based on a Three-Dimensional Perspective: The Case of Foshan City. Sustainability 2024, 16, 7636. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16177636
Huang Q, Ma Y. Ecological Network Construction in High-Density Water Network Areas Based on a Three-Dimensional Perspective: The Case of Foshan City. Sustainability. 2024; 16(17):7636. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16177636
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Qianlei, and Yuan Ma. 2024. "Ecological Network Construction in High-Density Water Network Areas Based on a Three-Dimensional Perspective: The Case of Foshan City" Sustainability 16, no. 17: 7636. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16177636