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Article

Technology-Organization-External-Sustainability (TOES) Framework for Technology Adoption: Critical Analysis of Models for Industry 4.0 Implementation Projects

by
Walter Cardoso Satyro
1,*,
Jose Celso Contador
2,
Jansen Anderson Gomes
3,
Sonia Francisca de Paula Monken
4,
Antonio Pires Barbosa
5,
Flavio Santino Bizarrias
6,
Jose Luiz Contador
7,
Leandro Simplicio Silva
1 and
Rogerio Glaser Prado
3
1
Postgraduate Program in Project Management, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Sao Paulo 01525-000, SP, Brazil
2
Postgraduate Program in Administration, Paulista University (UNIP), Sao Paulo 04026-002, SP, Brazil
3
Postgraduate Program in Production Engineering, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Sao Paulo 01525-000, SP, Brazil
4
Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo 01246-904, SP, Brazil
5
Postgraduate Program in Smart and Sustainable Cities, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), Sao Paulo 01525-000, SP, Brazil
6
Postgraduate Program in Administration, Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing (ESPM), Sao Paulo 04018-010, SP, Brazil
7
Faculty of Engineering and Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratingueta 12516-410, SP, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2024, 16(24), 11064; https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411064
Submission received: 2 November 2024 / Revised: 27 November 2024 / Accepted: 11 December 2024 / Published: 17 December 2024

Abstract

Although there are different theories about the adoption and implementation of technological innovation by companies, they have an organization/individual-centered approach. The aim of this study is to propose the Technology–Organization–External–Sustainability (TOES) framework, a technology adoption theory, an extension of the Technology-Organization-(business) Environment (TOE) framework, to assist companies in adopting and implementing technology through a holistic approach. Design Science Research was used to structure the TOES framework and the Delphi method for its evaluation and improvement. To examine the potential of the TOES framework, 40 maturity and readiness models found in the literature were examined, which were created to assist in Industry 4.0 implementation projects, according to their common element of analysis—their dimensions. An important finding was that the TOES framework allowed us to identify that most of these models focused predominantly on technology; therefore, they do not always allow for a general analysis of the company, nor do they consider the external competitive scenario or sustainability as relevant contexts for analysis. The theoretical and practical contribution lies in the presentation of the TOES framework that incorporates sustainability as a relevant context for analysis, expanding the theory of the adoption of technological innovation. Another theoretical contribution is to alert researchers that maturity and readiness models for Industry 4.0 implementation projects should take a more holistic approach. It is suggested to use the TOES framework in other areas of knowledge, such as medicine, engineering, technology, and science, among others, to test its potential.
Keywords: Industry 5.0; risk; projects; models; medicine; smart cities; networks; sustainability Industry 5.0; risk; projects; models; medicine; smart cities; networks; sustainability

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Satyro, W.C.; Contador, J.C.; Gomes, J.A.; Monken, S.F.d.P.; Barbosa, A.P.; Bizarrias, F.S.; Contador, J.L.; Silva, L.S.; Prado, R.G. Technology-Organization-External-Sustainability (TOES) Framework for Technology Adoption: Critical Analysis of Models for Industry 4.0 Implementation Projects. Sustainability 2024, 16, 11064. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411064

AMA Style

Satyro WC, Contador JC, Gomes JA, Monken SFdP, Barbosa AP, Bizarrias FS, Contador JL, Silva LS, Prado RG. Technology-Organization-External-Sustainability (TOES) Framework for Technology Adoption: Critical Analysis of Models for Industry 4.0 Implementation Projects. Sustainability. 2024; 16(24):11064. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411064

Chicago/Turabian Style

Satyro, Walter Cardoso, Jose Celso Contador, Jansen Anderson Gomes, Sonia Francisca de Paula Monken, Antonio Pires Barbosa, Flavio Santino Bizarrias, Jose Luiz Contador, Leandro Simplicio Silva, and Rogerio Glaser Prado. 2024. "Technology-Organization-External-Sustainability (TOES) Framework for Technology Adoption: Critical Analysis of Models for Industry 4.0 Implementation Projects" Sustainability 16, no. 24: 11064. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411064

APA Style

Satyro, W. C., Contador, J. C., Gomes, J. A., Monken, S. F. d. P., Barbosa, A. P., Bizarrias, F. S., Contador, J. L., Silva, L. S., & Prado, R. G. (2024). Technology-Organization-External-Sustainability (TOES) Framework for Technology Adoption: Critical Analysis of Models for Industry 4.0 Implementation Projects. Sustainability, 16(24), 11064. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411064

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