Is Biomethane Production from Common Reed Biomass Influenced by the Hydraulic Parameters of Treatment Wetlands?
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Common Reed Biomass Composition
2.3. Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) Assay
2.4. Ks Measurements
2.5. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Common Reed Biomass Characteristics Variation at Different Harvest Times
3.2. Common Reed Methane Potential Production
3.3. Ks Measurements within the HSTW
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Properties | H1 (Aug) | H2 (Sept) | H3 (Oct) |
---|---|---|---|
Plant height (m) a | 2.50 ± 0.05 | 0.78 ± 0.19 | 0.87 ± 0.30 |
Culms number (-) a | 19 ± 5 | 25 ± 13 | 67 ± 26 |
DM (%) b | 45.08 ± 0.92 | 22.62 ± 0.08 | 32.00 ± 6.38 |
Dry weight (g DM per culm) b | 39.11 ± 8.28 | 4.03 ± 1.23 | 3.34 ± 1.10 |
Fiber content (%) c | 48.98 ± 2.76 | 34.76 ± 0.97 | 35.21 ± 2.90 |
Neutral Detergent Fiber—NDF (%) c | 84.75 ± 5.28 | 62.93 ± 1.40 | 63.98 ± 3.73 |
Acid Detergent Fiber—ADF (%) c | 54.76 ± 3.41 | 38.94 ± 2.05 | 38.04 ± 4.04 |
Acid Detergent Lignin—ADL (%) c | 13.48 ± 1.22 | 9.47 ± 1.49 | 10.32 ± 1.71 |
Properties | H1 (Aug) | H2 (Sept) |
---|---|---|
Biogas (Nm3/tVS) a | 251.16 ± 54.72 | 402.08 ± 89.38 |
BMP (Nm3CH4/tVS) a | 130.57 ± 24.29 | 212.70 ± 50.62 |
CH4 (%) a | 52.32 ± 3.18 | 52.88 ± 5.24 |
CO2 (%) a | 16.88 ± 4.51 | 14.82 ± 3.04 |
H2S (ppm) a | 20.5 ± 14.26 | 74.7 ± 9.42 |
September 2022 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Piezometers | Distance from the Inlet | Ks | SD | Reductions of Ks (%) |
(m) | (m day−1) | Relative to Clean Gravel 1 | ||
1 | 8.5 | 1135.02 | 198.8 | 94 |
2 | 17 | 1725.13 | 244.1 | 91 |
3 | 25.5 | 2135.68 | 144.1 | 89 |
4 | 8.5 | 3568.94 | 356.2 | 82 |
5 | 17 | 7288.32 | 652.3 | 63 |
6 | 25.5 | 6895.41 | 344.2 | 65 |
7 | 8.5 | 4597.07 | 198.8 | 76 |
8 | 17 | 6570.20 | 244.1 | 66 |
9 | 25.5 | 8432.20 | 320.1 | 57 |
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Sciuto, L.; Licciardello, F.; Barbera, A.C.; Scavera, V.; Musumeci, S.; Severino, M.; Cirelli, G.L. Is Biomethane Production from Common Reed Biomass Influenced by the Hydraulic Parameters of Treatment Wetlands? Sustainability 2024, 16, 2751. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16072751
Sciuto L, Licciardello F, Barbera AC, Scavera V, Musumeci S, Severino M, Cirelli GL. Is Biomethane Production from Common Reed Biomass Influenced by the Hydraulic Parameters of Treatment Wetlands? Sustainability. 2024; 16(7):2751. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16072751
Chicago/Turabian StyleSciuto, Liviana, Feliciana Licciardello, Antonio Carlo Barbera, Vincenzo Scavera, Salvatore Musumeci, Massimiliano Severino, and Giuseppe Luigi Cirelli. 2024. "Is Biomethane Production from Common Reed Biomass Influenced by the Hydraulic Parameters of Treatment Wetlands?" Sustainability 16, no. 7: 2751. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16072751