Study on Ecological Mini-Aggregations Based on Polymer Composite Materials
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Development Process of Ecological Mini-Aggregation
2.1.1. Materials
2.1.2. Basic Principles
2.1.3. Development Process
- (1)
- Development of an ecological mini-cluster
- (2)
- Development of an ecological mini-bag
2.2. Ecological Mini-Aggregation Stability Test
2.2.1. Erosion Resistance Stability Test of Ecological Mini-Aggregation Substrate
2.2.2. Ecological Mini-Aggregation Substrate Shear Strength Test
2.3. Ecological Mini-Aggregation Substrate Planting Test
3. Results
3.1. Stability of Ecological Mini-Aggregation
3.1.1. Erosion Resistance Stability of the Ecological Mini-Aggregations
3.1.2. Shear Strength of Ecological Mini-Aggregations
3.2. Ecological Performance of Ecological Mini-Aggregations
4. Conclusions
- Ecological mini-aggregations developed using eco-friendly polymer composite materials can effectively achieve the ecological restoration of slope soil. Ecological mini-aggregations have excellent erosion resistance, great mechanical properties, strong structural stability, and good ecological performance. The development mechanism for ecological mini-aggregation materials was revealed through tests.
- Polymer composite materials can provide excellent erosion resistance and stability to ecological mini-aggregation while also possessing good ecological performance, which can improve the plant growth conditions in a planting substrate and promote plant growth. Polymer adhesive material can enhance the structural stability and erosion resistance of ecological mini-aggregations, but can also reduce the porosity of the substrate, leading to excessive hardening that is not conducive to plant growth. Polymer water-retaining material can improve plant growth conditions but is not conducive to the structural stability of ecological mini-aggregations. There is an optimal material ratio for the addition of polymer composites. In this study, the optimal material ratio for the development of ecological mini-aggregations was determined to be 0.18% polymer water-retaining material and 0.06% polymer adhesive material.
- This paper studied the mechanical and ecological properties of ecological mini-aggregations with different polymer composite material ratios, providing valuable theoretical and data references for the application and promotion of ecological mini-aggregations in ecological slope protection and soil ecological restoration.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Saturated Moisture Content (%) | Dry Density (g/cm3) | Liquid Limit (%) | Plastic Limit (%) | Plasticity Index |
---|---|---|---|---|
41.3 | 1.94 | 23.5 | 16.2 | 15 |
Test Group | Polymer Water-Retaining Material (%) | Polymer Adhesive Material (%) |
---|---|---|
CK (0) | 0 | 0 |
1 | 0.06 | 0.03 |
2 | 0.12 | 0.03 |
3 | 0.18 | 0.03 |
4 | 0.06 | 0.06 |
5 | 0.12 | 0.06 |
6 | 0.18 | 0.06 |
7 | 0.06 | 0.09 |
8 | 0.12 | 0.09 |
9 | 0.18 | 0.09 |
Test Group | Method | <0.25 mm (%) | 0.25–0.5 mm (%) | 0.5–1 mm (%) | 1–2 mm (%) | 2–5 mm (%) | >5 mm (%) | MWD (mm) | GMD (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | Dry sieving | 18.6 | 8.7 | 15.7 | 6.8 | 2.1 | 48.2 | 2.78 | 1.56 |
Wet sieving | 39.3 | 8.3 | 15.7 | 16.6 | 17.5 | 2.5 | 1.23 | 0.71 | |
1 | Dry sieving | 10.3 | 4.9 | 8.5 | 3.2 | 0.8 | 72.4 | 3.80 | 2.61 |
Wet sieving | 27.9 | 3.2 | 11.6 | 15.4 | 40.3 | 1.6 | 1.89 | 1.15 | |
2 | Dry sieving | 9.8 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 3.2 | 1.3 | 72.0 | 3.80 | 2.62 |
Wet sieving | 24.1 | 9.4 | 16.2 | 9.9 | 30.3 | 10.2 | 1.93 | 1.12 | |
3 | Dry sieving | 8.7 | 5.8 | 5.4 | 3.5 | 1.1 | 75.5 | 3.95 | 2.86 |
Wet sieving | 24.6 | 11.1 | 17.9 | 17.1 | 28.0 | 1.2 | 1.54 | 0.94 | |
4 | Dry sieving | 10.8 | 7.3 | 7.9 | 3.7 | 2.0 | 68.1 | 3.65 | 2.44 |
Wet sieving | 20.4 | 6.5 | 12.4 | 11.1 | 40.4 | 9.2 | 2.21 | 1.37 | |
5 | Dry sieving | 12.8 | 6.7 | 8.1 | 4.8 | 1.6 | 66.0 | 3.54 | 2.32 |
Wet sieving | 10.6 | 6.4 | 18.5 | 18.5 | 40.6 | 5.3 | 2.15 | 1.50 | |
6 | Dry sieving | 13.2 | 2.9 | 4.8 | 5.6 | 1.7 | 71.8 | 3.82 | 2.65 |
Wet sieving | 8.0 | 7.4 | 14.0 | 20.3 | 45.9 | 4.5 | 2.29 | 1.66 | |
7 | Dry sieving | 14.2 | 7.6 | 9.6 | 6.1 | 2.4 | 60.0 | 3.31 | 2.07 |
Wet sieving | 11.3 | 3.1 | 17.8 | 18.4 | 43.1 | 6.3 | 2.27 | 1.61 | |
8 | Dry sieving | 7.6 | 3.7 | 5.8 | 2.3 | 0.6 | 80.0 | 4.13 | 3.12 |
Wet sieving | 13.6 | 3.1 | 17.3 | 18.4 | 34.6 | 13.0 | 2.31 | 1.57 | |
9 | Dry sieving | 6.0 | 2.6 | 4.2 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 85.4 | 4.37 | 3.54 |
Wet sieving | 15.7 | 5.2 | 7.2 | 12.1 | 47.7 | 12.2 | 2.57 | 1.74 |
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Lai, H.; Zhou, C.; Liu, Z. Study on Ecological Mini-Aggregations Based on Polymer Composite Materials. Sustainability 2024, 16, 3431. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16083431
Lai H, Zhou C, Liu Z. Study on Ecological Mini-Aggregations Based on Polymer Composite Materials. Sustainability. 2024; 16(8):3431. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16083431
Chicago/Turabian StyleLai, Haoqiang, Cuiying Zhou, and Zhen Liu. 2024. "Study on Ecological Mini-Aggregations Based on Polymer Composite Materials" Sustainability 16, no. 8: 3431. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16083431