Failure Mode and Effects Analysis of Accessibility in Frigid Zone Campus Buildings
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
2.1. Accessibility
2.2. Campus Accessibility
2.3. FMEA
2.4. Impact of Fuzzy-FMEA
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Characteristics of the Study Case
3.2. Interviews and Questionnaires
3.3. Fuzzy-FMEA
4. Results
4.1. Data Overview
4.2. Priority Ranking for Accessibility
4.3. Comparison of Accessibility between the Old and New Campuses
4.4. Relevant Analysis of Existing Issues
5. Discussion
5.1. Related Discoveries
5.2. Research Deficiencies and Directions for Progress
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Number | Type of Risk | Forewarning Indicators | Reason for Invalidation | Major Invalidation Consequences |
---|---|---|---|---|
Item 1 | Ramp | Quantity | No ramps | Obstruction of access |
Item 2 | Ramp | Scales | Irrational | Increased risk of accidents |
Item 3 | Ramp | Platform scale | Irrational | Affects normal use |
Item 4 | Ramp | Snowpack | The snow is icing | Risk of falling and frostbite |
Item 5 | Handrails for ramps | Height | Irrational | Obstruction of access |
Item 6 | Handrails for ramps | Temperature | Cold | Frostbite |
Item 7 | Handrails for ramps | Continuity | Discontinuous | Risk of falling |
Item 8 | Accessible entrances | Quantity | No accessible entrances | Obstruction of access |
Item 9 | Accessible entrances | Distance | Irrational | Obstruction of access |
Item 10 | Accessible entrances | Accessibility | Not easy to pass | Risk of falling |
Item 11 | Accessible entrances | Platform size | Irrational | Wheelchairs cannot be steered |
Item 12 | Accessible entrances | Curtains and doors | Tough to pass | Obstruction of access |
Item 13 | Accessible entrances | Canopy | No canopy | Rain and slippery roads |
Item 14 | Accessible entrances | window | No windows to watch | Unable to get to intended place after the door |
Item 15 | Accessible entrances | Doorknob | Cold | frostbite |
Item 16 | Accessible entrances | Door bucket | Short spacing | Wheelchairs cannot be steered |
Item 17 | Accessible entrances | Antifreeze treatment | No antifreeze treatment | Frostbite |
Item 18 | Classroom doors | Convenience | Threshold and no ramp | Wheelchair accessible |
Item 19 | Classroom doors | Windows | No windows | Unable to get to intended place after the door |
Item 20 | Elevator | Quantity | No elevator | Impassable |
Item 21 | Elevator | barrier-free elevators | Deficiency | Obstruction of access |
Item 22 | Elevator | Door opening time | Short | Obstruction of access |
Item 23 | Elevator | Handrail | Irrational | Risk of falling |
Item 24 | Elevator | Size | Irrational | Wheelchairs cannot be steered |
Item 25 | Staircase | Handrail | Irrational | Risk of falling |
Item 26 | Staircase | Size | Irrational | Obstruction of access |
Item 27 | Accessible toilet | Quantity | No toilet | Not available |
Item 28 | Accessible toilet | Handrail | Irrational | Risk of falling |
Item 29 | Accessible toilet | Size | Irrational | Wheelchairs cannot be steered |
Item 30 | Accessible toilet | Distribution | Uneven distribution | Not available |
Item31 | Accessible toilet | Facility’s size | Irrational | Inconvenience |
Item 32 | Corridor | Width | Narrow | Wheelchairs cannot be steered |
Item 33 | Accessibility signage | Quantity | No signage | Time-consuming search |
Fuzzy Term | Severity (S) | Occurrence (O) | Detection (D) | Fuzzy Number |
---|---|---|---|---|
Very low (R) | Barely noticeable | Unlikely | High | (0,0,1) |
Low (L) | Slight impact | Very little | Moderate | (0,1.5,3) |
Middle (M) | Middle impact | Little | Little | (2.5,4.5,6.5) |
High (H) | Serious impact | High | Very Little | (6,7.5,9) |
Very high (VH) | Very serious impact | Alarming | Unlikely | (8.5,10,10) |
Type of Expert | Severity (S) | Occurrence (O) | Detection (D) |
---|---|---|---|
Ergonomist | 0.32 | 0.14 | 0.13 |
Structural Engineer | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.30 |
Engineer | 0.12 | 0.21 | 0.19 |
Architect | 0.20 | 0.31 | 0.23 |
Doctor | 0.22 | 0.17 | 0.15 |
Item | Ergonomist | Structural Engineer | Engineer | Architect | Doctor | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ER1 | ER2 | ER3 | ER4 | S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 | EN1 | EN2 | EN3 | EN4 | A1 | A2 | A3 | A4 | D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | |
I1 | (M,VH,L) | (H,H,L) | (M,L,L) | (M,M,L) | (L,M,M) | (L,H,M) | (M,M,L) | (L,M,L) | (L,L,L) | (M,L,M) | (L,M,L) | (H,L,M) | (H,H,VH) | (H,H,M) | (H,L,L) | (M,M,M) | (M,M,L) | (VH,M,M) | (M,L,H) | (L,L,L) |
I2 | (M,L,H) | (H,M,H) | (M,M,H) | (M,M,M) | (M,L,VH) | (M,H,H) | (M,L,M) | (L,L,L) | (M,L,L) | (L,M,L) | (L,L,L) | (H,M,M) | (L,L,M) | (M,L,L) | (L,M,M) | (M,L,M) | (L,L,M) | (H,H,VH) | (L,L,M) | (M,L,M) |
I3 | (M,H,H) | (H,H,H) | (H,M,M) | (H,M,M) | (L,M,L) | (H,H,L) | (L,M,M) | (M,M,M) | (M,M,L) | (M,M,L) | (M,M,L) | (H,M,H) | (H,H,M) | (M,H,M) | (M,M,M) | (H,M,M) | (M,M,M) | (M,M,H) | (M,M,L) | (M,M,L) |
I4 | (VH,VH,L) | (H,M,L) | (VH,VH,L) | (H,VH,L) | (M,VH,L) | (VH,H,L) | (H,VH,L) | (H,H,M) | (H,H,L) | (VH,VH,L) | (VH,H,L) | (M,L,H) | (VH,VH,L) | (H,VH,L) | (H,H,L) | (H,M,L) | (M,M,M) | (M,M,H) | (VH,M,M) | (H,M,L) |
I5 | (L,L,H) | (M,M,H) | (M,L,H) | (M,H,H) | (L,M,M) | (L,M,M) | (M,M,M) | (M,H,M) | (L,L,H) | (H,M,L) | (H,M,L) | (L,M,L) | (H,H,M) | (M,H,M) | (M,H,M) | (H,M,M) | (R,R,L) | (H,M,M) | (M,L,L) | (L,L,M) |
I6 | (L,H,M) | (M,M,L) | (VH,H,L) | (M,M,M) | (L,M,L) | (M,L,M) | (M,M,L) | (L,H,M) | (H,M,H) | (M,M,L) | (L,L,VH) | (L,H,H) | (VH,VH,M) | (M,H,H) | (H,VH,VH) | (M,M,M) | (H,M,M) | (M,L,M) | (M,M,M) | (H,H,M) |
I7 | (L,M,L) | (L,M,M) | (M,L,M) | (M,M,H) | (L,M,L) | (L,L,H) | (L,M,L) | (M,M,M) | (L,H,L) | (L,L,L) | (M,M,M) | (L,L,M) | (H,H,M) | (L,M,L) | (H,H,L) | (H,H,M) | (L,L,R) | (M,M,M) | (M,L,L) | (L,L,L) |
I8 | (M,M,M) | (M,M,M) | (H,L,L) | (M,H,M) | (M,M,L) | (H,H,L) | (L,M,L) | (L,L,L) | (L,L,M) | (M,L,M) | (VH,L,VH) | (M,M,H) | (M,M,L) | (H,M,M) | (H,L,L) | (M,L,L) | (M,M,M) | (M,H,H) | (L,L,L) | (L,M,L) |
I9 | (L,M,L) | (H,M,M) | (M,M,M) | (L,H,VH) | (L,L,L) | (L,M,L) | (M,L,L) | (M,M,M) | (L,L,M) | (L,L,L) | (L,L,VH) | (L,L,H) | (M,L,M) | (L,M,L) | (L,L,L) | (M,M,M) | (M,M,M) | (H,H,H) | (M,M,M) | (M,L,M) |
I10 | (M,H,VH) | (H,H,H) | (VH,H,H) | (M,H,VH) | (M,M,M) | (HM,M) | (M,M,M) | (L,M,M) | (M,L,M) | (L,M,L) | (H,M,L) | (M,M,M) | (M,M,L) | (M,M,M) | (L,VH,L) | (H,VH,L) | (M,M,M) | (H,H,H) | (M,M,L) | (M,M,M) |
I11 | (L,L,L) | (L,L,M) | (H,M,M) | (M,H,H) | (L,L,L) | (M,M,M) | (L,L,L) | (M,L,L) | (M,L,L) | (M,L,L) | (H,M,L) | (L,M,H) | (L,L,L) | (M,L,M) | (H,VH,M) | (M,M,L) | (R,R,R) | (VH,H,VH) | (L,L,M) | (L,L,M) |
I12 | (L,H,L) | (L,M,L) | (VH,M,L) | (M,H,VH) | (L,M,L) | (L,M,H) | (L,M,L) | (L,M,L) | (L,L,M) | (M,L,M) | (VH,L,L) | (R,R,VH) | (M,M,L) | (M,L,L) | (M,VH,L) | (L,M,L) | (M,L,M) | (M,M,H) | (L,M,M) | (M,M,L) |
I13 | (L,H,M) | (H,M,L) | (M,L,L) | (L,H,VH) | (M,M,M) | (L,M,H) | (H,L,L) | (M,M,L) | (M,M,L) | (L,M,L) | (M,L,M) | (L,H,H) | (M,H,M) | (M,VH,M) | (M,VH,L) | (L,L,L) | (M,M,H) | (H,VH,H) | (L,L,L) | (H,M,L) |
I14 | (L,L,L) | (L,M,L) | (VH,M,L) | (H,M,VH) | (M,L,M) | (H,M,H) | (L,M,L) | (L,M,L) | (L,M,L) | (H,L,L) | (VH,L,L) | (L,H,H) | (L,M,L) | (M,H,VH) | (H,M,L) | (L,L,M) | (L,R,R) | (H,H,H) | (H,L,H) | (L,M,L) |
I15 | (L,M,H) | (M,M,M) | (VH,H,L) | (L,M,M) | (L,M,M) | (L,L,M) | (L,M,L) | (L,L,M) | (M,L,H) | (L,H,L) | (L,L,VH) | (M,M,H) | (H,H,M) | (H,H,M) | (M,VH,VH) | (M,L,L) | (M,M,H) | (H,H,VH) | (L,L,H) | (L,L,M) |
I16 | (L,L,L) | (L,L,H) | (VH,M,M) | (H,H,VH) | (L,L,L) | (L,H,M) | (M,H,L) | (H,L,L) | (L,L,L) | (L,L,M) | (L,L,L) | (R,R,M) | (L,L,L) | (L,H,L) | (M,VH,H) | (M,M,L) | (L,L,R) | (VH,H,H) | (L,L,M) | (L,L,M) |
I17 | (L,H,L) | (M,H,M) | (H,M,L) | (M,M,M) | (L,H,H) | (L,L,M) | (M,M,L) | (L,M,M) | (H,M,L) | (L,VH,M) | (M,M,L) | (L,M,H) | (M,L,M) | (L,M,M) | (M,M,L) | (M,L,L) | (M,M,M) | (VH,VH,VH) | (M,M,L) | (H,H,M) |
I18 | (M,VH,L) | (H,H,M) | (H,H,L) | (L,H,M) | (H,M,H) | (M,H,H) | (M,M,L) | (M,M,M) | (L,L,L) | (L,M,L) | (L,L,H) | (H,M,H) | (H,H,M) | (M,L,L) | (L,H,L) | (M,L,L) | (M,M,M) | (H,H,H) | (L,M,M) | (M,M,L) |
I19 | (L,L,L) | (L,M,L) | (M,M,L) | (H,M,VH) | (L,L,L) | (M,M,H) | (M,L,L) | (L,H,L) | (L,L,M) | (M,L,L) | (VH,L,L) | (R,R,R) | (L,L,L) | (H,H,M) | (M,M,M) | (M,L,L) | (L,L,R) | (VH,VH,VH) | (L,M,M) | (L,H,L) |
I20 | (L,L,L) | (L,M,L) | (M,HV,L) | (M,M,H) | (L,M,L) | (M,M,M) | (M,M,H) | (M,L,L) | (M,L,L) | (M,L,L) | (M,L,M) | (R,R,R) | (L,L,L) | (M,H,H) | (L,H,L) | (M,L,L) | (L,R,R) | (M,H,H) | (L,L,H) | (H,L,L) |
I21 | (L,L,VH) | (M,M,M) | (M,VH,M) | (L,L,VH) | (M,H,L) | (M,M,H) | (M,H,H) | (M,M,L) | (M,M,M) | (M,H,H) | (M,L,H) | (M,M,L) | (M,H,M) | (M,M,VH) | (L,H,H) | (M,M,L) | (M,L,M) | (M,H,M) | (M,L,M) | (M,M,M) |
I22 | (M,H,H) | (M,H,M) | (M,VH,M) | (L,M,VH) | (H,M,H) | (L,H,M) | (M,H,M) | (L,M,H) | (L,L,M) | (H,M,L) | (M,L,L) | (L,M,L) | (M,M,L) | (M,M,VH) | (M,H,M) | (M,L,L) | (L,R,R) | (M,H,M) | (H,L,M) | (M,M,M) |
I23 | (M,L,L) | (M,M,H) | (M,VH,M) | (M,M,VH) | (VH,H,M) | (L,L,VH) | (M,M,L) | (M,M,L) | (H,H,M) | (M,M,L) | (M,L,L) | (L,L,H) | (M,H,M) | (M,M,L) | (M,M,H) | (M,M,L) | (M,L,M) | (M,M,M) | (L,L,M) | (M,H,M) |
I24 | (L,L,VH) | (M,M,H) | (M,VH,H) | (L,M,VH) | (M,M,H) | (L,L,VH) | (M,L,M) | (M,L,L) | (L,H,L) | (L,M,L) | (L,M,L) | (R,R,H) | (L,L,L) | (M,H,M) | (M,H,M) | (M,L,L) | (L,L,R) | (H,H,VH) | (M,M,H) | (L,L,M) |
I25 | (H,L,VH) | (H,M,H) | (M,H,M) | (M,M,H) | (M,L,M) | (LLH) | (M,L,L) | (M,M,M) | (H,L,L) | (M,L,L) | (H,H,M) | (L,M,M) | (M,L,L) | (M,M,H) | (M,H,H) | (M,M,L) | (M,M,M) | (M,H,VH) | (L,M,H) | (L,M,M) |
I26 | (L,L,VH) | (H,M,H) | (VH,H,H) | (M,M,H) | (M,M,M) | (M,M,H) | (M,M,M) | (M,M,M) | (LLH) | (H,M,L) | (L,M,M) | (L,L,H) | (M,M,L) | (M,M,H) | (M,H,H) | (M,M,L) | (M,M,H) | (M,M,M) | (M,M,H) | (M,M,H) |
I27 | (H,VH,M) | (H,H,M) | (H,VH,M) | (H,M,VH) | (L,L,M) | (L,M,M) | (M,M,M) | (M,L,M) | (M,H,H) | (M,H,VH) | (H,M,VH) | (M,L,L) | (M,H,M) | (H,M,M) | (H,H,L) | (M,M,M) | (M,L,M) | (M,H,H) | (L,L,M) | (L,M,H) |
I28 | (M,L,VH) | (H,M,H) | (H,VH,M) | (M,M,VH) | (M,H,M) | (M,M,M) | (H,H,M) | (LLM) | (M,L,M) | (M,L,L) | (M,L,VH) | (L,M,M) | (H,H,M) | (H,M,L) | (H,H,H) | (M,L,M) | (M,M,M) | (VH,H,H) | (M,LM) | (M,H,VH) |
I29 | (H,VH,VH) | (H,M,H) | (VH,VH,L) | (M,M,VH) | (M,H,M) | (L,L,H) | (M,M,L) | (L,M,M) | (M,H,L) | (M,L,L) | (L,M,L) | (L,L,H) | (H,H,M) | (H,M,L) | (M,H,H) | (M,M,M) | (M,M,M) | (H,H,H) | (M,M,M) | (M,H,VH) |
I30 | (M,H,H) | (H,H,M) | (LLM) | (H,M,VH) | (L,L,VH) | (L,VH,L) | (M,M,L) | (M,M,M) | (M,H,H) | (M,L,VH) | (H,H,M) | (L,L,M) | (VH,VH,H) | (M,M,VH) | (M,M,M) | (H,L,M) | (M,M,H) | (H,M,M) | (L,M,VH) | (M,H,VH) |
I31 | (M,H,H) | (H,M,H) | (M,M,M) | (M,M,VH) | (H,M,H) | (L,H,H) | (M,H,L) | (L,L,M) | (M,M,H) | (M,L,L) | (H,M,M) | (L,L,H) | (H,H,M) | (M,M,M) | (H,H,H) | (M,L,L) | (M,M,M) | (H,M,M) | (H,L,M) | (M,M,H) |
I32 | (L,L,H) | (M,M,M) | (VH,VH,L) | (M,M,M) | (L,LM) | (L,L,H) | (LLL) | (L,L,M) | (M,L,L) | (LLL) | (VH,L,H) | (M,H,L) | (LLL) | (L,M,L) | (M,H,M) | (M,M,L) | (M,M,M) | (M,H,H) | (L,L,M) | (L,L,M) |
I33 | (L,M,M) | (M,H,M) | (VH,VH,M) | (LH,VH) | (L,M,H) | (L,L,H) | (LLL) | (M,M,L) | (LLM) | (L,M,H) | (L,L,M) | (L,L,L) | (M,M,M) | (M,M,L) | (M,H,M) | (M,M,M) | (M,L,M) | (M,M,M) | (M,LM) | (M,M,M) |
Item | Severity (S) | Occurrence (O) | Detection (D) |
---|---|---|---|
I1 | (3.705, 5.425, 6.950) | (3.414, 5.113, 6.556) | (3.351, 4.973, 6.144) |
I2 | (2.228, 3.975, 5.723) | (1.363, 3.000, 4.638) | (4.510, 6.165, 7.280) |
I3 | (3.353, 5.145, 6.938) | (3.366, 5.243, 7.119) | (2.236, 3.998, 5.759) |
I4 | (7.463, 8.988, 9.530) | (6.788, 8.330, 9.033) | (1.534, 3.063, 4.396) |
I5 | (2.088, 3.623, 5.238) | (2.760, 4.463, 6.200) | (2.673, 4.470, 6.268) |
I6 | (6.240, 7.870, 8.810) | (5.454, 7.093, 8.476) | (6.105, 7.765, 8.690) |
I7 | (1.505, 3.180, 4.855) | (2.305, 4.050, 5.795) | (1.595, 3.251, 4.940) |
I8 | (5.503, 7.145, 8.128) | (2.049, 3.773, 5.496) | (2.360, 3.970, 5.298) |
I9 | (1.973, 3.705, 5.438) | (1.559, 3.278, 4.996) | (3.079, 4.769, 6.118) |
I10 | (4.015, 5.590, 6.835) | (4.106, 5.893, 7.424) | (2.633, 4.365, 5.873) |
I11 | (4.153, 5.795, 6.958) | (2.473, 4.033, 5.373) | (2.321, 3.963, 5.409) |
I12 | (3.753, 5.425, 6.618) | (3.205, 4.876, 6.345) | (2.636, 4.169, 5.360) |
I13 | (2.590, 4.290, 5.990) | (4.410, 6.100, 7.325) | (3.076, 4.819, 6.336) |
I14 | (4.573, 6.115, 7.148) | (2.111, 3.825, 5.574) | (4.989, 6.469, 7.306) |
I15 | (3.295, 4.900, 6.175) | (3.150, 4.835, 6.265) | (5.473, 7.096, 8.004) |
I16 | (5.190, 6.705, 7.440) | (2.946, 4.389, 5.629) | (2.464, 4.024, 5.391) |
I17 | (3.968, 5.615, 6.783) | (3.818, 5.559, 7.011) | (2.704, 4.398, 5.896) |
I18 | (2.918, 4.635, 6.353) | (3.418, 5.139, 6.796) | (2.136, 3.773, 5.409) |
I19 | (5.093, 6.755, 7.788) | (2.529, 4.074, 5.461) | (3.219, 4.746, 5.901) |
I20 | (1.730, 3.435, 5.170) | (1.875, 3.403, 4.954) | (1.673, 3.105, 4.618) |
I21 | (2.138, 4.065, 5.993) | (3.383, 5.094, 6.741) | (5.529, 7.118, 8.031) |
I22 | (2.900, 4.590, 6.280) | (3.323, 4.981, 6.611) | (5.165, 6.746, 7.685) |
I23 | (3.530, 5.360, 6.890) | (2.744, 4.471, 6.135) | (4.596, 6.223, 7.279) |
I24 | (1.593, 3.270, 4.978) | (2.153, 3.725, 5.286) | (4.995, 6.570, 7.380) |
I25 | (2.495, 4.290, 6.085) | (2.048, 3.750, 5.453) | (4.150, 5.755, 6.940) |
I26 | (3.700, 5.530, 7.030) | (2.429, 4.313, 6.196) | (4.306, 5.933, 7.334) |
I27 | (2.970, 4.680, 6.390) | (3.253, 5.938, 6.495) | (4.580, 6.340, 7.590) |
I28 | (4.748, 6.455, 8.043) | (5.505, 7.070, 8.380) | (6.913, 8.450, 9.283) |
I29 | (3.945, 5.680, 7.085) | (3.551, 5.275, 6.871) | (4.123, 5.755, 6.968) |
I30 | (4.450, 6.110, 7.560) | (6.203, 7.755, 8.588) | (7.178, 8.706, 8.994) |
I31 | (4.968, 6.615, 8.263) | (2.839, 4.568, 6.296) | (4.061, 5.738, 7.189) |
I32 | (3.465, 5.080, 6.185) | (1.654, 3.256, 4.795) | (1.956, 3.638, 5.319) |
I33 | (3.145, 4.900, 6.325) | (2.139, 3.841, 5.480) | (3.375, 5.100, 6.600) |
RPN Sequence | AP Level | DSi | DOi | DDi | R | Item |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | H | 7.640 | 7.008 | 7.520 | 402.600 | I6 |
2 | H | 6.040 | 7.515 | 8.293 | 376.402 | I30 |
3 | M | 6.415 | 6.985 | 8.215 | 368.104 | I28 |
4 | H | 8.660 | 8.050 | 2.998 | 208.965 | I4 |
5 | M | 6.615 | 4.568 | 5.663 | 171.087 | I31 |
6 | L | 5.570 | 5.233 | 5.615 | 163.649 | I29 |
7 | M | 4.790 | 4.750 | 6.858 | 156.025 | I15 |
8 | M | 4.590 | 4.972 | 6.532 | 149.062 | I22 |
9 | L | 5.945 | 3.837 | 6.255 | 142.661 | I14 |
10 | M | 4.065 | 5.073 | 6.893 | 142.121 | I21 |
11 | L | 4.680 | 4.895 | 6.170 | 141.346 | I27 |
12 | L | 5.260 | 4.450 | 6.033 | 141.203 | I23 |
13 | L | 5.420 | 4.313 | 5.858 | 136.912 | I26 |
14 | M | 5.480 | 5.808 | 4.290 | 136.530 | I10 |
15 | L | 5.360 | 5.028 | 4.823 | 129.954 | I1 |
16 | L | 5.455 | 5.463 | 4.333 | 129.100 | I17 |
17 | M | 6.545 | 4.021 | 4.622 | 121.649 | I19 |
18 | M | 4.290 | 5.945 | 4.744 | 120.985 | I13 |
19 | L | 6.445 | 4.321 | 3.960 | 110.276 | I16 |
20 | L | 5.145 | 5.243 | 3.998 | 107.823 | I3 |
21 | L | 5.265 | 4.809 | 4.055 | 102.665 | I12 |
22 | M | 6.925 | 3.773 | 3.875 | 101.233 | I8 |
23 | L | 4.790 | 3.820 | 5.025 | 91.946 | I33 |
24 | L | 4.290 | 3.750 | 5.615 | 90.331 | I25 |
25 | L | 4.635 | 5.118 | 3.773 | 89.482 | I18 |
26 | L | 5.635 | 3.959 | 3.898 | 86.953 | I11 |
27 | L | 3.280 | 3.721 | 6.315 | 77.079 | I24 |
28 | L | 3.649 | 4.474 | 4.470 | 72.982 | I5 |
29 | L | 3.975 | 3.000 | 5.985 | 71.371 | I2 |
30 | L | 4.910 | 3.235 | 3.638 | 57.778 | I32 |
31 | L | 3.705 | 3.278 | 4.655 | 56.526 | I9 |
32 | L | 3.180 | 4.050 | 3.262 | 42.012 | I7 |
33 | L | 3.445 | 3.410 | 3.132 | 36.794 | I20 |
Type of Facility | Proportion of Qualified Buildings in Nanhu (Old) Campus | Proportion of Qualified Buildings in Hunnan (New) Campus |
---|---|---|
Accessible entrances | 46.67% | 96.00% |
ramp | 26.67% | 96.00% |
Ramp handrails | 26.67% | 44.00% |
Accessible elevators | 20.00% | 40.00% |
Accessible toilets | 33.33% | 72.00% |
The narrowest access corridor | 100.00% | 100.00% |
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Share and Cite
Qiao, W.; Chen, Z.; Hou, T. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis of Accessibility in Frigid Zone Campus Buildings. Sustainability 2024, 16, 3437. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16083437
Qiao W, Chen Z, Hou T. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis of Accessibility in Frigid Zone Campus Buildings. Sustainability. 2024; 16(8):3437. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16083437
Chicago/Turabian StyleQiao, Wenqi, Zimo Chen, and Tong Hou. 2024. "Failure Mode and Effects Analysis of Accessibility in Frigid Zone Campus Buildings" Sustainability 16, no. 8: 3437. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16083437