Trees in Canadian Cities: Indispensable Life Form for Urban Sustainability
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Theme | Reference(s) |
---|---|
Community/Social Cohesion | [3,4] |
Education | [5] |
Employment | [6] |
Energy | [7,8] |
Food Security | [9,10] |
Greenspace and Biodiversity | [11,12] |
Human Health | [13,14] |
Justice and Human Rights | [15,16,1718] |
Transportation | [19,20,21] |
Urban Form and Design | [22,23] |
Water and Air Quality | [24,2526] |
2. Concepts of Sustainability in Relation to Cities
3. Conceptions of Urban Forests
4. How Trees Contribute to Sustainability of Cities
A Suite of Urban-Forest Values
5. Can Trees Detract from Urban Sustainability?
6. Enhancing Urban Forests for City Sustainability
7. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Duinker, P.N.; Ordóñez, C.; Steenberg, J.W.N.; Miller, K.H.; Toni, S.A.; Nitoslawski, S.A. Trees in Canadian Cities: Indispensable Life Form for Urban Sustainability. Sustainability 2015, 7, 7379-7396. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7067379
Duinker PN, Ordóñez C, Steenberg JWN, Miller KH, Toni SA, Nitoslawski SA. Trees in Canadian Cities: Indispensable Life Form for Urban Sustainability. Sustainability. 2015; 7(6):7379-7396. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7067379
Chicago/Turabian StyleDuinker, Peter N., Camilo Ordóñez, James W. N. Steenberg, Kyle H. Miller, Sydney A. Toni, and Sophie A. Nitoslawski. 2015. "Trees in Canadian Cities: Indispensable Life Form for Urban Sustainability" Sustainability 7, no. 6: 7379-7396. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7067379