South-to-North Water Diversion Halting Long-Lived Subsidence in Tianjin, North China Plain
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Study Area and Datasets
2.1. Geographical Background of Study Area
2.2. GNSS Vertical Position Time Series
2.3. Tianjin Water Resources Bulletin
3. Methodology
3.1. Correcting Jumps in GNSS Data with Variable Rates
3.2. Implementing the Well-Modeled Corrections
3.3. Modeling GNSS Position Time Series
4. Results and Analysis
4.1. Crustal Subsidence from GNSS Time Series
4.2. Spatial Distribution of Cumulative Subsidence
4.3. Deformation Rates during Different Periods
5. Discussion
5.1. Impact of Model Predictions on Seasonal Deformation
5.2. Attribution Analysis of Weakened Subsidence in Different Regions
5.3. Relationship between Groundwater Resources and Subsidence
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Jiang, Z.; Zhu, J.; Guo, H.; Qiu, K.; Tang, M.; Yang, X.; Liu, J. South-to-North Water Diversion Halting Long-Lived Subsidence in Tianjin, North China Plain. Remote Sens. 2024, 16, 3213. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173213
Jiang Z, Zhu J, Guo H, Qiu K, Tang M, Yang X, Liu J. South-to-North Water Diversion Halting Long-Lived Subsidence in Tianjin, North China Plain. Remote Sensing. 2024; 16(17):3213. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173213
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiang, Zhongshan, Juyan Zhu, Haipeng Guo, Keshan Qiu, Miao Tang, Xinghai Yang, and Jinyu Liu. 2024. "South-to-North Water Diversion Halting Long-Lived Subsidence in Tianjin, North China Plain" Remote Sensing 16, no. 17: 3213. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173213