Application of HY-2B Satellite Data to Retrieve Snow Depth on Antarctic Sea Ice
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Data
2.1. Study Area
2.2. HY-2B SMR and GCOM-W1 AMSR-2 Brightness Temperature Data
2.3. NSIDC Snow Depth Data Product and Ship-Based Observational Snow Depth Data
3. Methods
3.1. Snow Depth Retrieval Model
3.2. Comparison and Accuracy Evaluation
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Assessment of the Retrieved HY-2B SMR Snow Depth Based on Different Models
4.2. Comparison of HY-2B SMR Snow Depth with GCOM-W1 AMSR-2 Snow Depth Product
4.3. Spatiotemporal Variations of Snow Depth on Antarctic Sea Ice in 2019
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sensor | SMR | AMSR2 |
---|---|---|
Satellite | HY-2B | GCOM-W1 |
Launch date | 25 October 2018 | 4 July 2012 |
Altitude (km) | 973 | 700 |
Incidence Angle (°) | 53 | 55 |
Swath Width (km) | 1600 | 1450 |
Scan Period (s) | 3.8 | 1.5 |
Center Frequency (GHz) Polarization, Temperature Sensitivity (K) | 6.93 V/H, 0.5 | 6.93 V/H, 0.4 |
10.65 V/H, 0.6 | 10.65 V/H, 0.7 | |
18.7 V/H, 0.5 | 18.7 V/H, 0.7 | |
23.8 V, 0.5 | 23.8 V/H, 0.6 | |
37 V/H, 0.8 | 36.5 V/H, 0.7 | |
- | 89 V/H, 1.2 |
Model | MD/cm | MAD/cm | RMSD/cm |
---|---|---|---|
Markus98 | −5.6 | 7.0 | 9.9 |
Comiso03 | −1.9 | 6.1 | 8.2 |
Shen22 | −3.5 | 7.0 | 9.9 |
Sea Ice State | Month | MD/cm | RMSD/cm |
---|---|---|---|
Ablation period | November | 5.3 | 6.9 |
December | 9.3 | 14.8 | |
January | 11.1 | 19.4 | |
February | 5.9 | 16.9 | |
March | 5.2 | 14.2 | |
The whole ablation period | 5.0 | 14.4 | |
Growth period | April | 2.4 | 10.0 |
May | 1.2 | 8.0 | |
June | 1.3 | 7.4 | |
July | 0.6 | 6.8 | |
August | 1.1 | 6.9 | |
September | 1.3 | 6.7 | |
October | 2.3 | 7.1 | |
The whole growth period | 1.0 | 7.4 |
Sea Ice State | Antarctic Sea Area | MD/cm | RMSD/cm |
---|---|---|---|
Spring (September to November) | Bellingshausen and Amundsen seas | 6.4 | 11.8 |
Weddell Sea | 2.0 | 9.2 | |
Southern India Ocean | 2.4 | 7.9 | |
Southern Pacific Ocean | 2.1 | 8.4 | |
Ross Sea | 1.5 | 8.0 | |
Summer (December to February) | Bellingshausen and Amundsen seas | 12.1 | 21.8 |
Weddell Sea | 9.2 | 16.9 | |
Southern India Ocean | 6.6 | 17.3 | |
Southern Pacific Ocean | 6.1 | 18.4 | |
Ross Sea | 9.7 | 17.5 | |
Autumn (March to May) | Bellingshausen and Amundsen seas | 5.0 | 13.1 |
Weddell Sea | 0.9 | 9.4 | |
Southern India Ocean | 3.3 | 12.7 | |
Southern Pacific Ocean | 2.5 | 10.1 | |
Ross Sea | 0.9 | 7.5 | |
Winter (June to August) | Bellingshausen and Amundsen seas | 5.1 | 11.0 |
Weddell Sea | −1.1 | 7.0 | |
Southern India Ocean | 0.1 | 7.0 | |
Southern Pacific Ocean | 2.6 | 8.6 | |
Ross Sea | 1.9 | 8.0 | |
Annual (January to November) | Bellingshausen and Amundsen seas | 6.3 | 13.2 |
Weddell Sea | 1.4 | 9.5 | |
Southern India Ocean | 1.9 | 8.9 | |
Southern Pacific Ocean | 2.6 | 9.7 | |
Ross Sea | 2.3 | 9.2 |
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Ji, Q.; Liu, N.; Yu, M.; Zhang, Z.; Xiao, Z.; Pang, X. Application of HY-2B Satellite Data to Retrieve Snow Depth on Antarctic Sea Ice. Remote Sens. 2024, 16, 3253. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173253
Ji Q, Liu N, Yu M, Zhang Z, Xiao Z, Pang X. Application of HY-2B Satellite Data to Retrieve Snow Depth on Antarctic Sea Ice. Remote Sensing. 2024; 16(17):3253. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173253
Chicago/Turabian StyleJi, Qing, Nana Liu, Mengqin Yu, Zhiming Zhang, Zehui Xiao, and Xiaoping Pang. 2024. "Application of HY-2B Satellite Data to Retrieve Snow Depth on Antarctic Sea Ice" Remote Sensing 16, no. 17: 3253. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16173253