Dietary Interventions for Night Shift Workers: A Literature Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
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- Population: Night shift workers, excluding studies on simulated night shift.
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- Intervention: Dietary intervention. Studies that had additional components to dietary intervention, such as physical activity or other lifestyle interventions, were included, but the additional components would not be discussed.
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- Comparator: No comparator.
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- Outcomes: Overall health including anthropometrics, dietary knowledge and behaviour, cardiometabolic profile, overall health and wellbeing, performance, hunger, and compliance.
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- Study type: All types, excluding reviews.
3. Results
3.1. Outcomes
3.1.1. Anthropometrics, Dietary Knowledge and Behaviour
3.1.2. Cardiometabolic Profiles
3.1.3. Overall Health, Wellbeing, Performance, and Hunger
3.2. Compliance and Adverse Events
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Author (Year), Study Type | Participants | Start (n), Night Shift Workers (n/% of Study Population) | End (n), Night Shift Workers (n/% of Study Population), Attrition (%), Reasons for Attrition | Intervention | Outcome Measures | Results | Compliance of Completers, Adverse Events |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Love et al., 2005 [39], two-week pre–post intervention trial; two baseline shift days in 1st week and two test shift days in 2nd week. | Country: Canada Gender: women (n = 2) male (n = 4) Occupation: industrial plant Age: 19–44 years | Total: 6 Shift: 100% | Total: 6 Shift: 100% Attrition: 0% | Provision of test meal at 12:00 am:
|
| Compared to baseline
| Compliance: not reported. Adverse events: not reported. |
Paz et al., 1997 [43], three-days three-armed randomised controlled trial; cross-over design of three diet types on three occasions. | Country: Israel Gender: women (n = 12) male (n = 9) Occupation: hospital ward and X-ray department staff Age: mean (SD): females 28.9 (3.2) years, males 34.4 (8.2) years | Total: 21 Shift: 100% | Total: 21 Shift: 100% Attrition: 0% | Provision of three diets at 12:00 pm on the day prior to night shift, on three separate occasions, given in random order:
|
| Comparison between groups
| Compliance: not reported. Adverse events: not reported. |
Knutsson et al., 2002 [42], three-weeks pre–post intervention trial: three days of standardised meals followed by two days of three test meals each, flanked by a week of non-intervention on each end. | Country: Sweden Gender: women (n = 11) male (n = 0) Occupation: nurses Age: 33–53 years | Total: 11 Shift: 100% | Total: 11 Shift: 100% Attrition: 0% | Provision of:
|
| Comparison between timings
| Compliance: not reported. Adverse events: not reported. |
Elliot et al., 2004 [40], six-month pilot three-armed randomised controlled trial | Country: United States Gender: not stated. Occupation: firefighters Age: mean (SD): team-based 48.3 (4.8) years, individual-oriented 40.5 (7.2) years, control 44 (5.8) years. | Total: 33 Control: 11 Team-based: 12 Individual-oriented: 10 Shift: 100% | Total: 33 Control: 11 Team-based: 12 Individual-oriented: 10 Shift: 100% Attrition: 0% | Team-based:
|
| Intervention vs. control
| Compliance:
|
Elliot et al., 2007 [41], one-year three-armed randomised controlled trial | Country: United States Gender: women (n = 20) male (n = 579) Occupation: firefighters Age: 20–60 years | Total: 599 Control: 163 Team curriculum: 234 Motivational interviewing: 202 Shift: 100% | Total: 480 Control: 129 Team curriculum: 186 Motivational interviewing: 165 Shift: 100% Attrition: 20% Reasons for attrition:
| Team curriculum:
|
| Compared to baseline:
| Compliance:
|
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Phoi, Y.Y.; Keogh, J.B. Dietary Interventions for Night Shift Workers: A Literature Review. Nutrients 2019, 11, 2276. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102276
Phoi YY, Keogh JB. Dietary Interventions for Night Shift Workers: A Literature Review. Nutrients. 2019; 11(10):2276. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102276
Chicago/Turabian StylePhoi, Yan Yin, and Jennifer B. Keogh. 2019. "Dietary Interventions for Night Shift Workers: A Literature Review" Nutrients 11, no. 10: 2276. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102276
APA StylePhoi, Y. Y., & Keogh, J. B. (2019). Dietary Interventions for Night Shift Workers: A Literature Review. Nutrients, 11(10), 2276. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102276