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Article

Antenatal Influenza A-Specific IgA, IgM, and IgG Antibodies in Mother’s Own Breast Milk and Donor Breast Milk, and Gastric Contents and Stools from Preterm Infants

by
Veronique Demers-Mathieu
1,
Robert K. Huston
2,
Andi M. Markell
2,
Elizabeth A. McCulley
2,
Rachel L. Martin
2 and
David C. Dallas
1,*
1
Nutrition Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
2
Department of Pediatrics, Randall Children’s Hospital at Legacy Emanuel, Portland, OR 97227, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2019, 11(7), 1567; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11071567
Submission received: 5 June 2019 / Revised: 3 July 2019 / Accepted: 9 July 2019 / Published: 11 July 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human Milk and Lactation)

Abstract

Antenatal milk anti-influenza antibodies may provide additional protection to newborns until they are able to produce their own antibodies. To evaluate the relative abundance of milk, we studied the antibodies specific to influenza A in feeds and gastric contents and stools from preterm infants fed mother’s own breast milk (MBM) and donor breast milk (DBM). Feed (MBM or DBM) and gastric contents (MBM or DBM at 1 h post-ingestion) and stool samples (MBM/DBM at 24 h post-ingestion) were collected, respectively, from 20 preterm (26–36 weeks gestational age) mother-infant pairs at 8–9 days and 21–22 days of postnatal age. Samples were analyzed via ELISA for anti-H1N1 hemagglutinin (anti-H1N1 HA) and anti-H3N2 neuraminidase (anti-H3N2 NA) specificity across immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and immunoglobulin G (IgG) isotypes. The relative abundance of influenza A-specific IgA in feeds and gastric contents were higher in MBM than DBM at 8–9 days of postnatal age but did not differ at 21–22 days. Anti-influenza A-specific IgM was higher in MBM than in DBM at both postnatal times in feed and gastric samples. At both postnatal times, anti-influenza A-specific IgG was higher in MBM than DBM but did not differ in gastric contents. Gastric digestion reduced anti-H3N2 NA IgG from MBM at 21–22 days and from DBM at 8–9 days of lactation, whereas other anti-influenza A antibodies were not digested at either postnatal times. Supplementation of anti-influenza A-specific antibodies in DBM may help reduce the risk of influenza virus infection. However, the effective antibody dose required to induce a significant protective effect remains unknown.
Keywords: passive immunization; maternal immunoglobulins; lactation; prematurity; flu vaccine; human milk passive immunization; maternal immunoglobulins; lactation; prematurity; flu vaccine; human milk

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Demers-Mathieu, V.; Huston, R.K.; Markell, A.M.; McCulley, E.A.; Martin, R.L.; Dallas, D.C. Antenatal Influenza A-Specific IgA, IgM, and IgG Antibodies in Mother’s Own Breast Milk and Donor Breast Milk, and Gastric Contents and Stools from Preterm Infants. Nutrients 2019, 11, 1567. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11071567

AMA Style

Demers-Mathieu V, Huston RK, Markell AM, McCulley EA, Martin RL, Dallas DC. Antenatal Influenza A-Specific IgA, IgM, and IgG Antibodies in Mother’s Own Breast Milk and Donor Breast Milk, and Gastric Contents and Stools from Preterm Infants. Nutrients. 2019; 11(7):1567. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11071567

Chicago/Turabian Style

Demers-Mathieu, Veronique, Robert K. Huston, Andi M. Markell, Elizabeth A. McCulley, Rachel L. Martin, and David C. Dallas. 2019. "Antenatal Influenza A-Specific IgA, IgM, and IgG Antibodies in Mother’s Own Breast Milk and Donor Breast Milk, and Gastric Contents and Stools from Preterm Infants" Nutrients 11, no. 7: 1567. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11071567

APA Style

Demers-Mathieu, V., Huston, R. K., Markell, A. M., McCulley, E. A., Martin, R. L., & Dallas, D. C. (2019). Antenatal Influenza A-Specific IgA, IgM, and IgG Antibodies in Mother’s Own Breast Milk and Donor Breast Milk, and Gastric Contents and Stools from Preterm Infants. Nutrients, 11(7), 1567. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11071567

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