Induction of Autophagy by Vasicinone Protects Neural Cells from Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Attenuates Paraquat-Mediated Parkinson’s Disease Associated α-Synuclein Levels
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Chemicals
2.2. Cell Culture and Treatments
2.3. MTT Assay
2.4. Detection of Mitochondrial ROS Generation
2.5. Detection of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (Δψm)
2.6. Seperation of Mitochondrial Fractionation
2.7. Immunofluorescence Staining
2.8. Immunoblotting Assay
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Vasicinone Ameliorated Paraquat Mediated Cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y Cells
3.2. Vasicinone Prevented Paraquat Mediated Loss of Mitochondriyal Potential and ROS Generation in SH-SY5Y Cells
3.3. Vasicinone Protected SH-SY5Y Cells through Maintaining the Antioxidant Redox System
3.4. Vasicinone Enhanced the Clearance of α-Synuclein by Upregulating Autophagy
3.5. Vasicinone Protected SH-SY5Y Cells through PINK-1/Parkin-Mediated Mitophagy
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Huang, C.-Y.; Sivalingam, K.; Shibu, M.A.; Liao, P.-H.; Ho, T.-J.; Kuo, W.-W.; Chen, R.-J.; Day, C.-H.; Viswanadha, V.P.; Ju, D.-T. Induction of Autophagy by Vasicinone Protects Neural Cells from Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Attenuates Paraquat-Mediated Parkinson’s Disease Associated α-Synuclein Levels. Nutrients 2020, 12, 1707. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061707
Huang C-Y, Sivalingam K, Shibu MA, Liao P-H, Ho T-J, Kuo W-W, Chen R-J, Day C-H, Viswanadha VP, Ju D-T. Induction of Autophagy by Vasicinone Protects Neural Cells from Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Attenuates Paraquat-Mediated Parkinson’s Disease Associated α-Synuclein Levels. Nutrients. 2020; 12(6):1707. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061707
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Chih-Yang, Kalaiselvi Sivalingam, Marthandam Asokan Shibu, Po-Hsiang Liao, Tsung-Jung Ho, Wei-Wen Kuo, Ray-Jade Chen, Cecilia-Hsuan Day, Vijaya Padma Viswanadha, and Da-Tong Ju. 2020. "Induction of Autophagy by Vasicinone Protects Neural Cells from Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Attenuates Paraquat-Mediated Parkinson’s Disease Associated α-Synuclein Levels" Nutrients 12, no. 6: 1707. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061707