Infancy and Childhood Obesity Grade Predicts Weight Loss in Adulthood: The ONTIME Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Intervention and Weight-Loss Effectiveness
2.3. Assessment of Initial BMI in Adulthood
2.4. Information on Intergenerational Obesity Grade, Size at Birth and Early-Life Obesity Grade
2.5. Statistical Analysis
2.6. Mediation Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Total Weight Loss and Weight Loss Evolution in Response to the Intervention
3.2. Initial BMI in Adulthood
3.3. Mediation Analysis for BMI in Adulthood
4. Discussion
4.1. Comparisons with Previous Studies
4.2. Strengths and Limitations
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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N | Mean (SD) or % | |
---|---|---|
Age (years), mean (SD) | 4264 | 41.5 (12.9) |
Sex (%) | 4264 | |
Male | 895 | 21.0 |
Female | 3369 | 79.0 |
Total weight loss (kg), mean (SD) | 3896 | 6.9 (5.8) |
Women | 3090 | 6.4 (5.4) |
Men | 806 | 9.0 (6.9) |
Adulthood BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 4264 | 31.3 (5.6) |
<25 | 453 | 10.6 |
25–29.99 | 1542 | 36.2 |
≥30 | 2269 | 53.2 |
Maternal grandmother obesity grade (%) | 3607 | |
Underweight | 137 | 3.8 |
Normal weight | 2265 | 62.8 |
Overweight | 744 | 20.6 |
Obese | 461 | 12.8 |
Maternal grandfather obesity grade (%) | 3571 | |
Underweight | 174 | 4.9 |
Normal weight | 2694 | 75.4 |
Overweight | 519 | 14.5 |
Obese | 187 | 5.2 |
Paternal grandmother obesity grade (%) | 3530 | |
Underweight | 127 | 3.6 |
Normal weight | 2243 | 63.5 |
Overweight | 708 | 20.1 |
Obese | 452 | 12.8 |
Paternal grandfather obesity grade (%) | 3420 | |
Underweight | 192 | 5.6 |
Normal weight | 2562 | 74.9 |
Overweight | 450 | 13.2 |
Obese | 216 | 6.3 |
Mother obesity grade (%) | 4135 | |
Underweight | 130 | 3.1 |
Normal weight | 1966 | 47.5 |
Overweight | 1350 | 32.7 |
Obese | 689 | 16.7 |
Father obesity grade (%) | 3927 | |
Underweight | 146 | 3.7 |
Normal weight | 2156 | 54.9 |
Overweight | 1023 | 26.1 |
Obese | 602 | 15.3 |
Size at birth (%) | 1220 | |
Small | 440 | 36.1 |
Medium | 601 | 49.2 |
Big | 179 | 14.7 |
Birthweight (kg), mean (SD) | 753 | 3.49 (0.65) |
Infancy obesity grade (%) | 2967 | |
Underweight | 71 | 2.4 |
Normal weight | 2345 | 79.0 |
Overweight | 513 | 17.3 |
Obese | 38 | 1.3 |
Childhood obesity grade (%) | 3077 | |
Underweight | 62 | 2.0 |
Normal weight | 2049 | 66.6 |
Overweight | 874 | 28.4 |
Obese | 92 | 3.0 |
Adolescence obesity grade (%) | 3246 | |
Underweight | 38 | 1.2 |
Normal weight | 1748 | 53.9 |
Overweight | 1194 | 36.8 |
Obese | 266 | 8.2 |
N | Coef. (95% CI) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Maternal grandmother obesity grade | 3239 | ||
Underweight | 136 | 0.25 (−1.14, 1.64) | 0.726 |
Normal weight | 2001 | Ref. | |
Overweight | 669 | −0.15 (−0.63, 0.33) | 0.546 |
Obese | 433 | 0.19 (−0.37, 0.76) | 0.504 |
Maternal grandfather obesity grade | 3197 | ||
Underweight | 172 | 0.10 (−1.25, 1.45) | 0.882 |
Normal weight | 2393 | Ref. | |
Overweight | 460 | −0.49 (−1.03, 0.06) | 0.080 |
Obese | 172 | 0.18 (−0.67, 1.02) | 0.682 |
Paternal grandmother obesity grade | 3159 | ||
Underweight | 124 | 0.33 (−0.97, 1.63) | 0.622 |
Normal weight | 1979 | Ref. | |
Overweight | 636 | 0.09 (−0.41, 0.58) | 0.727 |
Obese | 420 | 0.49 (−0.09, 1.07) | 0.099 |
Paternal grandfather obesity grade | 3054 | ||
Underweight | 190 | 1.62 (0.46, 2.77) | 0.006 |
Normal weight | 2254 | Ref. | |
Overweight | 410 | −0.67 (−1.24, −0.09) | 0.023 |
Obese | 200 | 0.28 (−0.51, 1.06) | 0.490 |
Mother obesity grade | 3722 | ||
Underweight | 130 | 0.29 (−0.87, 1.44) | 0.625 |
Normal weight | 1748 | Ref. | |
Overweight | 1210 | −0.04 (−0.43, 0.36) | 0.850 |
Obese | 634 | −0.12 (−0.62, 0.38) | 0.641 |
Father obesity grade | 3514 | ||
Underweight | 142 | −0.68 (−1.80, 0.45) | 0.237 |
Normal weight | 1898 | Ref. | |
Overweight | 918 | 0.05 (−0.38, 0.48) | 0.811 |
Obese | 556 | 0.08 (−0.44, 0.60) | 0.757 |
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Morales, E.; Torres-Castillo, N.; Garaulet, M. Infancy and Childhood Obesity Grade Predicts Weight Loss in Adulthood: The ONTIME Study. Nutrients 2021, 13, 2132. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072132
Morales E, Torres-Castillo N, Garaulet M. Infancy and Childhood Obesity Grade Predicts Weight Loss in Adulthood: The ONTIME Study. Nutrients. 2021; 13(7):2132. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072132
Chicago/Turabian StyleMorales, Eva, Nathaly Torres-Castillo, and Marta Garaulet. 2021. "Infancy and Childhood Obesity Grade Predicts Weight Loss in Adulthood: The ONTIME Study" Nutrients 13, no. 7: 2132. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072132
APA StyleMorales, E., Torres-Castillo, N., & Garaulet, M. (2021). Infancy and Childhood Obesity Grade Predicts Weight Loss in Adulthood: The ONTIME Study. Nutrients, 13(7), 2132. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072132