Comparing Two Days of Dietary Intake in What We Eat in America (WWEIA), NHANES, 2013–2016
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Sociodemographic Characteristics
3.2. Weekend/Weekday
3.3. Restaurant Intake
3.4. Self-Described Intake
3.5. Comparison of Day 1 and Day 2 Mean Energy Intake
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | Males | Females | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age 20–39 y 2 No. (%) | Age 40–59 y No. (%) | Age 60+ y No. (%) | Age 20–39 y No. (%) | Age 40–59 y No. (%) | Age 60+ y No. (%) | |
Race/Ethnicity | ||||||
Non-Hispanic White | 325 (40) | 353 (42) | 493 (52) | 338 (41) | 386 (43) | 485 (54) |
Non-Hispanic Black | 129 (16) | 154 (18) | 165 (18) | 128 (15) | 162 (18) | 116 (13) |
Non-Hispanic Asian | 122 (15) | 117 (14) | 58 (6) | 100 (12) | 93 (10) | 73 (8) |
Hispanic | 186 (23) | 196 (23) | 211 (22) | 223 (27) | 230 (26) | 200 (22) |
Non-Hispanic Other | 46 (6) | 30 (3) | 14 (2) | 41 (5) | 31 (3) | 18 (2) |
Family Income asPIR 3 | ||||||
<131% | 226 (28) | 198 (23) | 234 (25) | 288 (35) | 223 (25) | 236 (26) |
131–350% | 298 (37) | 259 (30) | 357 (38) | 279 (34) | 287 (32) | 335 (38) |
>350% | 222 (27) | 328 (39) | 277 (29) | 212 (25) | 319 (35) | 225 (25) |
Income N/A | 62 (8) | 65 (8) | 73 (8) | 51 (6) | 72 (8) | 96 (11) |
% Reporting | Restaurant | No Restaurant | Diff | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean Daily Energy Intake (SE) | |||||
Males | |||||
Day 1 | 55 | 2589 (38) | 2265 (32) | 324 | <0.001 |
Day 2 | 53 | 2421 (47) | 2187 (27) | 235 | <0.001 |
Females | |||||
Day 1 | 52 | 1918 (18) | 1728 (20) | 190 | <0.001 |
Day 2 | 48 | 1864 (27) | 1625 (26) | 239 | <0.001 |
% Reporting Usual | Self-Described Intake | Difference More vs. Usual | p-Value | Difference Less vs. Usual | p-Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
More than Usual | Usual | Less than Usual | ||||||
Mean Daily Energy Intake (SE) | ||||||||
Males | ||||||||
Day 1 | 77 | 2917 (111) | 2455 (24) | 2156 (54) | 462 | <0.001 | 298 | <0.001 |
Day 2 | 83 | 2704 (68) | 2329 (28) | 1985 (54) | 375 | <0.001 | 344 | <0.001 |
Females | ||||||||
Day 1 | 73 | 2084 (78) | 1835 (15) | 1669 (35) | 249 | 0.007 | 166 | <0.001 |
Day 2 | 81 | 2049 (62) | 1772 (22) | 1356 (37) | 276 | <0.001 | 417 | <0.001 |
Age (y) | Males (n = 2599) | Diff | % Day 1 Intake | Females (n = 2624) | Diff | % Day 1 Intake | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 1 | Day 2 | |||||
Mean Daily Energy Intake (SE) | Mean Daily Energy Intake (SE) | |||||||
20+ | 2425 (26) | 2334 (32) | 91 | 3.8 | 1832 (18) | 1775 (26) | 57 | 3.1 |
20–29 | 2561 (57) | 2362 (68) | 199 | 7.8 | 1970 (52) | 1868 (52) | 102 | 5.2 |
30–39 | 2625 (76) | 2562 (80) | 63 | 2.4 | 1942 (39) | 1807 (39) | 135 | 7.0 |
40–49 | 2445 (72) | 2302 (92) | 143 | 5.8 | 1844 (52) | 1758 (44) | 86 | 4.7 |
50–59 | 2463 (52) | 2314 (53) | 150 | 6.1 | 1809 (40) | 1758 (41) | 50 | 2.8 |
60+ | 2175 (37) | 2212 (39) | −37 | 1.7 | 1695 (38) | 1723 (45) | −28 | 1.7 |
Race/Ethnicity, Income, and Age (y) | Males | Diff | Females | Diff | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 1 | Day 2 | |||
Mean Daily Energy Intake (SE) | Mean Daily Energy Intake (SE) | |||||
Race/ethnicity Non-Hispanic White | ||||||
20–39 | 2547 (60) | 2525 (83) | 23 | 1973 (53) | 1900 (50) | 73 |
40–59 | 2502 (64) | 2337 (77) | 165 | 1831 (41) | 1759 (43) | 72 |
60+ | 2210 (43) | 2252 (46) | −42 | 1705 (44) | 1740 (55) | −35 |
Non-Hispanic Black | ||||||
20–39 | 2751 (160) | 2207 (103) | 544 | 1965 (89) | 1777 (83) | 188 |
40–59 | 2505 (117) | 2118 (76) | 387 | 1797 (57) | 1774 (59) | 23 |
60+ | 1993 (68) | 1965 (81) | 28 | 1677 (86) | 1659 (127) | 18 |
Non-Hispanic Asian | ||||||
20–39 | 2134 (94) | 1940 (88) | 194 | 1850 (75) | 1659 (93) | 191 |
40–59 | 2184 (81) | 2194 (109) | −10 | 1764 (91) | 1783 (83) | −20 |
60+ | 1881 3 (86) | 2110 3 (286) | −229 | 1542 3 (103) | 1562 3 (65) | −20 |
Hispanic | ||||||
20–39 | 2796 (104) | 2618 (93) | 178 | 1938 (87) | 1763 (58) | 175 |
40–59 | 2300 (77) | 2195 (82) | 104 | 1832 (46) | 1733 (42) | 99 |
60+ | 1975 (92) | 1931 (60) | 45 | 1694 (62) | 1637 (81) | 57 |
Income 2 <131% PIR | ||||||
20–39 | 2706 (122) | 2465 (133) | 241 | 1920 (45) | 1763 (59) | 156 |
40–59 | 2452 (101) | 2187 (78) | 265 | 1683 (85) | 1699 (56) | −17 |
60+ | 2265 (66) | 2081 (86) | 184 | 1571 (39) | 1566 (45) | 6 |
131–350% PIR | ||||||
20–39 | 2689 (61) | 2524 (74) | 165 | 2005 (53) | 1900 (60) | 105 |
40–59 | 2450 (92) | 2487 (124) | −36 | 1844 (44) | 1757 (48) | 87 |
60+ | 2139 (61) | 2156 (65) | −17 | 1732 (46) | 1793 (71) | −61 |
>350% PIR | ||||||
20–39 | 2413 (72) | 2365 (83) | 48 | 1978 (87) | 1849 (63) | 129 |
40–59 | 2488 (61) | 2281 (69) | 207 | 1880 (42) | 1794 (41) | 86 |
60+ | 2247 (61) | 2335 (77) | −88 | 1742 (67) | 1747 (79) | −5 |
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Steinfeldt, L.C.; Martin, C.L.; Clemens, J.C.; Moshfegh, A.J. Comparing Two Days of Dietary Intake in What We Eat in America (WWEIA), NHANES, 2013–2016. Nutrients 2021, 13, 2621. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13082621
Steinfeldt LC, Martin CL, Clemens JC, Moshfegh AJ. Comparing Two Days of Dietary Intake in What We Eat in America (WWEIA), NHANES, 2013–2016. Nutrients. 2021; 13(8):2621. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13082621
Chicago/Turabian StyleSteinfeldt, Lois C., Carrie L. Martin, John C. Clemens, and Alanna J. Moshfegh. 2021. "Comparing Two Days of Dietary Intake in What We Eat in America (WWEIA), NHANES, 2013–2016" Nutrients 13, no. 8: 2621. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13082621