Exocrine Pancreatic Function in Girls with Anorexia Nervosa
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
- Cumulative dose of 13C-triglycerides recovered from exhaled air, defined as the percentage of 13CO2 excreted relative to the amount of 13C-triglycerides administered (% of cumulative dose (%CD);
- Time from administration of 13C-triglycerides to obtaining the peak 13CO excretion (time to peak (TTP)).
Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Leptin
4.2. Insulin
4.3. Ghrelin
4.4. Limitations of This Work and Directions for Further Research
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | AN (n = 31) | C (n = 38) | p (Cohen’s d Coefficient) |
---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD (Min–Max) | |||
Age (years) | 15.1 ± 1.6 (12.3–17.4) | 15.9 ± 0.9 (13.4–17.7) | 0.08 |
Weight (kg) | 40.9 ± 6.4 (27.5–55.1) | 55.4 ± 7.2 (40.6–73.0) | <0.0001 (−2.26) |
Weight-SDS | −1.61 ± 0.82 (–3.36 to 0.45) | −0.10 ± 0.87 (–2.04 to 2.05) | <0.0001 (−1.84) |
Height (m) | 1.62 ± 0.78 (1.43–1.82) | 1.63 ± 0.62 (1.49–1.74) | 0.45 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 15.38 ± 1.46 (10.7–17.58) | 20.59 ± 2.06 (15.66–25.40) | <0.0001 (–3.56) |
BMI-SDS | −1.82 ± 0.61 (−3.88 to −0.81) | −0.08 ± 0.76 (−1.85 to 1.77) | <0.0001 (−2.85) |
Max weight before illness (kg) | 58.0 ± 12.8 (32.00–90.00) | – | |
Disease duration (months) | 9.5 ± 7.1 (2.0–34.0) | – | |
Loss of weight (kg) | 17.1 ± 8.7 (4.5–37.2) | – | |
Rate of loss of weight (kg/month) | 2.3 ± 1.4 (0.4–6.9) | – | |
Duration of amenorrhea (months) | 5.4 ± 2.4 (1.0–10.0) | – |
Parameter | AN (n = 31) | C (n = 38) | p (Cohen’s d Coefficient) |
---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD (Min–Max) | |||
ALT (U/L) | 21.2 ± 18.8 (7.4–88.9) | 12.4 ± 4.7 (5.0–28.1) | 0.003 (0.46) |
AST (U/L) | 22.5 ± 13.8 (12.8–84.6) | 18.0 ± 3.1 (13.8–28.2) | 0.21 |
GGTP (U/L) | 14.4 ± 12.4 (6.0–70.0) | 12.3 ± 5.4 (6.0–35.0) | 0.57 |
Total bilirubin (µmol/L) | 10.4 ± 6.4 (2.5–27.0) | 11.8 ± 11.2 (8.1–2.2) | 0.53 |
Amylase (U/L) | 54.5 ± 25.4 (22.0–149.0) | 63.7 ± 21.8 (25.0–112.0) | 0.11 |
Glucose (mg/dL) | 79.75 ± 7.34 (53.3–91.0) | 90.4 ± 8.7 (75.0–109.0) | <0.0001 (−1.45) |
Insulin (µU/mL) | 4.62 ± 2.49 (1.32–12.90) | 10.82 ± 3.57 (4.61–18.62) | <0.0001 (−2.49) |
HOMA-IR | 0.92 ± 0.53 (0.25–2.68) | 2.44 ± 088 (0.94–4.38) | <0.0001 (−2.87) |
Leptin (ng/mL) | 1.26 ± 1.57 (0.12–7.42) | 11.51 ± 6.59 (1.16–25.28) | <0.0001 (−6.53) |
sLR (ng/mL) | 12.13 ± 5.62 (6.79–33.42) | 6.27 ± 1.72 (3.57–13.32) | <0.0001 (1.04) |
FLI | 0.12 ± 0.18 (0.01 –0.92) | 1.99 ± 1.35 (0.20–5.77) | <0.0001 (−10.39) |
Acylated ghrelin (pg/mL) | 168.24 ± 259.73 (22.53–1420.95) | 52.01 ± 56.96 (18.93–289.92) | <0.0001 (0.45) |
Desacylated ghrelin (pg/mL) | 741.15 ± 387.46 (143.79–1813.08) | 505.48 ± 178.74 (246.12–959.58) | <0.0001 (0.61) |
Parameter | Group | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
AN (n = 31) | C (n = 38) | |||
%CD (%) | TTP (min) | %CD (%) | TTP (min) | |
Insulin (µU/mL) | r = −0.18 p = 0.31 | r = −0.11 p = 0.94 | r = −0.11 p = 0.50 | r = −0.36 p = 0.02 |
HOMA-IR | r = −0.16 p = 0.36 | r = −0.01 p = 0.94 | r = −0.07 p = 0.68 | r = −0.36 p = 0.02 |
Leptin (ng/mL) | r = −0.26 p = 0.14 | r = −0.13 p = 0.46 | r = −0.14 p = 0.40 | r = −0.21 p = 0.19 |
sLR (ng/mL) | r = 0.01 p = 0.99 | r = −0.38 p = 0.03 | r = 0.02 p = 0.87 | r = −0.13 p = 0.42 |
FLI | r = −0.77 p < 0.0001 | r = −0.36 p = 0.04 | r = −0.61 p < 0.0001 | r = −0.10 p = 0.55 |
Acylated ghrelin (pg/mL) | r = 0.23 p = 0.20 | r = 0.15 p = 0.40 | r = −0.07 p = 0.67 | r = 0.25 p = 0.12 |
Desacylated ghrelin (pg/mL) | r = −0.02 p = 0.88 | r = −0.23 p = 0.20 | r = −0.41 p = 0.01 | r = −0.01 p = 0.99 |
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Malczyk, Ż.; Roczniak, W.; Mazur, B.; Kwiecień, J.; Ziora, K.; Górska-Flak, K.; Oświęcimska, J. Exocrine Pancreatic Function in Girls with Anorexia Nervosa. Nutrients 2021, 13, 3280. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13093280
Malczyk Ż, Roczniak W, Mazur B, Kwiecień J, Ziora K, Górska-Flak K, Oświęcimska J. Exocrine Pancreatic Function in Girls with Anorexia Nervosa. Nutrients. 2021; 13(9):3280. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13093280
Chicago/Turabian StyleMalczyk, Żaneta, Wojciech Roczniak, Bogdan Mazur, Jarosław Kwiecień, Katarzyna Ziora, Karolina Górska-Flak, and Joanna Oświęcimska. 2021. "Exocrine Pancreatic Function in Girls with Anorexia Nervosa" Nutrients 13, no. 9: 3280. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13093280