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Article

Nocturnal Lifestyle Behaviours and Risk of Poor Sleep during Pregnancy

by
Chee Wai Ku
1,2,
Rachael Si Xuan Loo
3,
Michelle Mei Ying Tiong
4,
Sing Yee Clara Eng
2,
Yin Bun Cheung
5,6,7,
Lay See Ong
2,
Kok Hian Tan
2,8,
Mary Foong-Fong Chong
9,10,
Jerry Kok Yen Chan
1,2,
Fabian Yap
2,3,11,† and
See Ling Loy
1,2,*,†
1
Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
2
Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
3
Department of Paediatrics, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
4
KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
5
Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
6
Program in Health Services & Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
7
Tampere Centre for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
8
Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
9
Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609, Singapore
10
Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
11
Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
 
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*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Nutrients 2022, 14(11), 2348; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14112348
Submission received: 14 May 2022 / Revised: 30 May 2022 / Accepted: 2 June 2022 / Published: 4 June 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Influence of Dietary Pattern, Quality, and Chrono-Nutrition on Maternal and Offspring Health Outcomes)
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Abstract

The extent to which lifestyle practices at night influence sleep quality in pregnant women remains unknown. This study aimed to examine whether nocturnal behaviours were associated with poor sleep during pregnancy. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of a prospective cohort of pregnant women at 18–24 gestation weeks recruited from KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, between 2019 and 2021. Nocturnal behaviours were assessed with questionnaires, and sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) with a global score ≥5 indicative of poor sleep quality. Modified Poisson regression and linear regression were used to examine the association between nocturnal behaviour and sleep quality. Of 299 women, 117 (39.1%) experienced poor sleep. In the covariate-adjusted analysis, poor sleep was observed in women with nocturnal eating (risk ratio 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12, 2.04) and nocturnal artificial light exposure (1.63; 1.24, 2.13). Similarly, nocturnal eating (β 0.68; 95% CI 0.03, 1.32) and light exposure (1.99; 1.04, 2.94) were associated with higher PSQI score. Nocturnal physical activity and screen viewing before bedtime were not associated with sleep quality. In conclusion, reducing nocturnal eating and light exposure at night could potentially improve sleep in pregnancy.
Keywords: circadian rhythm; light exposure; nocturnal eating; screen viewing; physical activity; pregnancy; sleep quality circadian rhythm; light exposure; nocturnal eating; screen viewing; physical activity; pregnancy; sleep quality

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Ku, C.W.; Loo, R.S.X.; Tiong, M.M.Y.; Eng, S.Y.C.; Cheung, Y.B.; Ong, L.S.; Tan, K.H.; Chong, M.F.-F.; Chan, J.K.Y.; Yap, F.; et al. Nocturnal Lifestyle Behaviours and Risk of Poor Sleep during Pregnancy. Nutrients 2022, 14, 2348. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14112348

AMA Style

Ku CW, Loo RSX, Tiong MMY, Eng SYC, Cheung YB, Ong LS, Tan KH, Chong MF-F, Chan JKY, Yap F, et al. Nocturnal Lifestyle Behaviours and Risk of Poor Sleep during Pregnancy. Nutrients. 2022; 14(11):2348. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14112348

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ku, Chee Wai, Rachael Si Xuan Loo, Michelle Mei Ying Tiong, Sing Yee Clara Eng, Yin Bun Cheung, Lay See Ong, Kok Hian Tan, Mary Foong-Fong Chong, Jerry Kok Yen Chan, Fabian Yap, and et al. 2022. "Nocturnal Lifestyle Behaviours and Risk of Poor Sleep during Pregnancy" Nutrients 14, no. 11: 2348. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14112348

APA Style

Ku, C. W., Loo, R. S. X., Tiong, M. M. Y., Eng, S. Y. C., Cheung, Y. B., Ong, L. S., Tan, K. H., Chong, M. F.-F., Chan, J. K. Y., Yap, F., & Loy, S. L. (2022). Nocturnal Lifestyle Behaviours and Risk of Poor Sleep during Pregnancy. Nutrients, 14(11), 2348. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14112348

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