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Volume 14
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Article

Dietary Patterns and New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Evacuees after the Great East Japan Earthquake: A 7-Year Longitudinal Analysis in the Fukushima Health Management Survey

by
Enbo Ma
1,2,
Tetsuya Ohira
1,2,3,
Hiroyuki Hirai
4,
Kanako Okazaki
2,3,5,
Masanori Nagao
2,3,
Fumikazu Hayashi
2,3,
Hironori Nakano
2,3,
Yuriko Suzuki
6,
Akira Sakai
3,7,
Atsushi Takahashi
3,8,
Junichiro J. Kazama
3,9,
Hirooki Yabe
10,
Masaharu Maeda
3,11,
Seiji Yasumura
3,12,
Hitoshi Ohto
3,
Kenji Kamiya
3,13 and
Michio Shimabukuro
3,4,*
1
Health Promotion Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
2
Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
3
Radiation Medical Science Center for Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
4
Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
5
Department of Physical Therapy, Fukushima Medical University School of Medical Sciences, Fukushima 960-8516, Japan
6
Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan
7
Department of Radiation Life Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
8
Department of Gastroenterology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
9
Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
10
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
11
Department of Disaster Psychiatry, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
12
Department of Public Health, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
13
Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima, University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
 
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2022, 14(22), 4872; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14224872
Submission received: 21 August 2022 / Revised: 3 November 2022 / Accepted: 8 November 2022 / Published: 17 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Asia)
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Abstract

Background: Dietary patterns may be linked to the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after disasters. We investigated the association between dietary patterns and new-onset T2DM in evacuees of the Great East Japan Earthquake and the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident. Methods: Among the 22,740 non-diabetic participants aged 20–89 years who completed the dietary assessment in the Fukushima Health Management Survey between July 2011 and November 2012, the incidence of T2DM was evaluated until 2018. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation was applied to derive dietary patterns based on a validated, short-form food frequency questionnaire. The identified dietary patterns were categorized as typical Japanese, juice, and meat. Results: The cumulative incidence of T2DM was 18.0 and 9.8 per 1000 person-years in men and women, respectively, during the follow-up period. The multiple-adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of the highest vs. lowest quartile of the typical Japanese pattern scores for T2DM was 0.80 (0.68, 0.94; P for trend = 0.015) in total, 0.85 (0.68, 1.06; P for trend = 0.181) in men, and 0.76 (0.60, 0.95; P for trend = 0.04) in women. Conclusions: A typical Japanese dietary pattern may be associated with a reduced new-onset T2DM risk in evacuees, especially women, after the Great East Japan Earthquake and the FDNPP accident.
Keywords: dietary pattern; diabetes mellitus dietary pattern; diabetes mellitus

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ma, E.; Ohira, T.; Hirai, H.; Okazaki, K.; Nagao, M.; Hayashi, F.; Nakano, H.; Suzuki, Y.; Sakai, A.; Takahashi, A.; et al. Dietary Patterns and New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Evacuees after the Great East Japan Earthquake: A 7-Year Longitudinal Analysis in the Fukushima Health Management Survey. Nutrients 2022, 14, 4872. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14224872

AMA Style

Ma E, Ohira T, Hirai H, Okazaki K, Nagao M, Hayashi F, Nakano H, Suzuki Y, Sakai A, Takahashi A, et al. Dietary Patterns and New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Evacuees after the Great East Japan Earthquake: A 7-Year Longitudinal Analysis in the Fukushima Health Management Survey. Nutrients. 2022; 14(22):4872. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14224872

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ma, Enbo, Tetsuya Ohira, Hiroyuki Hirai, Kanako Okazaki, Masanori Nagao, Fumikazu Hayashi, Hironori Nakano, Yuriko Suzuki, Akira Sakai, Atsushi Takahashi, and et al. 2022. "Dietary Patterns and New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Evacuees after the Great East Japan Earthquake: A 7-Year Longitudinal Analysis in the Fukushima Health Management Survey" Nutrients 14, no. 22: 4872. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14224872

APA Style

Ma, E., Ohira, T., Hirai, H., Okazaki, K., Nagao, M., Hayashi, F., Nakano, H., Suzuki, Y., Sakai, A., Takahashi, A., Kazama, J. J., Yabe, H., Maeda, M., Yasumura, S., Ohto, H., Kamiya, K., & Shimabukuro, M. (2022). Dietary Patterns and New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Evacuees after the Great East Japan Earthquake: A 7-Year Longitudinal Analysis in the Fukushima Health Management Survey. Nutrients, 14(22), 4872. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14224872

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