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Nutrients
Volume 15
Issue 13
10.3390/nu15132872
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Article

Does Vitamin K2 Influence the Interplay between Diabetes Mellitus and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in a Rat Model?

by
Mohamed Mahmoud
1,
Maria Kokozidou
1,
Clemens Gögele
1,
Christian Werner
1,
Alexander Auffarth
2,
Benjamin Kohl
3,
Ingo Mrosewski
4 and
Gundula Gesine Schulze-Tanzil
1,*
1
Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg and Salzburg, Prof. Ernst Nathan Str. 1, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany
2
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner-Hauptstraße 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
3
Department of Traumatology and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
4
MVZ MDI Limbach Berlin, Aroser Alle 84, 13407 Berlin, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2023, 15(13), 2872; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15132872
Submission received: 17 May 2023 / Revised: 14 June 2023 / Accepted: 20 June 2023 / Published: 25 June 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Micronutrients and Human Health)
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Abstract

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a common cause of low back pain in diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) patients. Its pathogenesis and the vitamin (vit.) K2 influence on this disease remain unclear. Lumbar motion segments of male Zucker Diabetes Fatty (ZDF) rats (non-diabetic [control] and diabetic; fed without or with vit. K2) were used. Femur lengths and vertebral epiphyseal cross-section areas were measured. IVDs were histopathologically examined. Protein synthesis and gene expression of isolated IVD fibrochondrocytes were analyzed. T2DM rats showed histopathological IVD degeneration. Femur lengths and epiphyseal areas were smaller in T2DM rats regardless of vit. K2 feeding. Fibrochondrocytes synthesized interleukin (IL)-24 and IL-10 with no major differences between groups. Alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) was strongly expressed, especially in cells of vit. K2-treated animals. Gene expression of aggrecan was low, and that of collagen type 2 was high in IVD cells of diabetic animals, whether treated with vit. K2 or not. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (Socs)3 and heme oxygenase (Hmox)1 gene expression was highest in the cells of diabetic animals treated with vit. K2. Vit. K2 influenced the expression of some stress-associated markers in IVD cells of diabetic rats, but not that of IL-10 and IL-24.
Keywords: diabetes mellitus type 2; intervertebral disc; intervertebral disc degeneration; fibrochondrocytes; Zucker Diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats; vit. K2-MK7; IL-10; IL-24; Hmox1; αSma diabetes mellitus type 2; intervertebral disc; intervertebral disc degeneration; fibrochondrocytes; Zucker Diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats; vit. K2-MK7; IL-10; IL-24; Hmox1; αSma
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MDPI and ACS Style

Mahmoud, M.; Kokozidou, M.; Gögele, C.; Werner, C.; Auffarth, A.; Kohl, B.; Mrosewski, I.; Schulze-Tanzil, G.G. Does Vitamin K2 Influence the Interplay between Diabetes Mellitus and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in a Rat Model? Nutrients 2023, 15, 2872. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15132872

AMA Style

Mahmoud M, Kokozidou M, Gögele C, Werner C, Auffarth A, Kohl B, Mrosewski I, Schulze-Tanzil GG. Does Vitamin K2 Influence the Interplay between Diabetes Mellitus and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in a Rat Model? Nutrients. 2023; 15(13):2872. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15132872

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mahmoud, Mohamed, Maria Kokozidou, Clemens Gögele, Christian Werner, Alexander Auffarth, Benjamin Kohl, Ingo Mrosewski, and Gundula Gesine Schulze-Tanzil. 2023. "Does Vitamin K2 Influence the Interplay between Diabetes Mellitus and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in a Rat Model?" Nutrients 15, no. 13: 2872. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15132872

APA Style

Mahmoud, M., Kokozidou, M., Gögele, C., Werner, C., Auffarth, A., Kohl, B., Mrosewski, I., & Schulze-Tanzil, G. G. (2023). Does Vitamin K2 Influence the Interplay between Diabetes Mellitus and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in a Rat Model? Nutrients, 15(13), 2872. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15132872

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