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Volume 15
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10.3390/nu15061503
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Article

Association between the Inflammatory Potential of the Diet and Biological Aging: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 4510 Adults from the Moli-Sani Study Cohort

by
Claudia F. Martínez
1,2,
Simona Esposito
1,
Augusto Di Castelnuovo
3,
Simona Costanzo
1,
Emilia Ruggiero
1,
Amalia De Curtis
1,
Mariarosaria Persichillo
1,
James R. Hébert
4,5,
Chiara Cerletti
1,
Maria Benedetta Donati
1,
Giovanni de Gaetano
1,
Licia Iacoviello
1,6,*,
Alessandro Gialluisi
1 and
Marialaura Bonaccio
1,† on behalf of the Moli-sani Study Investigators
1
Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Via dell’Elettronica, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
2
Population Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico
3
Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122 Napoli, Italy
4
Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
5
Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29201, USA
6
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine (EPIMED), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese-Como, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Moli-sani Study investigators; list available at https://www.moli-sani.org/?page_id=173.
Nutrients 2023, 15(6), 1503; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15061503
Submission received: 15 February 2023 / Revised: 16 March 2023 / Accepted: 18 March 2023 / Published: 21 March 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Nutritional Epidemiology)
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Abstract

Chronological age (CA) may not accurately reflect the health status of an individual. Rather, biological age (BA) or hypothetical underlying “functional” age has been proposed as a relevant indicator of healthy aging. Observational studies have found that decelerated biological aging or Δage (BA-CA) is associated with a lower risk of disease and mortality. In general, CA is associated with low-grade inflammation, a condition linked to the risk of the incidence of disease and overall cause-specific mortality, and is modulated by diet. To address the hypothesis that diet-related inflammation is associated with Δage, a cross-sectional analysis of data from a sub-cohort from the Moli-sani Study (2005–2010, Italy) was performed. The inflammatory potential of the diet was measured using the Energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DIITM) and a novel literature-based dietary inflammation score (DIS). A deep neural network approach based on circulating biomarkers was used to compute BA, and the resulting Δage was fit as the dependent variable. In 4510 participants (men 52.0%), the mean of CA (SD) was 55.6 y (±11.6), BA 54.8 y (±8.6), and Δage −0.77 (±7.7). In a multivariable-adjusted analysis, an increase in E-DIITM and DIS scores led to an increase in Δage (β = 0.22; 95%CI 0.05, 0.38; β = 0.27; 95%CI 0.10, 0.44, respectively). We found interaction for DIS by sex and for E-DIITM by BMI. In conclusion, a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with accelerated biological aging, which likely leads to an increased long-term risk of inflammation-related diseases and mortality.
Keywords: aging; biological age; inflammation; inflammatory diet aging; biological age; inflammation; inflammatory diet
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MDPI and ACS Style

Martínez, C.F.; Esposito, S.; Di Castelnuovo, A.; Costanzo, S.; Ruggiero, E.; De Curtis, A.; Persichillo, M.; Hébert, J.R.; Cerletti, C.; Donati, M.B.; et al. Association between the Inflammatory Potential of the Diet and Biological Aging: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 4510 Adults from the Moli-Sani Study Cohort. Nutrients 2023, 15, 1503. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15061503

AMA Style

Martínez CF, Esposito S, Di Castelnuovo A, Costanzo S, Ruggiero E, De Curtis A, Persichillo M, Hébert JR, Cerletti C, Donati MB, et al. Association between the Inflammatory Potential of the Diet and Biological Aging: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 4510 Adults from the Moli-Sani Study Cohort. Nutrients. 2023; 15(6):1503. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15061503

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martínez, Claudia F., Simona Esposito, Augusto Di Castelnuovo, Simona Costanzo, Emilia Ruggiero, Amalia De Curtis, Mariarosaria Persichillo, James R. Hébert, Chiara Cerletti, Maria Benedetta Donati, and et al. 2023. "Association between the Inflammatory Potential of the Diet and Biological Aging: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 4510 Adults from the Moli-Sani Study Cohort" Nutrients 15, no. 6: 1503. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15061503

APA Style

Martínez, C. F., Esposito, S., Di Castelnuovo, A., Costanzo, S., Ruggiero, E., De Curtis, A., Persichillo, M., Hébert, J. R., Cerletti, C., Donati, M. B., de Gaetano, G., Iacoviello, L., Gialluisi, A., & Bonaccio, M., on behalf of the Moli-sani Study Investigators. (2023). Association between the Inflammatory Potential of the Diet and Biological Aging: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 4510 Adults from the Moli-Sani Study Cohort. Nutrients, 15(6), 1503. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15061503

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