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Astragalus Extract Mixture HT042 Alleviates Dexamethasone-Induced Bone Growth Retardation in Rat Metatarsal Bones
by
Chae Yun Baek
Chae Yun Baek 1,†,
JunI Lee
JunI Lee 1,†,
Donghun Lee
Donghun Lee 1,*
and
Hocheol Kim
Hocheol Kim
Prof. Hocheol Kim is a professor at the Kyung Hee University. He obtained his bachelor's degree at a [...]
Prof. Hocheol Kim is a professor at the Kyung Hee University. He obtained his bachelor's degree at the College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University in 1987, and his Doctor of Medicine in 1993. He served as a Visiting Professor at Weill Cornell Medicine from 1997 to 1999, the CEO at NeuMed Inc. from 2004 to 2009, and a Visiting Professor at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine from 2007 to 2009. He has been working as a Professor at the College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, since 1993. His research interests include pharmaceutics, ischemia, neurodegenerative diseases, herbal medicine, stroke, MCAo, neuroprotection, neuroprotective agents, and brain ischemia.
2,*
1
Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
2
Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Nutrients 2024, 16(14), 2333; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16142333 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 5 June 2024
/
Revised: 4 July 2024
/
Accepted: 7 July 2024
/
Published: 19 July 2024
Abstract
The most widely used synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone (DEX), causes stunted growth in children when used excessively or for long periods of time; however, there are still plenty of pediatric patients require long-term treatment with DEX. As an alternative, growth hormone is used in combination, but it has side effects, a high cost, and psychological factors, and it is not satisfactory in terms of effectiveness. It is necessary to develop a safe and affordable treatment that can replace it. The Korean Food and Drug Administration approved HT042, a standardized functional food ingredient, with the claim that it can help height growth of children. In this study, it was found that HT042 activated the Indian hedgehog/parathyroid hormone-related protein signaling pathway and enhanced the number of growth hormone receptors and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptors on the growth plate surface, which were reduced by DEX treatment, and restored growth retardation. In metatarsal bone and primary chondrocyte models, it was found that HT042 can promote the length of growth plate and recover DEX-induced growth retardation. It was also found that HT042 promotes cell proliferation using bromodeoxyuridine and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assays; moreover, we verified increased expression of GHR/IGF-1R and Ihh/PTHrP pathway activity using qRT-PCR, western blotting, and siRNA analyses to verify its direct action on the growth plate. The anti-apoptotic effect of HT042 was identified by regulating the expression of apoptotic factors such as caspase-3, Bcl2, Bclx, and Bax. These results were identified using both ex vivo and in vitro models. Our study verified that co-administration of HT042 could recover the DEX induced growth retardation
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MDPI and ACS Style
Baek, C.Y.; Lee, J.; Lee, D.; Kim, H.
Astragalus Extract Mixture HT042 Alleviates Dexamethasone-Induced Bone Growth Retardation in Rat Metatarsal Bones. Nutrients 2024, 16, 2333.
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16142333
AMA Style
Baek CY, Lee J, Lee D, Kim H.
Astragalus Extract Mixture HT042 Alleviates Dexamethasone-Induced Bone Growth Retardation in Rat Metatarsal Bones. Nutrients. 2024; 16(14):2333.
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16142333
Chicago/Turabian Style
Baek, Chae Yun, JunI Lee, Donghun Lee, and Hocheol Kim.
2024. "Astragalus Extract Mixture HT042 Alleviates Dexamethasone-Induced Bone Growth Retardation in Rat Metatarsal Bones" Nutrients 16, no. 14: 2333.
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16142333
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