The Impact of Pinus koraiensis Leaf Extract Consumption on Postprandial ApoB100 and Lipid Metabolism: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial in Healthy Participants Subjected to an Oral High-Fat Challenge
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sample Preparation
2.2. Study Design
2.3. Participants
2.4. Protocol
2.5. Assessment of Postprandial Blood Lipid Levels
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Subject Characteristics
3.2. Effect of PK on Postprandial TG and ApoB100 Levels
3.3. Qualitative Interaction Tree (QUINT) Analysis of ApoB100 Levels between Responders and Non-Responders
3.4. Correlation Analysis of Postprandial TG and ApoB100 Concentrations
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Placebo | PK | p Value 2 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (yr) | 40.8 | ± | 2.1 | 45.9 | ± | 1.7 | 0.064 |
Sex (male/female) | 13 | / | 15 | 13 | / | 21 | 0.515 |
Menstrual status (Y/N/NA) | 12/ | 3 | /13 | 13/ | 8 | /13 | 0.417 |
Alcohol consumption status (Y/N) | 12 | / | 16 | 19 | / | 15 | 0.307 |
Alcohol consumption volume (SD/wk) | 4.4 | ± | 1.4 | 5.6 | ± | 1.5 | 0.545 |
Smoking status (Y/N) | 6 | / | 22 | 3 | / | 31 | 0.277 |
Smoking amount (cigarette/d) | 1.9 | ± | 0.7 | 0.6 | ± | 0.4 | 0.142 |
Body weight (kg) | 70.4 | ± | 2.3 | 68.4 | ± | 1.9 | 0.488 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 25.2 | ± | 0.4 | 25.2 | ± | 0.4 | 0.991 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 87.1 | ± | 1.9 | 86.2 | ± | 1.4 | 0.722 |
Blood lipid profile (mg/dL) | |||||||
TG | 75.6 | ± | 9.0 | 78.9 | ± | 8.5 | 0.794 |
TC | 208.5 | ± | 7.4 | 211.2 | ± | 6.7 | 0.789 |
ApoB | 89.0 | ± | 3.4 | 91.2 | ± | 3.4 | 0.662 |
ApoB100 | 86.3 | ± | 5.2 | 84.3 | ± | 5.5 | 0.798 |
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Park, S.-y.; Park, T.g.; Choi, K.; Kim, K.J.; Kim, J.Y. The Impact of Pinus koraiensis Leaf Extract Consumption on Postprandial ApoB100 and Lipid Metabolism: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial in Healthy Participants Subjected to an Oral High-Fat Challenge. Nutrients 2024, 16, 2864. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16172864
Park S-y, Park Tg, Choi K, Kim KJ, Kim JY. The Impact of Pinus koraiensis Leaf Extract Consumption on Postprandial ApoB100 and Lipid Metabolism: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial in Healthy Participants Subjected to an Oral High-Fat Challenge. Nutrients. 2024; 16(17):2864. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16172864
Chicago/Turabian StylePark, Soo-yeon, Tae gwon Park, Kwanyong Choi, Kyeong Jin Kim, and Ji Yeon Kim. 2024. "The Impact of Pinus koraiensis Leaf Extract Consumption on Postprandial ApoB100 and Lipid Metabolism: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial in Healthy Participants Subjected to an Oral High-Fat Challenge" Nutrients 16, no. 17: 2864. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16172864