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Nutrients
Volume 16
Issue 7
10.3390/nu16071014
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Article

In Vivo Absorption and Lymphatic Bioavailability of Docosahexaenoic Acid from Microalgal Oil According to Its Physical and Chemical Form of Vectorization

by
Leslie Couëdelo
1,*,
Stephanie Lennon
2,*,
Hélène Abrous
1,
Ikram Chamekh
1,
Corentin Bouju
1,
Hugues Griffon
1,
Carole Vaysse
1,
Lionel Larvol
2 and
Gildas Breton
2,*
1
ITERG, Nutrition Life Sciences, 33610 Bordeaux, France
2
POLARIS, 29000 Quimper, France
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2024, 16(7), 1014; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16071014
Submission received: 14 February 2024 / Revised: 20 March 2024 / Accepted: 22 March 2024 / Published: 30 March 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Lipids)
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Abstract

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an essential fatty acid (FA) with proven pro-health effects, but improving its bioavailability is becoming a public health issue. The bioavailability of DHA from microalgal (A) oil has been comprehensively assessed, particularly in terms of the molecular structuring capabilities offered by A-oil. Here, we explored the impact of five DHA-rich formulas differing in terms of (i) molecular structure, i.e., ethyl ester (EE), monoglyceride (MG), or triglyceride (TG), and (ii) supramolecular form, i.e., emulsified TG or TG + phospholipids (PL blend) on the lymphatic kinetics of DHA absorption and the lipid characteristics of the resulting lipoproteins. We demonstrated in rats that the conventional A-DHA TG structure afforded more effective DHA absorption than the EE structure (+23%). Furthermore, the A-DHA MG and A-DHA emulsions were the better DHA vectors (AUC: 89% and +42%, respectively) due to improved lipolysis. The A-DHA MG and A-DHA emulsion presented the richest DHA content in TG (+40%) and PL (+50%) of lymphatic chylomicrons, which could affect the metabolic fate of DHA. We concluded that structuring A-DHA in TG or EE form would better serve for tissue and hepatic metabolism whereas A-DHA in MG and emulsion form could better target nerve tissues.
Keywords: fatty acid vectorization; lymph; enterocyte; lipids; microalgal oil; long-chain omega-3; bioavailability; PUFA absorption; chylomicrons fatty acid vectorization; lymph; enterocyte; lipids; microalgal oil; long-chain omega-3; bioavailability; PUFA absorption; chylomicrons
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MDPI and ACS Style

Couëdelo, L.; Lennon, S.; Abrous, H.; Chamekh, I.; Bouju, C.; Griffon, H.; Vaysse, C.; Larvol, L.; Breton, G. In Vivo Absorption and Lymphatic Bioavailability of Docosahexaenoic Acid from Microalgal Oil According to Its Physical and Chemical Form of Vectorization. Nutrients 2024, 16, 1014. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16071014

AMA Style

Couëdelo L, Lennon S, Abrous H, Chamekh I, Bouju C, Griffon H, Vaysse C, Larvol L, Breton G. In Vivo Absorption and Lymphatic Bioavailability of Docosahexaenoic Acid from Microalgal Oil According to Its Physical and Chemical Form of Vectorization. Nutrients. 2024; 16(7):1014. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16071014

Chicago/Turabian Style

Couëdelo, Leslie, Stephanie Lennon, Hélène Abrous, Ikram Chamekh, Corentin Bouju, Hugues Griffon, Carole Vaysse, Lionel Larvol, and Gildas Breton. 2024. "In Vivo Absorption and Lymphatic Bioavailability of Docosahexaenoic Acid from Microalgal Oil According to Its Physical and Chemical Form of Vectorization" Nutrients 16, no. 7: 1014. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16071014

APA Style

Couëdelo, L., Lennon, S., Abrous, H., Chamekh, I., Bouju, C., Griffon, H., Vaysse, C., Larvol, L., & Breton, G. (2024). In Vivo Absorption and Lymphatic Bioavailability of Docosahexaenoic Acid from Microalgal Oil According to Its Physical and Chemical Form of Vectorization. Nutrients, 16(7), 1014. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16071014

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