Isolation, Molecular Identification, and Mycotoxin Production of Aspergillus Species Isolated from the Rhizosphere of Sugarcane in the South of Iran
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Species Identification
2.2. Mycotoxin Production
3. Discussion
4. Conclusions
5. Materials and Methods
5.1. Samples
5.2. Fungal Isolation and Morphological Identification
5.3. Molecular Identification
5.4. Sequence Data Analysis
5.5. Mycotoxin Analyses
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sampling Sites | No. of Sugarcane Rhizosphere Samples | No. of Aspergillus Isolates | Aspergillus spp. Occurrence (%) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A. terreus | A. tubingensis | A. welwitschiae | Others | |||
Amir Kabir | 8 | 8 | - - | 75 | 12.5 | 12.5 |
Imam Khomeini | 8 | 4 | 25 | 50 | 25 | - - |
Debal Khazaei | 8 | 11 | - - | 73 | 18 | 9 |
Dehkhoda | 8 | 10 | 80 | 10 | - - | 10 |
Karun | 8 | 23 | 25 | 29 | 42 | 4 |
Mirza K. Khan | 8 | 11 | 9 | 82 | 9 | - - |
Salman Farsi | 8 | 26 | 19 | 81 | - - | - - |
Haft Tappeh | 8 | 32 | 21 | 24 | 30 | 24 |
Total | 64 | 125 | 23 | 48 | 20 | 9 |
ITEM Collection Acc. Number | IRAN Collection Acc. Number | Isolate ID | Species | Mycotoxin Production (μg/g) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FB2 | OTA | PAT * | ||||
18460 | 3629 | MTN11 | A. welwitschiae | 1.0 | 106 | n.t. |
18461 | 3533 | MTN17 | A. welwitschiae | 1.0 | 32 | n.t. |
18462 | 3550 | MTN36 | A. welwitschiae | <LOD | <LOD | n.t. |
18464 | 3632 | MTN46 | A. welwitschiae | 1.0 | <LOD | n.t. |
18465 | 3583 | MTN74 | A. welwitschiae | <LOD | <LOD | n.t. |
18466 | 3587 | MTN78 | A. welwitschiae | 0.1 | <LOD | n.t. |
18467 | 3606 | MTN100 | A. tubingensis | n.t. | <LOD | n.t. |
18468 | 3608 | MTN103 | A. welwitschiae | 4.4 | <LOD | n.t. |
18469 | 3609 | MTN105 | A. welwitschiae | 0.2 | 49 | n.t. |
18470 | 3612 | MTN108 | A. welwitschiae | 2.2 | 142 | n.t. |
18471 | 3521 | MTN3 | A. tubingensis | n.t. | <LOD | n.t. |
18472 | 3528 | MTN12 | A. tubingensis | n.t. | <LOD | n.t. |
18473 | 3530 | MTN14 | A. tubingensis | n.t. | <LOD | n.t. |
18474 | 3534 | MTN18 | A. tubingensis | n.t. | <LOD | n.t. |
18475 | 3541 | MTN25 | A. tubingensis | n.t. | <LOD | n.t. |
18476 | 3542 | MTN26 | A. tubingensis | n.t. | <LOD | n.t. |
18477 | 3547 | MTN32 | A. tubingensis | n.t. | <LOD | n.t. |
18478 | 3552 | MTN38 | A. tubingensis | n.t. | <LOD | n.t. |
18479 | 3554 | MTN41 | A. tubingensis | n.t. | <LOD | n.t. |
18480 | 3559 | MTN48 | A. tubingensis | n.t. | <LOD | n.t. |
18481 | 3567 | MTN56 | A. tubingensis | n.t. | <LOD | n.t. |
18482 | 3586 | MTN77 | A. tubingensis | n.t. | <LOD | n.t. |
18483 | 3595 | MTN87 | A. tubingensis | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD |
18484 | 3616 | MTN114 | A. tubingensis | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD |
18485 | 3520 | MTN1 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | 523.56 |
18486 | 3627 | MTN2 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | 18.39 |
18487 | 3628 | MTN4 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | n.t. |
18488 | 3522 | MTN5 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | n.t. |
18489 | 3523 | MTN6 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | 172.39 |
18490 | 3525 | MTN8 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | 212.65 |
18491 | 3526 | MTN9 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | n.t. |
18492 | 3527 | MTN10 | A. terreus | n.t.. | n.t. | n.t. |
18493 | 3529 | MTN13 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | n.t. |
18494 | 3546 | MTN31 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | 124.57 |
18495 | 3574 | MTN64 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | 7.88 |
18496 | 3577 | MTN67 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | n.t. |
18497 | 3578 | MTN68 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | 62.05 |
18498 | 3634 | MTN71 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | 7.16 |
18499 | 3582 | MTN73 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | n.t. |
18500 | 3588 | MTN79 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | 154.65 |
18501 | 3589 | MTN80 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | 10.70 |
18502 | 3636 | MTN89 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | n.t. |
18503 | 3601 | MTN94 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | 0.20 |
18504 | 3602 | MTN95 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | 510.56 |
18505 | 3603 | MTN97 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | n.t. |
18506 | 3639 | MTN111 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | n.t. |
18507 | 3615 | MTN113 | A. terreus | n.t. | n.t. | 59.46 |
Location Name | Latitude | Longitude |
---|---|---|
Karun | 32.290077 | 48.601034 |
Haft Tappeh | 32.104158 | 48.769371 |
Imam Khomeini | 31.816312 | 48.835920 |
Dehkhoda | 31.363858 | 48.754828 |
Debal Khazaei | 31.151123 | 48.511743 |
Amir Kabir | 31.030506 | 48.278718 |
Salman Farsi | 30.974513 | 48.657927 |
Mirza. K. Khan | 30.739912 | 48.066038 |
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Tavakol Noorabadi, M.; Babaeizad, V.; Zare, R.; Asgari, B.; Haidukowski, M.; Epifani, F.; Stea, G.; Moretti, A.; Logrieco, A.F.; Susca, A. Isolation, Molecular Identification, and Mycotoxin Production of Aspergillus Species Isolated from the Rhizosphere of Sugarcane in the South of Iran. Toxins 2020, 12, 122. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020122
Tavakol Noorabadi M, Babaeizad V, Zare R, Asgari B, Haidukowski M, Epifani F, Stea G, Moretti A, Logrieco AF, Susca A. Isolation, Molecular Identification, and Mycotoxin Production of Aspergillus Species Isolated from the Rhizosphere of Sugarcane in the South of Iran. Toxins. 2020; 12(2):122. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020122
Chicago/Turabian StyleTavakol Noorabadi, Maryam, Valiollah Babaeizad, Rasoul Zare, Bita Asgari, Miriam Haidukowski, Filomena Epifani, Gaetano Stea, Antonio Moretti, Antonio Francesco Logrieco, and Antonia Susca. 2020. "Isolation, Molecular Identification, and Mycotoxin Production of Aspergillus Species Isolated from the Rhizosphere of Sugarcane in the South of Iran" Toxins 12, no. 2: 122. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020122